Mawerengedwe a mphamvu m'madera magetsi

chipangizo chamagetsi aliyense magetsi yodziwika ndi magawo angapo zofunika, Pakati oveteredwa voteji, panopa ndi mphamvu. Nthawi zina pepala deta ndi chinaneneratu mphamvu ndi voteji, panopa Pankhaniyi mosavuta anapeza pogwiritsa ntchito odziwika mitunduyi Ohm a (kumene, nambala ya zosungitsa - mwachitsanzo, ayenera kudziwika Ko). N'zosiyana ndi woona: podziwa pano ndi voteji, n'zotheka kuchita mphamvu mawerengedwe. Maukonde lonse ali zambiri zakuthupi pankhaniyi, koma ambiri a iwo anafuna kuti akatswiri.

Tiyeni tione tanthauzo la mawu akuti "magetsi", kodi mitundu yake ndi kupanga mphamvu mawerengedwe. The kuthupi mphamvu limasonyeza bwanji mwamphamvu kwabasi (chipangizo) Mphamvu kutembenuka chimachitika wina kapena mtundu wina wa ntchito zothandiza. Ndicho mophweka! Mawu akuti "ntchito" zikuoneka kuti ntchito chimodzimodzi zipangizo sanali magetsi.

Kulekana magetsi anatengera, chimene pali yogwira ndi zotakasika mphamvu. Woyamba mwachindunji n'kukhala ntchito zothandiza Choncho, amaona yaikulu. Unit ndi W ndi ena ofanana -. Kilowatt, Megawatt etc. izo imaonekera pa zipangizo banja. Ngakhale izi sizitanthauza kuti palibe chigawo zotakasika. Zikatero, wachiwiri - ndi osafunika, popeza kukhazikitsa ntchito satenga mbali, ndipo anakhala pa zosiyanasiyana zomvetsa. Anayeza "var" (Volt ampere zotakasika) ndi ena ofanana - kilovolt-ampere zotakasika etc. Kuchuluka kwa zigawo yogwira ndi zotakasika kupanga mphamvu zonse (Volt-amperes VA).

A chitsanzo chapadera cha wosuta ndi resistive katundu wangwiro - ndi chotenthetsera magetsi. Podutsa izo ndi magetsi ndi kwaiye ndi kutentha, ndipo malinga mwachindunji. Mofananamo, amachita a zotakasika mphamvu ogula - tingachipeze powerenga thiransifoma. Pamene ntchito yake windings ndi kutitengera maginito zomwe palokha Sikuti (ntchito mu atomu kupatsidwa ulemu katundu). Phata maginito ndi maginito, zomvetsa zimachitika. Mu mawu ena:

Q = U Ine tchimo Fi,

pamene tchimo Fi - ndi sine ya njingayo pakati panopa ndi voteji. chizindikiro umadalira pa chikhalidwe cha katundu (capacitive kapena inductive).

mphamvu mawerengedwe akuyamba ndi kudziwa mtundu panopa: zonse kapena variable, monga mitunduyi si konsekonse.

Mbali yoyamba, chifukwa cha lamulo chakale Ohm a. Mphamvu P ndi mankhwala a Ine panopa pa U voteji:

P = Ine U (W = A * B).

Pamene dera gwero mphamvu n'komwe malangizo a EMF kuti: ndikofunikira kuti mawerengedwe a impedance gwero. Choncho, jenereta kapena batire limene panopa mukutulutsa "-" kuti "+", kupereka mphamvu ku dera katundu, amatumiza mphamvu. Ngati otaya panopa uli wotsutsa ku ntchito kuthekera (batire adzapereke), ndiye mphamvu mayamwidwe emf gwero.

Mphamvu mawerengedwe chilinganizo cha munthu AC (unyolo osakwatiwa-gawo) nkhani koyefishienti - "mphamvu zimenezi." Akuimira yogwira mphamvu zikuluzikulu za chiŵerengero kwa chonse pamodzi. Mwachionekere, mu nkhani ya Tan cosine ndi wofanana ndi 1 (wangwiro), popeza palibe chigawo zotakasika. Apo ayi, kuchepetsa zomvetsa pa mbali jenereta ntchito mfundo zosiyanasiyana Kukuza kapena zina zothetsera luso.

Choncho:

P = U Ine Ko Fi.

Yowerengera mphamvu madera atatu gawo imagwiridwa kwa gawo lirilonse, ndiponso makhalidwe chifukwa ndiye mwachidule. AC mphamvu akuoneka kuchita masamu ngati muzu lalikulu la Uwerenge mabwalo a zigawo yogwira ndi zotakasika. Pakuti kupoletsa zipangizo (substation) n'kofunika kwambiri kudziwa mphamvu ndendende zonse, monga amasankhidwa pa maziko a izi, zinthu zina zonse kutsatira unyolo. N'zoonekeratu kuti nthawi zambiri n'zosatheka kudziwa pasadakhale chikhalidwe cha katundu.