Natural zochitika. Natural ndi masoka zowopseza

Natural zochitika - sizachilendo, nthawi zina zauzimu nyengo ndi nyengo zochitika zimene zimachitika mwachibadwa m'madera onse a dziko. Izi zikhoza kukhala bwino kwa chisanu ubwana kapena mvula, ndipo mungathe - wodabwitsa zowononga chiphala zotupa kapena chivomezi. Ngati zinthu zimenezi zidzachitika kuchokera munthu osati kum'pangitsa kuwononga zinthu, si zofunika. Palibe mukhale cholinga ichi. Apo ayi ngozi zachilengedwe ankaona anthu ngati tsoka.

Research ndi kuonerera

Khalidwe ndi zochitika zachilengedwe anthu anayamba kuphunzira kalelo. Komabe, kwa dongosolo kuti zimenezi zinali ndi m'zaka za m'ma 17, nkomwe mbali yapadera ya sayansi (sayansi zachilengedwe) kuti amaphunzira deta mwambo. Komabe, ngakhale zinthu zambiri sayansi, ndi lero zina zochitika zachilengedwe ndi njira adakali bwino anamvetsa. Nthawi zambiri timaona zotsatira za chochitika, ndipo zimayambitsa zitha amanena ndi kumanga ziphunzitso zosiyana. Akatswiri m'mayiko ambiri akugwira ntchito pa kupanga kafukufuku wa zosayembekezereka, ndipo ambiri Chofunika, kuteteza maonekedwe awo nkotheka, kapena kuchepetsa mavuto onse amene zochitika zachilengedwe. Ndipo komabe, ngakhale mphamvu zonse zowononga njira zimenezi, munthu nthawi zonse amakhalabe mwamuna ndi kuyesa kupeza chinachake mu wokongola chapamwamba. Chochititsa chidwi zachilengedwe? Iwo akhoza kukhala mndandanda, koma mwina tisaiwale, monga kuphulika chiphala, mphepo yamkuntho, madzi osefukira - onse ali okongola, ngakhale chiwonongeko ndi chisokonezeko kuti akhalebe nawo.

Weather zochitika za chilengedwe

zochitika zachilengedwe zimaonetsa nyengo ndi kusintha kwake nyengo. Aliyense nyengo yodziwika ndi zochitika zake zovuta. Mwachitsanzo, m'chaka pali zotsatirazi nyengo zochitika: kusungunuka chisanu, kusefukira kwa madzi, mikuntho, mitambo, mphepo, mvula. Mu chilimwe, dzuwa amapereka dziko chochuluka kutentha, zinangokhalako zokha pa nthawi iyi yabwino kwambiri; mitambo, mphepo ofunda, mvula ndipo, ndithudi, utawaleza; koma akhoza kukhala akulu: thunderstorms, matalala. M'dzinja kusintha nyengo, kutentha akutsikira, masiku ali overcast ndi mvula. Nthawi imeneyi, kulamulidwa ndi zochitika izi: chifunga, tsamba, chisanu, chisanu choyamba. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu dziko tulo, nyama zina amizidwa hibernation. Ambiri zochitika zachilengedwe ndi: yozizira koopsa, Mkuntho, mkuntho wa chisanu, chisanu, mazenera kuoneka chisanu.

Zochitika zonsezi zili paliponse ife, sitikhalanso powasamalira. Tsopano tiyeni tione njira zimenezo zimakumbutsa anthu kuti si korona, ndi dziko lapansi ndi kutetezedwa kokha iye wake kwa kanthawi.

zowopseza Natural

Izi kwambiri ndi nkhanza njira nyengo ndi nyengo zimene zimachitika m'madera onse a dziko, koma m'madera amaonedwa kukhala osatetezeka kwambiri ku mitundu ina ya zochitika poyerekeza ndi ena. Ngozi zochitika zachilengedwe kuwasandutsa masoka kumaliseche ngati kumene zomangamanga ndi akuwonongedwa ndipo anthu amafa. zomvetsa Awa ndi zopinga zazikulu kuti pakhale anthu. Kupewa mavuto amenewa kuli kovuta, pali kuneneratu yake ya zinthu pofuna kupewa ovulala ndi kuwononga zinthu.

Komabe, vuto lagona pa choona kuti zochitika masoka achilengedwe zingatenge malo pa mamba osiyana ndi nthawi zosiyana. Ndipotu aliyense wa iwo wapadera njira zawo, choncho zovuta zisanachitike. Mwachitsanzo, madzi osefukira kung'anima ndi Anthufe tikuvutika kuwononga Komabe, koma yochepa ankakhala chodabwitsa, zokhudza malo ochepa. masoka ena woopsawo monga chilala, akuchedwa kukulitsa Komabe, bwanji Africa chonsecho ndi anthu onse. Womaliza tsoka kwa miyezi ingapo, ndipo nthawizina zaka. Chifukwa cha polojekiti ndi kulosera zinthu zimenezi pa mapemphero dziko hydrological ndi nyengo komanso malo apadera ukatswiri tasked ndi kufufuza zowopseza geophysical. Zikuphatikizapo kuphulitsa mapiri, phulusa airborne, kusefukira kwa madzi, nyukiliya, zamoyo kuipitsa malo ndi mankhwala, ndi zina zotero D..

Tsopano tiyeni tiyang'ane yakuti pang'ono ena a zochitika zachilengedwe.

chilala

Chifukwa chachikulu cha tsoka ndi kupanda mvula. Chilala isiyana ndi masoka ena achilengedwe, akufotokozera pang'onopang'ono, nthawi zambiri chiyambi chake wabisika ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mu mbiri ya dziko lapansi, ngakhale opezeka milandu pamene tsoka kwa zaka zambiri. Chilala zambiri ali m'mavuto oopsa: choyamba youma madzi (mitsinje, mitsinje, nyanja, akasupe), Kusiya kukula mbewu zambiri, kenako anapha nyama, ambiri zenizeni kukhala matenda ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi.

zowononga otentha

zinthuzo achilengedwe m'madera a mumlengalenga, kuthamanga otsika kwambiri pa madzi otentha ndipo otentha kupanga lingamutsatire onsewo dongosolo thunderstorms ndi mazana mphepo kukula (ndi zina zikwi) wa makilomita awiri. pamwamba mphepo liwiro mu otentha woyendera nthambi chimphepochi angafikire makilomita mazana awiri pa ora kapena kuposa. Mogwirizana kwa mochedwerako chifukwa cha mphepo ndi mafunde zambiri kumayambitsa anasefukira m'mphepete mwa nyanja - buku yaikulu madzi otsanulidwa pa gombe ndi mphamvu zochuluka ndipo liwilo, yomwe yagwa onse njira yake.

mpweya

zochitika zachilengedwe ndi zotsatira za kudzikundikira mpweya zoipa mpweya kapena particles zinthu chifukwa masoka (mapiri, moto) ndi zochita za anthu (mafakitale ntchito, magalimoto ndi ena.). Chifunga ndi utsi chifukwa cha moto wildland ndi nkhalango, komanso kuyatsa zatsalira mbewu ndi kudula mitengo; Komanso, chifukwa mapangidwe phulusa la chiphala chamoto. zinthu izi kuipitsa mavuto aakulu kwambiri kwa thupi. Chifukwa cha masoka izi yafupika aone, pali disruptions mu msewu ndi zoyendera mphepo.

dzombe chipululu

Chotero zochitika zachilengedwe kuwononga kwambiri mu Asia, ku Middle East, ku Africa ndi kum'mwera kwa Ulaya. Pamene zinthu zachilengedwe ndi nyengo ndi nyengo kuswana tizilombo awa, amatiphunzitsa, kawirikawiri m'madera ang'onoang'ono. Koma ambiri a dzombe Umasiya kukhala chinthu munthu ndi adziwonetsa limodzi zamoyo. A magulu ang'ono anapanga nkhosa yaikulu kusuntha kukafunafuna chakudya. M'litali jamb mwina makumi makilomita. Masana akhoza ayende mtunda wa makilomita mpaka zana awiri, kusesa kutali zomera zonse njira zawo. Mwachitsanzo, tani imodzi dzombe (a mbali yaing'ono wa gululo) patsiku akhoza kudya chakudya monga mmene kudyedwa ndi njovu khumi kapena anthu 2,500. tizilombo izi loopsa ambiri pastoralists ndi alimi tikukhala mu mapangidwe osatetezeka kwambiri.

Kung'anima kusefukira kwa madzi ndi madzi osefukira

Izi ndi zochitika zachilengedwe zachilengedwe angayambe paliponse pambuyo mvula lolemera. floodplains ali pachiopsezo ku kusefukira kwa madzi komanso mvula ya mkuntho chifukwa madzi osefukira kung'anima. Komanso, madzi osefukira yochepa zina zimachitika pambuyo nthawi ya chilala, pamene mvula yamphamvu kwambiri kugwa pa zolimba, youma padziko, imene madzi sangathe seep mu nthaka. zochitika zachilengedwe yodziwika ndi zosiyanasiyana mitundu: kwa madzi osefukira yaing'ono komanso wachiwawa wosanjikiza wamphamvu wa madzi okuta madera akuluakulu. Iwo akhoza chifukwa cha Anthufe tikuvutika, thunderstorms kwambiri, mvula, extratropical ndi otentha zowononga (mphamvu zawo akhoza zochuluka chifukwa cha mphamvu ya ofunda El Niño), kusungunuka chisanu ndi ayezi sachedwa chifukwa. M'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja chifukwa cha tsunami, chimphepochi, kapena milingo madzi adzawuka mitsinje, chifukwa ndi lalitali mafunde mphepo kapena kukakhala nthawi zambiri amachititsa kuti madzi osefukira. Chifukwa cha madzi osefukira wa madera akuluakulu omwe ali pansipa chotchinga damu, kawirikawiri chigumula m'mitsinje, amene amayamba ndi chipale kusungunuka.

Other ngozi zachilengedwe

1. A matope (matope) mtsinje kapena Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga.

2. chigumukire.

3. The mchenga / fumbi mikuntho.

4. mabingu.

5. Mphezi.

6. kwambiri kutentha.

7. mphepo yamkuntho.

8. matalala mafunde.

9. kuzizira mvula.

10. Moto m'mayiko chimanga chosakhwima kapena nkhalango.

11. kunagwa chipale chofewa ndi mvula.

12. Mphepo zamphamvu.

13. Kutentha mafunde.