Migodi: ziwerengero

Makampani ano migodi, momwe malonda makamaka, posachedwapa ndithu kwambiri kuchuluka kukopa kwake pa zachuma. Pa nthawi, izo zimatengera 5 malo mu kusanja madera waukulu mafakitale, kenako kompyuta, mankhwala, mafuta ndi gasi ndi kumabungwe kubanki. Russian makampani migodi ndi imodzi mwa yaikulu komanso amakhudza kwambiri pa chitukuko cha dera limeneli wonse.

gawo Izi zikuphatikizapo ndi kuchuluka kwa zomera zing'onozing'ono zomwe achitezo m'zigawo za mchere (dongo, Mica, asibesitosi, graphite munda potaziyamu potashi, laimu, diamondi, malasha, ureniamu miyala, zitsulo, mfulu ndi tsinde zitsulo, ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana mchere yomanga). M'zigawo mpweya ndi mafuta nthawi zambiri imanenanso kuti makampani migodi. chitukuko ndi onse mobisa (migodi) poyera (ntchito) njira.

Pa zaka zapitazi 6 makampani migodi wawuka kwa malo 24 kuti 5 pakati pa mafakitale ŵa mu dziko. Makampani akuluakulu ndi zambiri mizu udindo waukulu ku zachuma (Rio Tinto, Vale).

Pakali pano, palibe dziko lili buku okwana mitundu yonse mu dziko la miyala ndi mchere. Only 10 iwo, amene ali atsogoleri chiwerengero cha malasha kunja, ndi kubala 35 mitundu ya mankhwala mchere. Pakati pawo, Canada, South Africa, India, Brazil, Australia, USA, China ndi Russia. Komabe, kumwa makampani kupanga chosasintha utsogoleri amasunga China.

M'maiko a "periphery" malonda migodi ndi za 2.5% wa makope onse a maiko otukuka chithunzi ichi ranges ku 12 peresenti 16. Wa maiko a ku Ulaya, kokha Denmark, Netherlands, Norway ndi Bulgaria bwino akupangidwa mafakitale.

Chile, Russia, Australia, South Africa ndi Canada amapanga pamwamba zisanu atsogoleri a dziko makampani migodi. Ndi udindo wa gawo mu chuma izi chawonjezeka zayamba zaposachedwapa ndi nkhani pafupifupi 15%.

Iron miyalayo, mkuwa, malasha - zachilengedwe, chifukwa chimene mayiko anayamba ndi ndalama zambiri chifukwa cha m'ma 65%.

Mu 2011 makampani migodi lonse kuchuluka kupanga ake ndi 6%.

Wotchedwa zikuchitika tsopano lino mu makampani padziko lonse migodi kungakhale isanayambike otchedwa "m'nyengo yatsopano". Koma, mwatsoka, pali mfundo zina zabwino: kuchuluka mtengo kuwonjezeka chifukwa chosowa antchito aluso, m'pofunika kukhala munda ndi m'matangadza mokwanira ang'ono ndi otsika-quality, angagwiritse migodi akadali mtengo, kuyambira malo kupanga sizingafanane ndi ili patsogolo kuchokera m'mizinda ikuluikulu .

Chifukwa, tikamanena kuti makampani migodi dziko amadalira kwambiri zochita za mayiko omwe akutukuka (makamaka China monga ogula yaikulu katundu wa malonda). A kuwonjezeka kwambiri kufunika anachititsa chipwirikiti, Brazil, Indonesia, India. Komanso kumbukirani za chakuti United States akwaniritsa ayambe chuma chake ndipo adakali mmodzi wa ogula waukulu. deta onse pamwamba amapereka chiyembekezo kwa mtendere wa chuma dziko m'munda wa migodi, koma chiopsezo nthawi zonse. Pa nthawi, kugula katundu alipo akufuna kumanga anu. Komabe, kwa ungwiro waphindu ndi yosavuta kampani migodi bwino kuganizira njira zopititsira patsogolo zinthu scanned m'malo yo manga zatsopano.