Mwina - izi ndi ... Tanthauzo ndi chiyambi cha mawu

Kodi mwachisawawa? mawu ichi silingamasuliridwe chinenero chilichonse mu dziko. Koma anthu Russian sinathe kuukhulupirira m'mbiri yonse linakhalapo. Mwinamwake, mwina - izi ndi ena akale acikunja mulungu, kulonjezedwa zabwino malonda ndi bwino kuyesetsa wanu wonse? Osati kanthu anachita F. M. Dostoevsky m'kamwa mwa ngwazi mmodzi wa mabuku ake adakangana kuti mwachisawawa athu - lalikulu.

Mizu mbiri ya Russian "avosya"

Akatswiri lekani kukangana gawo la kulankhula ndi mawu. V. I. Dal anaganiza kuti mwina - izo ndi adverb zomwe zachitika ku osakaniza makalata oyambirira oti "koma tsopano." Lero akatswiri a zinenero monga "mwina" pa zolimba tinthu, mawu oyamba, ndi zina zimene anakhazikitsa mawu ubiquitous amakhala chachikazi. Mwachitsanzo, Miyambo, "Mwina kupunthwa" ndi "Mwina gawo sapereka."

Katswiri mabuku Russian Valery Mokienko poyamba mawu "avos" anali wa chikhalidwe cha index, "koma tsopano kuti chinachake chichitika." Ndi chinazilala za mawu kumapeto kwa ndime ya nthawi, ndipo tanthauzo la mawu akuti "mwina" komveka "ngati", "mwadzidzidzi." Ndi XVII m'ma izo colloquially iwo ntchito monga "mulole", "mphamvu", "Mulungu akalola." Zotsatira chikuoneka bwinobwino mawu awa, "tidzakomanenso mwina kwambiri," kapena "mwina vuto kuthetsedwa." Ndiko kuti, wokamba kukusonyeza kuti zinazake zidzachitika palokha, popanda kutsatira khama. Choncho, mawu akuti "chiyembekezo cha zabwino" walembedwa kuti "kudalira tsoka, kukhulupirirana mlandu."

Kwachinsinsi mawu mu mbiriyakale ndipo mabuku

Ine ndikutsimikiza ambiri otchuka thanthwe sewero la "Juno ndi Avos", olengedwa mwa Wolemba Alekseem Rybnikovym pa libretto ndi Andrei Voznesensky. ntchito ndi nkhani ya chikondi Russian Chiwerengero Rezanov ndi mnyamata Spanish mtsikana wina dzina lake Conchita. Ndipotu zimenezi zinachitika kukhala mu mbiri. Zinthu za mbali chikondi kwa nkhaniyi, ife titembenukira kwa underpinnings zochititsa ndiyo kuyesetsa kumvetsa zimene Juno ndi Avos.

Izi zinachitika mu 1806. Chamberlain ya mfumu Court Nikolay Petrovich Rezanov kupulumutsa caterer Russian atsamunda a ku America okonzeka awiri kuyendetsa sitima zapamadzi chotengera, mmodzi amene ankatchedwa "Juno" ndi dzina la mulungu wachikazi wa Roma. Zingakhale zomveka kuganiza kuti frigate wachiwiri dzina lake polemekeza mulungu.

Komabe, pankhani imeneyi pali podziwa kwambiri prosaic. chakuti "Juno" Werengani anagula kwa industrialist American, ndipo ngalawa kale dzina. Sitimayo chachiwiri anamanga ku nkhani yofunika, ndipo pa nthawi ya kukulozani ena kuonelela pa gombe, wosakayika mphamvu ya wamphepo latsopano, anasonyeza kukayikira: "Ndipo musati usathe?" Kwa amene mbuye, mtsogoleri zomangamanga, anati: "Palibe, mwina doplyvot ". Choncho Posakhalitsa wachifundo nalo dzina lake. Iwo likukhalira kuti pano, "mwina" - uyu si mulungu, ndipo chiyembekezo cha zotsatira bwino.

Kukhulupirira mwayi ndi kukhulupirira motsogoleredwa Mulungu

Miyambo ndi mawu amene amatchula mawu, nthawi zambiri nditaona kapena zokayikitsa, "anadalira mwina - kenako ndinazembera" kapena "Mwina ine ndikuganiza inde -. Abale, sleepers onse"

Choncho sitingathe kunena kuti mawu wotchuka ndi tinthu yotakata Russian moyo. Zabwino kapena zoipa chiyembekezo cha zabwino? Potengera tanthauzo la mwambi pamwamba, mwambi si zolimbikitsa kwambiri khalidwe chizindikiro cha ulesi, sloppiness, kupanda moyang'ana m'tsogolo.

Ngakhale nthawi zina mawu ndi kugunda kwa kanthu, kuitana si mantha ndi mavuto, kukhulupirira kuti onse adzatha bwino: "Mwina ife ndithyola, osati kutengeka, kodi asatayike" Apa ponena mawu "mwina" angaoneke ngati "Mulungu amathandiza" "mwayi ali kumbali yathu." Ngakhale ena amene akudziwika Mwambi limaleka kugula izi: "Mulungu amathandiza anthu amene kuthandiza okha."

Chifukwa kuitanira kugula thumba mauna thumba

Wina mankhwala a "avosya" - nsalu za ulusi amphamvu kosholka, imene nthawi Soviet anali pafupifupi kunyumba ndi ntchito ponyamula zakudya komanso zinthu zina sitolo ogulidwa. Akatswiri amanena kuti yaying'ono kanthu kakang'ono youmba mosavuta kupsa mu thumba lanu, akhoza kulimbana kulemera kwa makilogalamu 70.

Nthawi zambiri icho chinali kutchedwa gululi, koma chifukwa reprise wotchuka satirist Arkadiya Raykina anapatsidwa dzina chachiwiri. "Ndipo ichi, comrades, chingwe chikwama! Ndipo ndili chinachake akatenge "- anachereza omvera ndi mbuye lalikulu la akuti luso AKUYENDA siteji ndi kathumba kanthu. Oseketsa dzina monga izo zinachitika kwa anthu ndipo wakhala dzina banja zinthu zothandiza pa moyo wawo.