Lamulo la tracert lidzakuthandizani kupeza vuto lakulankhulana

Lamulo la tracert limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa chidziwitso chodziwitsa chomwe chimayendetsa njira ya magalimoto yomwe imadutsa mumtunda. Pulogalamuyi ilipo muzinthu zamakono zamakono. Zogwiritsiridwa ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakuyesera ndi kuzindikira malo ovuta pa intaneti.

Kodi lamulo la tracert liwone chiyani?

Tracert imatumiza zopempha ku malo omwe akupita ngati lamulo la ping. Podziwa kuti wolembayo wasindikiza lamulo tracert, Windows imatumiza mapaketi apadera omwe, atatha ku chipata choyamba, amabwezeretsedwa ku kompyuta ya wosuta. Pankhaniyi, deta yolandizidwa ili ndi chidziwitso chokhudza node yomwe inaibwezera. Pambuyo pake, pempho lotsatiridwa limatumizidwa, mu thupi limene pali kale malangizo oti tuluke ku chipata chake chapita.

Kutumiza kwa mapepalati kumakulolani kuti mupeze njira yodalirika yopatsira chidziwitso kuchokera ku kompyuta ya wosuta kupita ku intaneti iliyonse kapena intaneti. Choncho, lamulo la tracert limakhala chida chofunika kwambiri kuti mudziwe mavuto, ndikulolani kuzindikira malo omwe mapeti akutayika.

Kuthamanga lamulo la tracert mu Windows

Mutha kuyendetsa Network Route Check pogwiritsa ntchito Windows kuchokera mzere wa mzere. Mu machitidwe a pansipa pansipa 8, kuti mutsegule mzere wazowonjezera, dinani "Yambani-Thamani" ndipo lembani cmd. Mu Windows 8, muyenera kupeza masewera a "Onse Mapulogalamu" ndikupeza chinthu "Lamulo la Lamulo" pamenepo. Mu machitidwe onse a OS, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito Win + R.

Kamodzi mu mzere wa lamulo, muyenera kulowa tracert domen.ru, kumene m'malo mwa domen.ru mukhoza kufotokoza dzina lililonse kapena adiresi ya IP. Izi zidzayamba ntchito ndi machitidwe omwe alipo.

Tracert malamulo makiyi

Yoyambitsidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito bwino, lamulo la tracert lili ndi kufotokozera mafungulo. Mutha kuitcha pokhapokha mukulemba lamulo la tracert ndi-? Njira.

Pano pali kufotokozera mwachidule za magawo omwe lamulo la tracert limathandizira:

• -i imatchula kuchulukitsa chiwerengero cha masinthidwe omwe angachitidwe pofufuza node yomaliza.
• -daletsa gululo kuyesa kutembenuza adilesi ya IP ya chipata chapakati kukhala dzina.
• -j ikulolera kugwiritsa ntchito mwaulere njira yotsatira mndandanda wa nodes. Mawotchi opitirira 9 angatchulidwe.
• -mgwiritsiridwa ntchito kufotokozera nthawi yolindira yankho kuchokera ku mfundo. Ngati palibe yankho lolandiridwa, asterisk idzawonetsedwa. Imafotokozedwa milliseconds.

Mwachidziwitso, chiwerengero chachikulu cha jumps ndi chochepa kwa 30, ndipo nthawi yolindira ndi masekondi 4.

Analog mu Linux

Ogwiritsa ntchito ma Linux amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ntchito zambiri kuposa lamulo la tracert. Amatchedwa traceroute. Kugwiritsa ntchitoku kumasiyana ndi analog ya Windows pakupezeka kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imayikidwa kugwiritsa ntchito magawo.

Lamulo la tracertroute ndi-ndikusintha likuyendetsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ICMP. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti ntchitoyi ikufuna ufulu woweruza. Ndizimene zimakhazikitsidwa m'magawidwe ambiri, kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo la tracertroute likhoza kuchitidwa ndi aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito. Pankhaniyi, iwo amagwiritsa ntchito UDP-phukusi, mukhoza kulimbikitsanso ntchito kuti muwafotokozere iwo pogwiritsa ntchito -U njira.

Asterisks mu kuchotsa njira

Nthaŵi zambiri lamulo la tracert kapena analog yake ya Linux m'malo amodzi amasonyeza m'malo mwa zomwe zimayankhidwa ndi nambala ya nyenyezi. Musaganize izi ngati cholakwika. Izi zikutanthauza chinthu chimodzi chokha: router inayake sanayankhe pa pempho la nthawi yapadera. Palibe choipa mu izi, chifukwa pangakhale zifukwa zambiri. Mmodzi mwa iwo ndi kukhazikitsa ziwotchi kapena zochitika zina zotetezera zomwe zimalepheretsa ndime zina.

Kodi ndiyenera kudziwa chiyani za njira yopita kumsewu?

Tracert ndi lamulo lomwe ndilofunika kwambiri pofufuza mavuto a pamtundu. Komabe, ndi bwino kuganizira kuti ndi kosavuta kulakwitsa pakuganizira zotsatira za lamulo la tracert. Choncho, simukusowa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera mavuto.

Chifukwa china chimene chithunzichi chimangosonyeza molakwika mwachindunji ndi kusiyana kwa njira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mapepala pa intaneti m'njira ina. Kawirikawiri, phukusi lotumizidwa ndi wosuta ku seva likudutsa mu mfundo imodzi, ndipo imabwereranso - yosiyana kwambiri.

Phukusi la kuchedwa kumene likupezeka mu tracert kapena traceroute zotsatira sizikugwirizana ndi kuchedwa kwa maphukuti othawa. Izi ndi chifukwa cha zomwe akupanga pa router. Choncho, kuti muwatsogolere, muyenera kuŵerenga bwino lomwe zotsatira za lamulo, zomwe ziri zovuta kwambiri.

MTR Utility

Pulogalamu ya MTR ilipo m'mabaibulo ambiri opangira machitidwe. Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ikufanana kwambiri ndi lamulo la traceroute. Imafufuzira mfundo yomwe yapatsidwa kwa nthawi inayake, pamene ikuloleza kukonza kusintha kwa kuchedwa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Windows kumatchedwa WinMTR ndipo kumaperekedwa kwaulere.

Wogwiritsa ntchito wapatsidwa mwayi wogwira ntchito ndi mawonekedwe owonetsera momwe angatchulire adiresi ya IP kapena dera la node yoyenera, kuti ayambe kusonkhanitsa ziwerengero. Kawirikawiri, kuti musanthule, muyenera kutumiza mapepala 100 osachepera.

Ogwiritsa ntchito Linux adzafunikanso kukhazikitsa MTR kuphatikizapo zolembera. Machitidwewa ogwiritsira ntchito nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito makina othandizira. Zosankha zosiyanasiyana zimapezeka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, kukulolani kufotokoza chiwerengero cha mapepala omwe angatumize, kulemba lipoti ku fayilo, ndi nthawi yopuma. Ndiponso, Baibulo la Linux lingagwiritse ntchito mapepala enieni kapena mapaketi a TCP kuti ayesedwe.

Kodi ndizitumizira chiyani ku ISP kuti ndizindikire mavuto a pakompyuta?

Wotsogolera wa seva kapena wothandizira, monga lamulo, ndi bwino kutumiza traceroute, ping ndi mauthenga opangira mauthenga a MTR. Mukhoza, yesetsani kuchita zokhazokha, koma podziwa zambiri, zimakhala zosavuta kuti katswiri adziwe ndikukonza vutoli.