Mutu ndi njira chiphunzitso zachuma

Economics ndi malo a ntchito kuti alenge katundu auzimu ndiponso akuthupi kukwaniritsa zofuna ambiri osiyanasiyana a anthu.

Mutu ndi njira chiphunzitso zachuma zophunzirira asapita umoyo ndi zachuma pakati pa anthu mu ndondomeko ya kugawa, kupanga kuwombola ndi kumwa mankhwala ndi chithandizo. Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane nkhani ya chiphunzitso zachuma, ndilo dera la yogawa ndi kupanga katundu phunziro kwa zopinga gwero. Bwino kusonyeza zenizeni zachuma chiphunzitso chuma kumafuna sayansi ambiri osiyana: zachuma ambiri, amene amafufuza wonse chitukuko zachuma ndi ziphunzitso chastnoekonomicheskie amene amaphunzira mbali ya malo chuma, monga zachuma ntchito, ziwerengero kasamalidwe, chiphunzitso ya zachuma, kuwerengera , malonda, zachuma ulimi ndi makampani. Udindo wa mkulu wa zachuma chiphunzitso amati chuma ndale, chiphunzitso cha zachuma zamoyo zinachita, ndi ena.

Poganizira nkhani ndi njira chiphunzitso zachuma, sitingathe kunena kuti ikufotokoza malamulo a zachuma kuti kuonjezera dzuwa, chuma kukula, ntchito zonse, ufulu chuma, khola mtengo msinkhu, chuma, kuwapatsa kufalitsa ndalama, muyezo wa malonda.

Njira yaikulu ya chuma monga: sayansi abstraction, kusanthula ndi kaphatikizidwe, kusanthula Mkhalidwe ndi kachulukidwe, kuonetsetsa ndi kuyesera, ndi ena ambiri.

Zimenezi, mawu ambiri, nkhani ndi njira chiphunzitso zachuma.

Tsopano pali zosiyanasiyana maphunziro ndi kuphunzitsa othandiza. Mu zachuma mabuku nthawi zambiri tikhoza kupeza dzina la mutu kapena gawo "njira Mutu ndi chiphunzitso zachuma", ndipo ndife opanda tchimo - analipira msonkho mwambo, ngakhale zimenezi si zoona kwathunthu. Zikanakhala bwino kulemba "Nkhani ndi njira chiphunzitso zachuma", chifukwa palibe umodzi, mbeta, konsekonse njira mu zachuma. Ambiri a iwo, zovuta lonse, ndipo ife tikuyang'ana pa iwo tsopano.

Njira - njira kafukufuku, njira ya nzeru chuma, kumvetsa vuto la zachuma. chiphunzitso Economics zachokera njira zotsatirazi: wamba (mwachidule, kuonerera, poyerekezera gulu), kusanthula patsogolo ndi kaphatikizidwe njira kachulukidwe ndi Mkhalidwe, mbiri yakale komanso lomveka mawerengeredwe, formalization ndi ena.

Mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha chiphunzitso zachuma Iwo akhoza kutichitira magawo angapo, kuyambira nthawi yakale Greek:

1) amakedzana: chikhazikitso kusanthula chibadidwe Plato, Aristotle Ksenofontom (V-IV m'ma BC), anaphunzira dongosolo kapolo, ang'onoang'ono ulimi ;

2) nthawi ya feudalism, imene ankaphunzira chiŵerengero cha masoka ndi chofunika chuma, kuyamikira ntchito anapatsidwa ntchito, mgwirizano pakati pa minda;

3) nthawi ya bourgeois chuma ndale: ndi mercantilists (16 TH - 17 TH m'ma) tcheru kwambiri dera la makope; chakale ndale chuma (17 TH - 19 TH m'ma) zogwirizana ndi dera la ulimi wa chuma, choyamba - mu ulimi kenako m'mafakitale ena. Asayansi-chuma cha nthawi iyi ndi chiphunzitso cha mtengo ;

4) chitukuko cha chuma ndale za ntchito: mu Marxism, dongosolo la zachuma ndi kusanthula ku mawonedwe a zinthu za kalasi ntchito. Pamaziko a Marxism kuoneka demokalase chikhalidwe ndi Leninism;

5) Zaka 20: neoclassicism anafufuza mitengo ndi bwino mu njira msika; zikamera wa boma okhawo bizinesi, Keynesianism, wa liberalism.

M'zaka khumi zapitazi monga: institutionalism; pambuyo mafakitale kusamalila; chiphunzitso cha kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zachuma.