"M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo": Analysis An. Nekrasov, "M'mbuyo pakhomo kutsogolo"

Imodzi mwa ntchito wotchuka lalikulu Russian ndakatulo Nikolai Nekrasov - ndakatulo "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo," amene kusanthula ndi yofunika wosaiwalika sukulu. Lidalembedwa 1858. Onse wolemba ndakatulo mawu ali zinapatsira ndi kumvera chisoni kuvutika kwa anthu Russian, koma "Kuganiza ..." ndi chopangitsa timapitiriza leitmotif izi.

mchitidwe reflexing

The ndondomeko ya kusinkhasinkha, kusinkhasinkha, akusunsa ndi mbali ya mabuku kwambiri Russian. Pafupifupi andakatulo onse kutsogolera ankafunika ntchito pansi pa dzina la "Duma". Wokwanira kukumbukira ndi "Ulendo ku St. Petersburg ku Moscow» Radishchev kapena "Moscow - Petushki" Yerofeyev. Malinga mtheradi ndi kalembedwe uyu yekha Russian mabuku a "maganizo kwambiri" iye analemba ntchito Nekrasov. "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo" mogwirizana oyenera ganizo mabuku ndi nzeru za anthu.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Amadziwika kuti ndakatulo khalidwe zidutswa - iye khomo lalikulu - analipo kwenikweni. Zinali ndakatulo wake Russian anaonerera tsiku lililonse kwa zenera wake. Ndipo nthawi zambiri zinayamba kale umboni tsiku pakhomo uyu anali khamu amene anali kudikira chisomo kulandiridwa ndi zopempha zawo ndi chiyembekezo, kuphatikizapo "nkhalamba yakale, ndi mkazi wamasiye." Kamodzi anawona kudzifutukula chithunzi, anadwala mu ndakatulo wake "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo."

Komabe, chifukwa, zinam'chititsa kuti akonze tsiku ananena chitsanzo. Ambiri, mbali ina ya ndakatulo Nekrasov ndi filimuyi. Amayesetsa kugwila moona chinamudolola mwambo wake kapena kudabwa iye ndi munthu. Apanso izo zinalembedwa anakantha mfundo wolemba, amene okhala mu kukumbukira. "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo," Khadili Mosiyana zake zabwino kusonyeza kuya wodzala zinachitikira wolemba.

wakuda

Kamodzi Nekrasov anaona kunja pa zenera, mu m'mene angatetezedwe ndi pakhomo pandunji anasonkhanitsa oyimira owona a mtundu Russian - amuna amene ntchito ku munda, alimi mkate, osati extensors kumbuyo. Iye movingly limafotokoza petitioners awa amene amapemphera ku mpingo, "alenjeka lagolide mutu pamtima." Komabe, palibe amene akukhudza tsoka ndipo akupempha kuti dzanja chachikulu cha Russia, palibe mmodzi akufuna kutilepheretsa kumwamba wake osasamala moyo woterowo otchulidwa yonyansa, maonekedwe awo ndi kuchonderera kwawo. Wamba, thupi la dziko Russian, amene kutamandidwa Nekrasov ndi ndakatulo zina zopambana ndi olemba, ndi hotela anaitana khamu la anthu ziwembu zopulula okha glancing pa odezhy awo leaky.

Lingaliro la m'mphawi Russian sanasiye Nekrasov ndipo ankaganiza kuphatikizapo ndakatulo "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo." Analysis Malemba amasonyeza bwanji maganizo kusafuna wolemba ndakatulo ndi kulephera kwa anthu wamba kudziteteza. Alimi sadziwa ufulu wawo amakakamizidwa kuti akhale ofuna. Kuya kwa subordination uyu anali bwinobwino Nekrasov. "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo," kutsimikizira izo zonse mawu.

The protagonist - anthu

Porter, wophunzitsidwa kwa zaka zambiri ntchito mu maudindo awo yapamwamba, wophunzitsidwa yomweyo kumvetsetsa amene iye akukumana ndi zimene munthu ayenera phwando. Nthawi yomweyo anaona kuti petitioners ndi 'zonyansa pamaso pa "kuti" armyachishka kutsamira pa mapewa ake. " Mu mwatsatanetsatane, ndi chifundo chachikulu, motetezeka, tinganene mwachikondi Nekrasov limafotokoza maonekedwe a wotopa ntchito yambiri ndi yaitali ndi anthu.

Koma kulenga fano yabata yomweyo akuswa mwano "chikwapu" ndipo pomwepo akutsatiridwa ndi mtsutso mwatsatanetsatane "ife sindimakonda gulu lachiwawa ovutika". Ngati chikwapu amene wakumenya, "anamenyetsa chitseko". Kwambiri yokhudza kuwalitsa pafupifupi m'mbiri ya anthu Russian, chiyembekezo ndi zokhumudwitsa awo, Nekrasov anasonyeza m'chiganizo chimodzi, limatiuza owerenga kuti KOSHLAY ndi petitioners 'dzikolo. " Komabe, kuti "Taphunzira mite" kuti amuna akhoza apeza ndalama ndithu nthawi sanali analemekeza ngakhale Mwachidule pang'ono Switzerland. N'zachidziwikire kuti khobiri achisoni, ndipo munthu kwa iye - thukuta lake ndi magazi. Izi zinapatsira ndi "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo," mutu wa ndakatuloyi - ndi kuvutika kwa anthu.

Mwini zipinda zapamwamba

Njira yofunika ya ndakatulo "Malingaliro ..." ndi kusiyana kwa iwo akumpempha ndipo iwo akumpempha. Nekrasov Kudandaula munthu amene "sakonda gulu ovutika", ali pafupifupi magawo atatu a ntchito. Iye amadzitcha izo "mwiniwake wa zipinda zapamwamba", wolemba ndakatulo akufotokoza moyo wake lonena chabe, timangopeza zinthu monga "kukopana, kususuka, masewera." Ndipo moyo uwu, wolemba anakwiya, iye amakhulupirira "enviable" Iye ali "odala", koma chifukwa "makutu abwino." Wa m'banja lachifumu anapita mu ndakatulo "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo" si mwangozi, ndi tsoka lake lidzakhala wosasangalala.

Wolemba ndakatulo anamutcha kuti chikumbumtima chake, kulankhula kwa anthu amene "chipulumutso" zikhoza kukhala. Koma ndiye wolemba ankaoneka kuti achire, funso zambiri kuti: "Kodi mukufuna anthu osauka" chisoni zimene zinachitikira anthu, limene Nekrasov zoyenera ntchito yake, za wamba Russian, iye infiltrates ndime iliyonse wosakwatiwa, zotsatirazi za moyo waluntha zipinda mwini. Iye ananena kuti palibe malo oterowo pa nthaka Russian, kulikonse iye anamva kulilira munthu. Kuwawa kwa moyo wake Nekrasov wakuzidwa kubwereza kwa mawu akuti "kubuula". Ndi ku mneni izi, komanso okondedwa malinga ndi wolemba limafotokoza maganizo ake chachikulu cha anthu. Chisoni, litapakidwa ndakatulo wake "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo," ndi kusanthula maganizo a anthu wamba amalimbikitsa kulabadira izo.

Chiyembekezo cha chisoni chosatha

Pamapeto pake ndakatuloyi ndi lodzala ndi kuyitana, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kufunsa anthu amene wolemba wodzipereka kwa luso lake. Pa nkhani imeneyi, kuitana phokoso kugona motif, khola mofanana cholinga tibuwula, amene ndakatulo Nekrasov a zikumveka likunena ndipo zonse. The motif tulo poyerekezera ndi munthu zikutanthauza kuitana kudzuka. Mokhudzana ndi olemekezeka, iye akuneneratu mapeto. Mosiyana amenewa ntchito motif wina timapitiriza kusiyana waukulu mankhwala. The lingaliro lalikulu la "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo" ndicho kusonyeza kusiyana osati otchulidwa kokha, komanso zenizeni za miyoyo yawo.

Ananyamula kudzera lingaliro la chifundo

changu chanu cha kwa anthu, amene Nekrasov odzipereka pafupifupi ntchito zake zonse kumachititsanso ndi chokuchitikirani kwambiri munthu. Nkhanza za atate wake, disinheritance Nekrasov polima m'banda ndi choonadi woipa wa moyo. Ndi zaka 16 anakakamizika kupeza yekha ndipo anadziwa mamawa m'mene dziko ntchito. Ovuta kwambiri anatenga chakuti alimi, amene miyoyo akhala kuletsedwa ndi kuopa kulimbana kosatha kupulumuka, analibe ngakhale amaikira kumbuyo ufulu wawo m'mene angatetezedwe ndi kukhala amadalira maganizo ngakhale nduna yaikulu ndi atumiki awo. Zonsezi m'gulu digiri ina mu "M'mbuyo kuchokera kutsogolo," zomwe mwina dongosolo anabadwa patapita nthawi yaitali.