Ndege kamangidwe. kamangidwe zinthu. Kamangidwe ka A321 ndege

ndege kapangidwe bwanji kwambiri galimoto lake, luso ndi kuuluka bwino potsatira njira ntchito. Kutulukira ndegeyo analola kuti apange yojambula zosaneneka mu liwiro kugonjetsa mtunda wautali. Taganizirani mfundo ndi makhalidwe a makina chakuwuluka.

Zochitika za dongosolo la ndege

M'munsimu muli mayina a mbali yaikulu, amene amapanga ambiri aircrafts wamakono:

• Thupi yaikulu ya ndege (fuselage). Ali chifukwa kugwirizana mu imodzi pakati, mapiko, powertrain ndi galimotoyo zinthu zina kunja. Ili mkati fuselage kwa kanyumba adalira, katundu ndi zonyamula chipinda.
• Zotakasika kapena muyezo wamphamvu Motors, chifukwa mu gulu ndege.
• Mapiko - mwatsatanetsatane kuti akutumikira ziziyenda unit ndi m'mwamba.
• Chifukwa akusamala ndi kukhazikika ndi vertically ofukula mchira.
• Cham'mbali mchira ndi udindo kulamulira ndi olimba za makina mu gawo kotenga.
• dongosolo kulamulira.
• Katundu.

feathering

Kamangidwe tingachipeze powerenga za ndege mchira ndi khalidwe la ambiri nkhondowo ndi Mabaibulo wamba. Mu chiwembu izi, yopingasa mchira stabilizer tichipeza amodzi ndi pamalo chosinthika.

The stabilizer kwa mtendere wa ndege wachibale olamulira yopingasa. Pamene kutsitsa mphuno a chigawo ndege mchira pamodzi ndi nthenga kudyetsedwa oposa. Pa nkhani imeneyi, mpweya otaya kuthamanga mu chipinda chapamwamba kuwonjezeka stabilizer. Yopangidwa ndi katundu akadzabweranso stabilizer pamodzi ndi fuselage mu malo ankafuna.

The zida mulinso ndi kumbuyo ofukula mchira. Amakhala ndi mchitidwe amodzi (muyezo) ndi kuwongolera zowongolera. Mfundo ndi ofanana ndi khamu masitepe yopingasa analogi yekha mu ndege choimirira.

Ndege kapangidwe amapereka bata wagawo mu ndege ziwiri. Kakonzedwe kotenga zipangitsa bata phiko gululi pa ngodya anakonzeratu za wina ndi mzake, mwa «V» mtundu kalata.

amazilamulira

Pomanga ndege ndi zofunika ulamuliro pamalo. The chikepe ndi makina kumbuyo stabilizer amafotokozera. Ngati mfundo imeneyi ndi okonzeka ndi awiri mtima, ndi chiwongolero adzakhala awiri. Iwo synchronously anapanduka kunsi kapena m'mwamba, kuthandiza kusintha kutalika kwa glider ndege.

Aileron - gawo makina a gulu phiko. Iwo amakulolani ziziyenda ndege wachibale olamulira kotenga. Zinthu ntchito ikuchitika synchronously, kuchimwa kwa mbali chikuchitika mu madera osiyana.

The chiwongolero ndi mbali ya muyezo akutumikira ziziyenda unit choimirira. Kasinthasintha zosiyana malangizo choyendetsa amapezeka mpaka nthawi monga woyendetsa sabwerera wa chiwongolero ndi zinakambirana.

Njinga ndi machitidwe ena

Atasinkhasinkha ndege zida zosiyanasiyana injini. Iwo ali ndi udindo liwiro amangokhala ndi pakutchulidwa wa m'mwamba ndi. Motors akhoza wokwera kutsogolo kwa ndege, kumbuyo ndi pa phiko.

Anagawa zomera mphamvu motere:

• Kwakusiyana injini - monga iwiri pulsing wagawo ndi chopangira mphamvu ndege.
• Wononga - anapereka pisitoni zitsanzo ndi yofanana zovuta za chopangira mphamvu ya.
• Roketi injini - madzi kapena olimba mkulu-liwiro kusinthidwa.

Atanyamula ndege nyumba monga angapo zigawo zikuluzikulu. The galimotoyo ndi udindo zofunika ndi ankafika galimoto pa airfields msewu wonyamukira ndege. Achule ntchito yapadera ski-zoyandama kulola makina ntchito pa madzi kapena chipale chofewa.

Kapangidwe ka ndege A-321

chitsanzo ichi ndi nthumwi yaikulu ya Airbus ndege mtundu. ndegeyo yatenganso fuselage lengthened, chithunzi apamwamba mphamvu anthu. Ena zosintha wamba ija ndi zitsanzo ziwiri: A231-100 ndi otsika ndege osiyanasiyana poyerekeza ndi anzanu, ndipo A321-200 ndi thanki zina mafuta ndi Motors wamphamvu.

Chiwerengero cha chikalata dongosolo la zikwi ndege ya mtundu uwu. Siriyo yopanga magalimoto akupitiriza pa nthawi ino. Model zikugwirizana ndi mfundo zonse chofunika ndipo ali chiyembekezo chabwino msika lonse ndi Airbus.

A321 ndege mamangidwe yosavuta kumva. Mkati mphamvu okwera 200. The ikuthamanga liwiro la ndegeyo - 900 Km / h, ndi pazipita kudzachitika wolemera kutalika - 10,5 Km. Osiyanasiyana n'kosiyanasiyana makilomita pafupifupi 4.3 zikwi.

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Pakati A321 ndege kapangidwe ubwino akhoza kutchulidwa zotsatirazi:

• makina ali mkulu mlingo wa kutchinjiriza phokoso.
• chipangizo ali mutonthozedwe kwa oyendetsa ndi anthu.
• Lalikulu ndi omasuka chochezera.
• Chapadera luso magawo.

Mwa zolakwa za taonera mbali:

• pang'ono A chakale kuphatikiza luso, poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo atsopano yachilendo.
• Limited mphamvu opaleshoni.

Ndege Design A-321 amapereka maofesi makhalidwe, yomwe ili zidutswa anayi mu mzere. Iwo ali omasuka m'lifupi kokha chikopa, anamanga-airbags. The chochezera amapereka kubwereketsa kwa makompyuta komanso zogwiritsa ntchito zina mwa mawu a chitonthozo anthu.

Gawo

Mwa maikidwe ndege anawagawa ziwembu boma ndi asilikali. Mbali yaikulu ya chimake choyamba okonzeka ndi zonyamula katundu chipinda. Iwo kutithera a mkati mwa malo fuselage.

Mitundu ya si nkhondowo ndege:

1. Local onyamula anthu. Osiyanasiyana ndege awo ndi pakati makilomita awiri ndi zikwi khumi, ndi gulu intercontinental chililaka oposa 11 zikwi makilomita.
2. zitsanzo katundu anawagawa ofatsa, odziletsa ndi aakulu gulu. Malinga ziyeneretso, iwo akhoza kunyamula matani 10 mpaka 40 ya katundu.
3. aircrafts Special. Ntchito, ulimi zolinga ukhondo kufufuza, moto nkhondo, komanso mayunitsi mlengalenga.
4. Maphunziro kusinthidwa.

Kusiyana asilikali alibe ndi omasuka zida mkati. Mbali yaikulu ya fuselage amachita machitidwe zida, zida nzeru, yolimbanirana ndi Edzi wapadera. A gulu la asilikali a gliders ndi kalasi: lachitsanzo asilikali zoyendera, omenyana, ndege kuukira, zoponya mabomba, reconnaissance.

The zida ndege zimadalira dera kuuluka bwino potsatira njira, imene iwo anapanga. Iwo amakhala ndi zingapo zofunika ndi dongosolo yothandizira pamalo. Ngati mphuno a ndege mu ambiri a zanyengo zofanana, malo ndi Masamu mapiko, mchira gawo siyana amasiyana.

Kumapeto kwa

Dziwani kuti ndege AN, amene mamangidwe choyimira cha kamangidwe chakale, ankagwiritsa ntchito m'sitimayo ndi katundu mpweya kayendedwe. Ambiri, pali zingapo ziwembu aircrafts zipangizo. Pakati pawo:

1. Chakale kamangidwe.
2. Lembani "zouluka phiko".
3. Mgwilizano kamangidwe.
4. Kusinthidwa wa "bakha".
5. Mpandadenga ndi ophatikizana chiwembu.
6. "Tailless".

Pakati pa amasiyana kusinthidwa Kamangidwe mfundo ili Motors, kunja, zofunika / ankafika mfundo komanso liwiro ndi mphamvu magawo.