Maofesi ndi utumiki ku Fatherland: akatswiri ofufuza. Kuprin, "The Duel"

Wolemba Wachirasha wotchuka Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin kuyambira ali mwana analota kukhala msilikali. Maloto abwino kwambiri oti akhale wotetezera wa Bamboland anamutsogolera mu 1880 kupita ku Moscow Second Cadet Corps, ndiyeno mu 1887 - ku Sukulu ya Military Alexandrov. Mu 1890, Lieutenant Kuprin anayamba ntchito yake mu 46th Dnieper Regiment. Ndipo mu 1894, pa udindo wa lieutenant, adasiyira ndi kusiya. Mwachiwonekere, chifukwa chochotseramo chiyenera kuyesedwa mukhumudwa chowawa, mwa kusagwirizana kwa zenizeni za asilikali a asilikali, ku ziyembekezo zolakalaka za apolisi.

Podziwa mbiri ya ankhondo, iye akubwezeretsa moona mtima ndikugwira ntchito yake kufufuza kwakukulu kwa Kuprin. "Duel" inafalitsidwa mu 1905.

Mavuto aakulu a nkhondo ya Imperial

Bungwe la tsarist lakumapeto kwa zaka zana ndi zisanu ndi zinayi ndi makumi asanu ndi anayi zoyambirira lidawonetsedwa m'khoti ndi olemba milandu. Kuprin anali wolimba mtima kuti amusonyeze kuti anali wodzichepetsa kwambiri, wosasamalidwa, osayang'anira mphamvu zomwe zakhala zikulimbana ndi mavuto ake. Ku mbali imodzi, asilikali anali asilikali osokonezeka maganizo operekedwa chilango. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, mtsogoleriyo anali ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti amenyane ndi msilikali ndi ndodo kapena kuti awononge m'nyumba yosungira alendo. Akuluakuluwo adalandira malipiro aang'ono ndipo adagwira ntchito yopusa. Kuprin amapereka ndondomeko yake yaikulu kwa kunyalanyaza chuma chachikulu cha nkhondo. "Duel" ikuwonetseratu kuti vutoli silinatuluke kunja, linaikidwa poyamba, bungwe. Mtsogoleri wa boma, Shulgovich, kuti athetsere, wina ayenera kufanana kwambiri ndi gulu lopunduka chotero. Iye kwenikweni ndi woyang'anira wachikondi, koma kuti akhale wokwanira kwa dongosolo, iye ayenera kukweza mawu ake kwa omvera ake, ndipo nthawizina amangodziyesa kukhala wonyenga. Ena mwa alonda kumeneko akukula moledzeretsa ndi nkhanza zosagonjetsedwa. Moyo wa magulu ankhondo amkhondo amachokera ku moyo wa anthu ena onse. Maere a apolisi akazi ndi miseche ndi mbewa zimakangana ndi banja. Chithunzi chosayembekezekacho chimatibweretsera kulingalira kwakukulu kwa chikhalidwe chomwe chafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi. Kuprin "Duel" adalemba ake, ngati wojambula, kuchokera ku chilengedwe. Mzinda wa Proskurov, kumene 46th Dnieper Infantry Regiment inakhazikitsidwa, umasonyezedwa mwatsatanetsatane, ambiri a anzake a Kuprin amasandulika kukhala magulu a nkhaniyi.

Mbiri ya nkhaniyo

"Kodi oyang'anira apamwamba mu gulu amamverera bwanji za iye?" Kuprin akuyamba kufufuza kwake pamwamba. "Duel" imatiwuza kwa munthu wamkulu, lieutenant Georgy Alexeyevich Romashov. Uyu ndi msilikali wamng'ono yemwe samavomereza mpweya wovulaza mzimu, anthu opunduka ndi kupha mwa iwo zabwino ndi zodzikweza. Amanyansidwanso ndi Luteni Basil Nilovich Nazansky, yemwe adakhala chidakwa, ndi Archakovsky, amene adachoka kwa wapolisi kukhala kachipembedzo chosakhulupirika-sharpie. Zoona, kufooka kwa Georgy Alexeevich kunapangitsa kuti asokoneze nkhaniyi ndi mayi wokwatira dzina lake Raisa Aleksandrovna Peterson, yemwe amakonda chigololo. Koma ndi nthawi yomaliza, malinga ndi Romashov mwiniwake. Iye amaganiza za zomwe ziri zovuta pamoyo wake pozungulira? Pa nthawi yomweyi, atatsimikiza kuti ntchito yaulere, sayansi ndi luso ndi ntchito yabwino kwa munthu. Malingaliro a Luteni, apolisi ndi mamembala athunthu komanso osakhala anthu. Ngakhale kuti nkhondo yosalungama imatulutsidwa, asilikali ndi alonda a mbali zotsutsana ali ndi ufulu kunena kuti: "Sindikufuna!" - ndi kupita kunyumba. Ndichosavuta, nkhondo idzaima nthawi yomweyo. Makhalidwe, ngakhale m'zaka za ankhondo zaka zapitazi zikufika pamaganizo awa, kupanga kulingalira koteroko, Kuprin. "Duel" ndi malo opanga chilengedwe pomwe munthu wokhala ndi chikhalidwechi amadziwika bwino kwambiri - mwiniwake - kukhala munthu wamkulu. Romashov anali ndi makhalidwe omwe amtengo wapatali kwambiri mwa amuna: "kukhala chete" komanso "olemekezeka."

Luteni ndi mlendo wokhala pafupipafupi ku Nikolayevs, banja lachinyamata lomwe mutu wake, Vladimir Yefimovich, malinga ndi udindo wa kapitawo, kachiwiri analephera kulowa ku Academy ya General Staff. Mkazi wake, Alexandra Petrovna (Shurochka), mochuluka kuposa mwamuna wake, anayesa kuthawa m'ndende. Shurochka ndi mkazi wophunzira. Iye ali bwino kuposa mwamuna wake, amadziwa sayansi, yomwe idzapereka mayeso. Amakonda mtsogoleri wachiwiri Romashov. Raise Peterson akudzudzula kuti awononge moyo wa Georgy Alexeyevich, kutumiza makalata osadziwika kwa Captain Nikolayev ndi akuluakulu onse a asilikali ponena za kugwirizana kwa lieutenant ndi Shurochka.

Utumiki ku ndende sikuti ndi wamanjenje komanso wosakondwa, koma moona mtima nkhanza. Asilikali omwe ali ndi udindo wa akapolo opanda mphamvu, nthawi zina samatsutsidwa. Romashov akuwombera msilikali Khlebnikov, yemwe wasankha kudzipha, kuchokera kumapiri a kunyozedwa kotopa.

Msilikali atapachikidwa yekha ndi Captain Osadchy, akuluakulu a regiment anaimba. Pakati pa maulendo achisoni, makapu amkati, Captain Nikolayev anakangana ndi lieutenant Romashov. Tsiku lomwelo akuluakulu, mwa lamulo lochokera kumwamba, duel linathetsedwa ngati njira yothetseratu kutsutsana kwapadera. Woyendetsa sitimayo adayambitsa izi.

Zovuta zomwe zimathera m'njira zambiri zidakonzedweratu kuti Shurochka ndi wofuna. Madzulo a duel, anakumana mwachinsinsi ndi Romashov, osalangizidwa kuti dubulo likanakhala lachikhalidwe, Vladimir Yefimich adzawombera mlengalenga ndikupempha a lieutenant kuti achite chimodzimodzi. Poyankha mpikisano wotetezeka wa Romashov, Captain Nikolayev, atakwiya ndi makalata osadziwika, anamuvulaza m'mimba.

Bwanji, chifukwa cha nkhani yake yokonda kwambiri, anasankha mutu wotere Kuprin - "Duel"? Kufufuza kumasonyeza chifukwa chake: mkangano wosokoneza maganizo wa munthu wa munthu wophunzira komanso chiwonongeko cha asilikali.

Zotsatira

Ndizowona kuti kunali pambuyo pa kulengedwa kwa ntchitoyi kuti chikhalidwe chatsopano chinabadwira ku Russia - Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin. Nkhaniyi "Duel" inayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi malo apolisi. Oimira bwino kwambiri gawo lino la anthu a ku Russia (mwachitsanzo, Lieutenant Schmidt) adayamikira kwambiri Kuprin chifukwa chowonadi chowonadi. Maxim Gorky ankaganiza kuti "Duel" ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa ankhondo.

Ngakhale pokhala mtsogoleri wamkulu wa cholembera, Kuprin anakhalabe wolemekezeka wolemekezeka wa Bamboland pa dziko lapansi. Ubale wake ndi mphamvu yatsopano ya Bolshevik sizinayambe bwino. Malingaliro a munthu aliyense wa apolisi olemekezeka sanali ogwirizana ndi mabodza ovomerezeka. Mu 1919, pa udindo wa lieutenant, mlembi wina wa zaka makumi asanu analowa nawo ku Yudenich ku Petersburg. Atagonjetsedwa ndi asilikali a North-Western, adasamukira ku Paris. Ndipo chaka chimodzi asanamwalire, mu 1937, pempho la boma la Soviet, okalamba anafika ku USSR kuti afere m'dziko lake. Mpaka mapeto a moyo wake, monga mtengo wamtengo wapatali kwambiri, wakhala akusunga mapepala a mapewa.