Ndege Yak-12: zofunika photos, mbiri ya chilengedwe

Mu 1940s, ndi utsogoleri Soviet anavomereza dongosolo chitukuko ndi kukhazikitsanso chuma cha dziko. Malinga ndi iye, kusintha kwakukulu zagwira nchito zaulimi. Kuti kusintha kulamulira tizilombo ndi ukhondo ntchito kwa anthu anayamba mwachangu kukhala mzere mpweya. Izi zachititsa kuti zikamera mmodzi wa kuwala nthawi ya injini ndege. Ndi ndege monga Yak-12.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

The Yak-12 ndi Mipikisano cholinga zoyendera galimoto zinalengedwa ndi mamangidwe amasinthira motsogoleredwa ndi A. S. Yakovleva. Pambuyo mayesero bwino mu 1946, chilengedwe cha ndege anayamba misa-zokolola. Koma panthawi imodzi chiyesedwe woyendetsa sanathe kumtunda ndege pa malo operekedwa panokha ndi Stalin, ndi kupanga siriyo wa chitsanzo ndege wakhala mipingo. Ngakhale kuti kapangidwe ka ndege Yak-12 ndege mwa magalimoto ena a nthawi imeneyo anali mmodzi wopambana ndi cholakwa anali pa gawo la kupanga woyendetsa-ang'ono adapitiriza atamwalira kwa ntsogoleri.

Kamangidwe ka makina ndege

Poyamba, ndege lakonzedwa kuti Air Force monga makina awiri, angathe kuchita mavuto mwaukhondo ndi kulumikizana. Yak-12 anali kumanga wosanganiza: kupanga zapansi fuselage ntchito hromansilevye welded chitoliro. Duralumin mafelemu zinalengedwa ziwiri spar mapiko, tailplane ndi ailerons. Kumadzipangira wokha mapiko ndi gawo mchira anali nakonza nsalu. Kuti chepetsa uta ntchito duralumin. Wood inakhala maziko a ulimi wa n'kupanga formwork ndege. Mwaukhondo ndege makina anali okonzeka ndi kuliika Dural chotetezera zapamadzi. Kuchepetsa kukana mu galimotoyo yoperekedwa kwa mtundu pyramidal, izo wokwera tepi wapadera - munthu.

Ndege kanyumba a mtundu galimoto ndipo akhoza kumakhalamo anthu anayi. Ngati ndi kotheka, mbali yake anakhazikitsa machira kunyamula ovulala. Ambiri ndege yoyamba Yak-12 anali okonzeka ndi injini M-11FR malita 160. a. ndipo utakhazikika. M'kupita kwa nthawi, dongosolo la ndegeyo m'malo nkhuni zotayidwa.

tsogolo

Yak-12 ndege wakhala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ulimi. Mothandizidwa ndi makina anapangidwa kuvala zomera feteleza, seeding, kubereketsa zomera mbewu ndi minda. Zikhozanso kutumikira monga ambulansi. The Yak-12 ntchito ngati chotengera makalata ndi towing. Ngati zonyamula transporter ndege imeneyi inali yabwino pa maulendo zazing'ono. makina anawapanga anthu okwana awiri ndipo amatha kupirira katundu alibe upambana makilogalamu 350. Chilimwe sukulu parachuting anagwiritsanso ntchito Yak-12.

The chipangizo ndi kamangidwe ka makina ndege wosiyanasiyana yodziwika ndi kuphweka ake ndi ruggedness ntchito, pamaso pa wailesi ndi zipangizo, kulola ndege usiku ndi mu nyengo siili bwino. Kuwonjezera Soviet Union, ndegeyo lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito China ndi Poland, limene zimapangidwa PZL 101 Gawron.

mafotokozedwe

Yak-December 1947 nkhani ndi anagwira vysokoplanom ntchito injini M-11FR. kamangidwe ndege akanakhoza kukhala kanyumba thuu kapena atatu m'deralo. Yak-12 poyambirira linakonzedwa monga wachiphamaso. phiko struts ali V-mphako ndi converge pa mfundo yoti akhomere ya galimotoyo. Pakukhala amodzi slat duralumin kwambiri kuukira ngodya si owopsa. Kukweza pyramidal galimotoyo (anayesedwa kwa Yak-10) muli wapadera tepi-kuchedwa, kuyambira ku aliyense gudumu kuti buffers ndi mphira.

Ntchito ananyema imagwiridwa ndi mawilo waukulu 6 × 18 masentimita ndi mchira 20 × 11 cm. Iwo akhoza Ufumuyo ski. Management zikuphatikizapo amathamanga chingwe. Ili slats phiko zayamba kusintha katundu wa ndegeyo, ndipo zimakhudza zabwino chitetezo pa ndege.

The Yak-12: zofunika

• Utali - 8,36 m.
• Msinkhu - 3,76 m.
• Wingspan - 12 m.
• Mapiko Area - 21,60 mamita ^2.
• Ndege kulemera - 830 makilogalamu.
• Yovomerezeka kulemera (amene lomasula) anali 1450 kg.
• Zipangizo - 1PD M-11FR.
• Liwiro - 194 Km / h.
• Ikuthamanga liwiro - 169 Km / h.
• Tikufika liwiro - 90 km / h.
• Adaponya - 1h160 kN.
• ndegeyo lakonzedwa 4 maola ndege.
• Flight osiyanasiyana - 760 Km.

Yak-12 kusinthidwa

Model ndege amakhala ndi chomasuka ntchito, kotero kuti akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu masukulu ndege monga mlangizi. Kuwonjezera maphunziro, ndi wokhoza kuchita ntchito zina malingana Baibulo:

• Yak-12b akuti kukhala chitsanzo yekha ndi OHR kuti mamita 35 mtunda zofunika. Kamangidwe ka injini okonzeka ndi AI-14RF, amene mphamvu ndi malita 300. a.
• Yak-12C - pa ambulansi mpweya kunyamula munthu wovulazidwa.
• Yak-12SKH - Baibulo la ndege zolinga za ulimi. Iwo amachita kubereketsa zomera pa malo wobiriwira ndi kupopera mankhwala. kamangidwe ndi okonzeka ndi thanki wapadera ili pansi fuselage lapansi.
• Yak-12R - ndege kwa Air Force. Ntchito - kulankhulana. Kapangidwe wamphamvu injini AI-14P (260 L. C.). Mbali mchira ali okonzeka ndi kutsegula - wapadera ananyema mbedza, omwe anamiza pa ankafika pa phunziroli ndi kuchepetsa mtunda ake.

kupititsa patsogolo

Woyamba yemwe amaona yomanga ndege Yak-12. Ndege lachitsanzo kusinthidwa A anakumana kusintha ndi nthawi:

• Mapiko anapeza mawonekedwe trapezoidal ndi zida ndi slats chikukhudza canting wina.
• thanki mafuta: ndi kuwonjezeka mu kukula.
• Galimotoyo kutonthozedwa.
• Helm anapeza mawonekedwe nyanga.
• Cockpit. Ndi mazunzo ndi mbali glazing mayunitsi kusintha maganizo. A kusintha kwambiri mu kanyumba chitonthozo chifukwa ntchito chikopa zofewa upholstery. Kulemera kololeka amene akanatha kudzutsa Yak-12a, anali 1588 kg. Chifukwa kusintha ndege ya phiko kwambiri bwino aerodynamics, kuchuluka liwiro 30 km / hr ndi ndege osiyanasiyana.

patsogolo zina

Iwo anagwira fuselage kumbuyo ndi kutalika kwa makina.

• Yak-12M chawonjezeka mpaka mamita 9.
• Kamangidwe anadziwana ndi inathetsedwa forkil kutsegula.
• Front galimotoyo kutsogolo fuselage ndi mapiko strut zitsulo anatsindika.
• Hayidiroliki kuyimitsidwa m'malo mphira.
• Kanyumba mu kusinthidwa Yak-12 lakonzedwa okwera atatu.

Kodi kusintha anapangidwa?

Chifukwa kusintha ndegeyo anali kusinthidwa:

• Ntchito ulimi. Inu mukhoza kuika zida zina zofunika kwa maola awiri kapangidwe makina.
• Kuchita matenda. Panali malo unkatha, kuwonjezera oyendetsa awiri, wina dotolo ndiwobvulazidwa.
• Kuchita kudumpha maphunziro. Mwapadera wokwera pa dzanja lamanja la footrest ndi limachepetsanso vutoli.

Ndege la Soviet Air Force

Yak-12R opaleshoni ndi Soviet Air Force monga mgwirizano ndi galimoto. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, chitsanzo anali okonzeka ndi wamphamvu galimoto AI-14P (260 L. C.), Ndipo wononga-VISH 539L-11. Wood pomangira m'malo ndi duralumin. Pofuna kuchepetsa kutalika njira pa mtunda inali ikadali yopanda tala kuti mamita 50 Yak-12R kuchotsedwa braking coulter amene kale munali mawilo yakutsogolo kumbuyo. kanyumba anawapanga anthu okwana atatu. Ndege kulemera anafika makilogalamu 912.

mphunzitsi Baibulo

Kumayambiriro a 1959 ndi okonza Union anayamba chikule ndege pulogalamu yoyeseza Yak-12 UT. cholinga chake chinali kuphunzitsa oyendetsa asilikali kuchita ankafika pa zida. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, kanyumba wakhala zida:

• Achikhalire chachiwiri, kulola onse kuthamanga ndege injini Yak-12 UT, ndi kuchita manja ndi miyendo amazilamulira.
• Radio kampasi CHINGALAWA-5.
• Anasintha ya kapu 48 zipangizo zimene anapanga ankafika akhungu.
• Marker wolandila MRP-48.
• Radio altimeter RV-2.
• HSC 1500 jenereta. Ndi izo zinachitika zida Catering.

mayeso

Mu 1950, Yak-12 anayesedwa mu WT GC NIIVVS ndi akulimbikitsidwa masukulu ndege ya Air Force monga pulogalamu yoyeseza wogwira mtima maphunziro woyendetsa. Pa deficiencies yemweyo anafotokozedwa:

• 1700 kusintha pa masamba yokha anasonyeza ofooka mphepo mphamvu jenereta GSK 1500.
• mlongoti The ntchito ndi mphamvu osakwanira - wolandirayo ali kokha ntchito pa msinkhu osati choposa mamita 1850.
• Osiyanasiyana kampasi anali 160 Km. Sikunali kokwanira, monga Commission kuika patsogolo zofuna za meters osachepera 180.

Pambuyo mayeso June anali asankha kachiwiri mu October chaka chomwecho. Pambuyo Completions wa Yak-12 anali okonzeka ndi UT:

• windmill Wa-5 amene anali yodziwika ndi kusintha mamvekedwe a masamba pa ndege;
• akonzedwa T-mawonekedwe mlongoti ntchito bwino pa msinkhu uliwonse.

Mu 1952, ndege uyu bwinobwino mayeso latsopano. Komabe, paliponse mu zolemba izo sizimawoneka monga Yak-12 UT.

chitsanzo ndege ukhondo

Yak-12C 1948 kumasulidwa imatengedwa Baibulo ukhondo la ndegeyo zino. kamangidwe ka makina ndege anali ndinazolowera kunyamula wodwala. Chakumbali ya mkanda wa imakonzedwa machira. Palibe kusintha zina mu Yak-12 sanapangidwe. Malo ndege kulemedwa makilogalamu 852 ndipo amatha kupirira katundu kuti makilogalamu 380. Anauphatikiza zipangizo zina zapadera kulemera, amene analipo makilogalamu 22. Yak-12S katunduyu mankhwala a makilogalamu mpaka 175 ndi magawo ake anali abwino kuposa 2C.

Kupanga ndege ndi manja awo

Ndi zinthu zofunika, mukhoza Yak-12 amamwa potolochki (denga matailosi extrusion wa polystyrene). Pamaso pa zipangizo zofunika ndi zida zosinthira kupirira ntchito imeneyi sikovuta.

Zipangizo, zida ndi zida zosinthira

Ntchito zofunika zomangira:

• potolochka makulidwe cm 0.5;
• zomatira wapadera matailosi denga;
• 10 ml syringe;
• Mipikisano wachikuda tepi;
• waya awiri 0.1 masentimita;
• mapepala A4 pepala.

Zida chofunika:

• lathyathyathya bolodi, umene uli yabwino kwa ntchito;
• Malo mpeni;
• mita mzere;
• emery.

mbali:

• injini magetsi si zosakwana 1100 rpm;
• batire 12 volts;
• tinakwera wina.

Yambani. Kugwira ntchito ndi zojambula

Musanayambe, muyenera kukhala ndi lingaliro la momwe mukufuna RC ndege Yak-12. Ndi bwino kutenga zithunzi kutero. Zojambula kusindikizidwa kunja kwa mayiko ayenera kuperekedwa manambala siriyo. Kenako linakwiriridwa malinga ndi chiwerengero pa lathyathyathya pamwamba.

Kupanga mfundo kwa mankhwala

Pamaziko a zojambula, mukhoza muchokera kwa excision mbali zofunika. Chabwino, ngati katundu ali ambiri mizere molunjika. Pankhaniyi, amaona mosavuta.

Ntchito woterowo zojambula adzafunika singano. Ntchito, punctures inakonzedwa kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino zonse. Ndiye, mzere choikidwacho kwa puncture wina kufika wotsatira ndi malo mpeni zopangidwa slits pepala. Iwo anaphedwa mwa ndondomeko bola ngati zojambula si anapanga wokonzeka kuchita ntchito gluing mbali ya tsogolo la ndegeyo. Ndi mgwirizano wawo ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti popanda kuphwanya kupimira Masamu chitsanzo m'tsogolo.

Aliyense pepala zikhoza mbali zosafunika owonjezera kuti ayenera kudula. Chifukwa, makombo a dongosolo ayenera Choncho nadzaphatikizana ndi mzake. Only pambuyo pake mothandizidwa ndi syringe akhoza kukhala kogwirizana awo.

msonkhano

• Pamene khamu la mankhwala n'kofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mbali anali laminated gawo lakunja.
• Mbali yofunika imatengedwa mbali odulidwa kugwilizana kukula ndi miyeso kuti ali batire rechargeable - kungakhale kuposa kukonzekera chithunzicho. Ndi bwino kuchita miyezo ndi mtsogoleri.
• Pakuti mgwirizano olimba zabwino kugwiritsa ntchito zitalizitali, kapena wachiwiri kwa katundu.
• angagwiritsidwe ntchito akugudubuka chubu mapangidwe unakhota chofunika.
• Kenako, kulumikiza pamodzi ndi mbali kulankhula Yak-12. Radio womwe chitsanzo ndege, pamene ndege ndi amaganizira dontho afunika kulimbitsa kukonza.
• Pangani linga la kupanga mankhwala kudzakuthandizani zolimba tepi.
• analimbikitsa waya ouma kwa zophatikiza ndi servos.
• Motorama anatipatsa galimoto ayenera zopangidwa plywood woonda. Pakuti yabwino kwambiri kulumikiza zomangira.
• Popeza chidutswa cha plywood Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pulasitiki, zotayidwa kapena thovu. Chinthu chachikulu ndi kuti zinthu zinali zosavuta. Ndi zofunika kuti kulemera chitsanzo anapanga magalamu zosaposa 600.
• Launch wa mankhwala tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ndi kuponya manja ake.
• Kubzala ziyenera kuchitika kuyamba mimba ya ndege pa pamwamba zofewa. Chifukwa chaichi optionally kukhala wokwera pa kapangidwe gudumu.

Ndalama Ford Focus 3008 Pegout kapena kukhala wofanana ndi mtengo wa zolengedwa ndege ngati Yak-12. Photography oyenerera pansipa akuimira mbali ya kapangidwe ka kunja. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zosintha opangidwa osiyana.

Mu nthawi yathu, Yak-12 imatengedwa m'chipani. Angapezeke pa okhometsa zida ndege.