Mphamvu yokoka: chofunikira ndi yothandiza

Mwamtheradi zonse za thupi chuma, kukhala mwachindunji pa Dziko Lapansi ndi m'chilengedwe chonse, zonse azifunana. chakuti mogwirizana imeneyi Tingaone kapena maganizo ayi zonse, basi limanena kuti kukopa ndi mu milandu makamaka, ndi ofooka.

Zimachitika pakati pa matupi zakuthupi, amene ali pofuna zonse kwa wina ndi mzake, monga mwa mawu zofunika thupi amatchedwa yokoka, pamene chodabwitsa cha mphamvu yokoka - yokoka.

Chodabwitsa kukoka ndi zotheka chifukwa mozungulira mwamtheradi aliyense zinthu zokhudzika (kuphatikizapo anthu padziko munthu) pali munda yokoka. Pofunika ndi mtundu wapadera wa nkhaniyi, kanthu chimene kanthu angatetezere ndi kudzera thupi amachita pa wina ndi mzake, kuchititsa mathamangitsidwe wa pakati pa gwero kumunda. Ndi munda yokoka maziko anakonza mu 1682 ndi zachilengedwe British ndi nzeru zapamwamba I. malamulo Newton okokera pansi konsekonse.

Cholinga chenicheni cha chilamulo ichi ndi mphamvu yokoka, kumene monga momwe taonera, palibe chirichonse, chifukwa cha zotsatira za m'munda yokoka pa nthawi imodzi kapena bungwe lina zakuthupi. Lamulo la mphamvu yakukoka kwagona kuti mphamvu zimene kukondana matupi padziko lapansi ndi m'mlengalenga, zimadalira mankhwala a ambirimbiri matupi awa, ndipo inversely zokhudzana ndi mtunda pakati pa zinthu deta.

Choncho, mphamvu yokoka, tanthauzo la zomwe zapatsidwa ndi Newton, kumatengera zifukwa ziwiri zazikulu - unyinji wa matupi zimavuta ndi kutalika therebetween.

Kutsimikizira kuti zodabwitsazi zimadalira unyinji wa mankhwala angapezeke pofufuza mogwirizana a Dziko Lapansi ndi matupi yozungulira. Atangochoka Newton ena odziwika wasayansi - Galileo - ali mokhutiritsa wasonyeza kuti ufulu kugwa kwa dziko lathu amakhazikitsa onse matupi ali mwamtheradi mathamangitsidwe chomwecho. Mwina yekha kukachitika kuti mphamvu yake yokoka ya thupi Padziko Lapansi zimadalira kulemera kwa thupi. Chifukwa, kwenikweni, mu nkhani iyi ndi kuwonjezeka mu unyinji wa nthawi pang'ono ndendende chinthu chomwecho zingawonjezere ndi kukakamiza kanthu yokoka, mathamangitsidwe ndi pa nthawi yomweyo kukhala sichinasinthe.

Tikapitiliza mfundo imeneyi ndi kuganizira mogwirizana kulikonse pakati matupi awiri pa pamwamba pa "buluu dziko", Ndizachidziwikire kuti aliyense wa iwo pa gawo lathu "Amayi Lapansi" ali limodzi ndi mphamvu. Pa nthawi yomweyo, modalira malamulo odziwika bwino, anakonza mu Newton yomweyo, ife tikhoza motsimikiza kuti ukulu wa mphamvu imeneyi kudzadalira kulemera kwa thupi, kotero mphamvu yokoka pakati matupi awa ali mu chiwerengero mwachindunji kwa mankhwala a misa zawo.

Pofuna kutsimikizira kuti mphamvu yake yokoka zimadalira ukulu wa kusiyana pakati pa matupi, Newton anayenera kubweretsa mu "wogwirizana" mwezi. Iwo kalekale zakhazikitsidwa kuti mathamangitsidwe ndi zomwe thupi gwa pansi ndi pafupifupi wofanana 9,8 m / s ^ 2, koma mathamangitsidwe centripetal la mwezi poyerekezera ndi dziko lapansi chifukwa cha mndandanda wa zinthu zatsopano anapezeka 0,0027 yekha m / s ^ 2.

Choncho, mphamvu yokoka - ndi thupi kuchuluka zofunika kwambiri, ndipo n'chifukwa chake ambiri mwa njira zikuchitika onse padziko lapansi lino ndi malo ozungulira.