Meyerhold Vsevolod Emilevich - wotsogolera-experimentalist

Meyerhold Vsevolod Emilevich - wotchuka Russian ndi Soviet filimu wotsogolera ndi wosewera, yotamandika kwambiri ed chithunzi. Palibe anthu ambiri kulenga amene akhoza kudzitama amenewa yonena wolemera, ngati Meyerhold.

zaka zoyambirira

Meyerhold Vsevolod Emilevich anabadwa mu 1874 mu mzinda Russian wa pumice m'banja osauka Chijeremani Lutheran Ayuda. Real dzina - Karl Kasimir Theodor Meyergold. A akuthandiza kwambiri pa mapangidwe ndi chitukuko ya Charles mmenemo chikondi cha zisudzo anali mayi - Alvin Danilovna. Iye bungwe madzulo nyimbo ndi zisudzo improvised, imene ana ake onse anapezeka.

Phunziro kunapatsidwa kwa Karl zovuta kwambiri. Iye anakhala kangapo pa chaka chachiwiri, kotero maphunziro mochedwa kwambiri. Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale anayamba Moscow University ndi cholinga cha kupeza digiri malamulo. Mu chaka chomwecho, munthu akafika zaka ambiri (zaka 21), Carl wasankha m'malo nzika Prussian ku Russian. Iye adanyerezera kusanduza dzina. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, inali kudziŵika Vsevolod, komanso wolemba amalikonda Garshin. Pamodzi ndi dzina la kusintha pang'ono ndi dzina. Mogwirizana ndi malamulo a chinenero cha Chirasha tsopano zikumveka ngati Meyerhold.

Mu zaka wophunzira Meyerhold kukwatira anzake Olga Munt. Pakutha maphunziro anga a ku yunivesite anabereka mwana woyamba.

Ntchito pa Moscow Art Theater

Kuyambira chaka cha 1898, Meyerhold Vsevolod Emilevich ayamba kutumikira mu gululo wa Moscow Art Theatre. Kumeneko anakumana ndi sukulu maganizo zisudzo, koma sitingakhoze kugwirizana ndi ziphunzitso zake ndi kumulandira Iye.

Pa ntchito ya Moscow Art Theatre, iye watenga mbali mu chuma monga "Imfa ya Ivan m'khutu," "The Malonda a Venice," "Antigone," "Lonely Achite," "The mbalameyi," "Zitatu Sisters." Komabe, kusakhutira ndi dongosolo Stanislavsky chimachititsa izo kutuluka zikuchokera ndi gululo kusiya zisudzo.

"Association of seweroli"

Popeza 1902, akuyamba wodziimira kulenga ntchito Meyerhold. Iye anasamukira ku dziko lake, kumene kwa zaka ziwiri amachita ntchito awiri: wosewera ndi wotsogolera. Nthawi imeneyi, wagwira ntchito ku makampani akuluakulu zisudzo.

Ngakhale pa ntchito yake m'mizinda akuzigawo monga Nikolaev ndi Sevastopol, iwo unapangidwa bungwe ndi situdiyo "Association of seweroli", mutu umene unali Meyerhold.

Wambiri ya wotsogolera ndi wolemera mu zochitika. Nditabwerera ku Moscow mu 1905, analandira kupereka kwa Stanislavsky kuyamba utumiki mu situdiyo Theatre pa Cook. Pamodzi ndi zisudzo za situdiyo mwake nawo sewerolo "Imfa Tentazhilya" pa kusewera ndi M. Maeterlinck. Choncho, Meyerhold anakwanitsa kuphatikiza sewero ndi kuvina, komanso kupanga nyimbo choyambirira ndi mitundu. Koma Patangotha miyezi isanu ndi chiyambi cha Stanislavsky anakana kupitiriza kuyesera ndi zisudzo awo anakonza situdiyo komwe anakagwira ntchito Meyerhold kutsekedwa.

Yobu St. Petersburg

Mu kugwa kwa 1906 anayamba St. Petersburg nthawi Meyerhold. Iye analandira ndi makampani kukhala wotsogolera wamkulu wa Drama Theatre, limene linakonzedwa ndi Vera Fedorovna Komissarzhevskaya.

Komabe, mkulu Meyerhold amafuna kuyesa dzanja lanu osati kupanga masewero kwambiri. Kuti adziwe misonkhano ya siteji ya masewera, Chilombocho pantomimes angapo. Pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa zithunzi amenewa ndi kuyamba kulemba ena zochitika zapadera.

Pamene ankagwira ntchito St. Petersburg Vsevolod Meyerhold saiwala za chikondi chake masewero pa siteji. Monga wosewera, iye watenga mbali mu masewero zoterezi ndi kuvina zisudzo. Mwachitsanzo, mu 1910 ankaimba udindo wa Pierrot mu ulaliki wa Mihaila Fokina "Carnival".

Pang'onopang'ono zisudzo Meyerhold anayamba kutuluka powonekera owonetsera European. Chinthu choyamba panjira anatchuka anali kuvina "Pisanello", umene ankachitika ku muholo du Chatelet ku Paris.

China chofunika kuwamaliza kukhudza. Meyerhold Vsevolod Emilevich anali mmodzi wa ojambula zithunzi amene anathandiza October kuukira boma.

Zisudzo Meyerhold (TIM)

Mu 1924 kwenikweni zisudzo lake bungwe. Iye amakhala ndi mwayi, pamodzi ndi kampani kupita kunja pa ulendo. Iwo kumayiko monga Germany, England, France, Italy, Czechoslovakia.

Ndi mu TIM anali woyamba amene ankachitika masewero chakale cha m'ma XIX. Pakati pawo wotchuka "Inspector" Gogol ndi "Forest" ndi Alexander Ostrovsky. Ntchito pa iwo anali siteji wapadera mu mbiri kulenga ya Meyerhold. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zosangalatsa kwambiri ndi satirical, Phwando Russian thandala ankagwiritsa ntchito. Ndiyamika talente yake kwa wotsogolera Meyerhold anali wokhoza kuyatsa mutu wake danga siteji.

Zimene wake ankachititsa, ndi pa masewero ano. Chiganizo latsopano kunaoneka ndi otsutsa ndi magulu monga zinachitika mochititsa manyazi.

N'zoonekeratu kuti zinthu zimenezi wotsogolera experimenter sanathe ngati boma panopa, chifukwa ntchito yake si woyenera mu chimango cha luso latsopano. Choncho, mmasate wake mochedwa, ngati ambiri a m'nthawi yake, anazunzidwa. Iye anawomberedwa mu February 1940.