Mwini wamkulu. "Bronze Horseman" ndi ndakatulo ya vesi ya A.S. Pushkin

Ntchito ya ndakatulo "The Bronze Horseman" inakhazikitsidwa ndi Pushkin mu malo a Boldino mu 1833 mu nthawi yobala kwambiri ya wolemba ndakatulo. Koma, mwatsoka, ntchito yodabwitsayi siinadutsedwe ndi Nicholas I. M'modzi mwa magazini a masiku ano olemba mabuku mu 1834, chiyambi chabe chinaloledwa. Pushkin atamwalira mu 1837 ndi kusintha komwe kunayambitsidwa ndi VA Zhukovsky, ndakatuloyi inapezekabe mu nyuzipepala ya Sovremennik. Koma popanda zoletsa zonse zomwe zinkasokoneza tanthauzo la wolemba, ntchitoyi inasindikizidwa kokha mu 1904.

Pushkin, "The Bronze Horseman": protagonist

Nthano yakuti "The Bronze Horseman" inali nkhani yomaliza ya ndime ya Alexander Pushkin ponena za Russian Russian Great ndi nyengo ya "Petersburg" m'mbiri ya Russia. Anthu otchulidwa m'nkhaniyi "The Bronze Horseman" - munthu wamba - wokhala ku St. Petersburg - ndi fano la Peter I. Komabe, pano nthawi zonse mu Pushkin, zonse sizili zophweka.

Ntchitoyi ikufotokoza za tsoka lachidziwitso la Eugene, yemwe adakumana ndi mavuto oopsa pa mtsinje wa Neva. Cholinga ichi chinakhala maziko a mbiri yakale ndi mafilosofi, omwe amagwirizana kwambiri ndi ntchito ya kusintha tsar mu mbiri yakale ya Russia ndi tsogolo la ubongo wake waukulu - Petersburg. Ntchitoyi inakhala ndakatulo yoyamba mumzinda wa Russian.

Munthu Wamng'ono

Nthano yakuti "The Horseman Bronze" imaonedwa ngati imodzi mwa ntchito zabwino kwambiri za ndakatulo wanzeru. Zinalembedwa ndi iambic tetrameter. Pomwepo nkofunikira kudziwa momwe Pushkin yolondola imagwiritsira ntchito zithunzi ndi zojambula. Choyamba mukhoza kumvetsera masewera achikondwerero mumzindawu ndi phokoso la mipira ndi kutsekemera kwa magalasi, ndiyeno_muwone osauka ndi oopsya Eugene, pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kumanyala, amayenda pamsewu wa Neva.

Ntchitoyi ikufotokozedwa ngati nkhani yovuta yomwe boma losasangalatsa ndi protagonist. Wokwera mkuwa amasonyezanso dziko limene munthu wamba yemwe walowa mu mkangano ndi iye sadzakhala wopambana. Mutu wa munthu "wamng'ono", wolemekezeka komanso wolemekezeka, anali wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa ndakatulo ndi olemba kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1920.

Peter Wamkulu

Wopanga chiwonetsero choyamba chomwe ndi wokwera mkuwa, Peter I, yemwe samawoneka mu ntchito ngati mbiri yakale, koma akuyimiridwa ngati fano la chifaniziro chopatulika, ndipo apa sichikutchula nthawi ya ulamuliro wake. Nthawi yake kwa wolembayo inakhala nthawi yaitali m'mbiri ya dziko la Russia, lomwe silinathe ngakhale pambuyo pa imfa ya tsar-reformer. Pushkin sichimayambitsa chiyambi cha nthawi ya Petro, iye ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi zotsatira za masiku ano. Anayang'ana Petro kuchokera ku zochitika zakale zaposachedwapa - mu 1824 pa November 7, pamene madzi osefukira adachitika ku St. Petersburg, yomwe idakhala chigawo chachikulu cha ntchito yomwe nkhondoyi inkachitika pakati pa mzinda ndi zinthu zina. Ndipo izi ndizochitika zakale, zolemba zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi wolemba mwiniyo m'mawu oyambirira ndi zolemba.

Eugene wosauka

Mutu wachiwiri wapamwamba mu ndakatulo "The Bronze Horseman" ndi khalidwe lapakati ndi Eugene. Zithunzi za anthu ena a Petersburg sizidziwikiratu, ndi "anthu" ochulukira pamsewu, akumira kuchokera kusefukira kumbali yoyamba, ndipo alibe chidwi ndi ozizira omwe ali nawo pachiwiri. Chiyambi chenichenicho chinali chotchuka cha Senate Square cha Northern Capital, misewu ndi backwoods, kumene chigumula chisanakhale "nyumba yakale" ya mtsikana wokondedwa Eugene - Parasha - ndi mayi wake wamasiye.

Eugene adachita misala ndi zovuta zomwe zinachitika, atamva kuti wokondedwa wake wamwalira ndi tsoka lachilengedwe loopsya losayembekezereka. Iye salinso kubwerera kwawo, koma amakhala wamisala wosasangalatsa mumzinda.

Wotsutsa wamatsenga ndi wokwera mkuwa

Ntchito yofunika kwambiri muntchito ikusewera ndi ndondomeko yeniyeni ya semantic plan, imayimiridwa nthawi yomweyo mu mutu wa ndakatulo - The Bronze Horseman. Kenaka, m'mawu oyamba ndi mbiri yakale, amajambula chiwembucho, chomwe chimanena za tsogolo la Eugene ndi chigumula.

Fano pa kavalo wa mkuwa imakumbutsa zomwezo nthawi ndi nthawi ndipo imakhala chimaliziro cha ndakatulo yomwe munthu wamkulu - wokwera mkuwa - amathamangitsa Evgeny. Pali kale fano la chikhalidwe chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa chiwembucho, ndipo pakadali pano Petersburg akutaya kale ndondomeko yake yeniyeni ndipo ikukhala ndi zofunikira komanso malo amthano.

Pushkin mwadala limapereka mphotho yake popanda zizindikiro zapadera, monga munthu wophweka kwambiri m'khamulo, akulota banja losangalala. Pamapeto a ndakatulo Eugene, wosauka, wosungulumwa komanso wosafunika, mwadzidzidzi akuwona ndipo akupeza kuti mu zovuta zake "fano lodzikuza" ndilolakwa, ndipo kenako amubweretsa mkwiyo wake pa iye.

Nthanoyi ikuwonetseratu kuti pali nkhondo yosatha pakati pa boma lomwe liribe chidwi ndi mavuto a anthu, komanso munthu wamba yemwe chisankho chake sichinapezepo.