Malipoti A zachuma

Kuti mumvetse bwino zomwe zilipo, ndizofunikira kudziŵa bwino za ndondomeko ya zachuma, yomwe ndi gawo lalikulu la zolemba zikalata. Kutembenuza kwa mawu akuti "accountant" kuchokera ku German kumatanthauza kwenikweni "mwini wa buku". Ndiko, buku lomwe liri ndi mndandanda wamakalata odzazidwa nthawi zonse omwe akuwonetsa momwe panopo pali bungwe kapena bungwe la ndalama. Gawo lachiwiri la zowerengera ndalama ndi msonkho, zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pazinthu zachuma.

Malipoti A zachuma

Kuwerengetsa ndalama zachuma ndizomwe, kulamula ndi kuwonjezera mauthenga omwe amalembedwa pankhani ya ndalama za bungwe kapena malonda, boma la malo ake, kayendetsedwe ka ndalama ndi maudindo a msonkho, mabungwe a anthu komanso mabungwe apadera. Mawu onse azachuma amadzazidwa mosalekeza. Chidziwitso chilichonse chiyenera kuperekedwa ndi zolemba zogwirizana ndi zochitikazo: kufufuza, malipiro, mapepala, ndi zina zotero.

Mbiri ya ndalama

Zolemba zosiyanasiyana zimasonyeza kuti kusunga mabuku kunachitika zaka zoposa sikwi zikwi zapitazo, monga ndondomeko yeniyeni ya ndalama. Werengankhani, kapena wowerengera ndalama, kuyambira nthawi zakale anali ntchito zaulemezedwe kwambiri. Ndipo palibe zodabwitsa. Pambuyo pake, popanda bungwe loyendetsera ndalama, ntchito yabwino ya bungwe lirilonse kapena makampani m'mayiko onse silingatheke ndi chipangizo chirichonse. Kuyika ndalama moyenera kumapereka mpata wowerengera ndi kulipira misonkho moyenera.

Kuyambira kale, pakhala pang'onopang'ono chitukuko ndi chitukuko cha malamulo ndi malamulo oyang'anira ndalama zogulira ndalama. Zambiri zinapezedwa, mayendedwe osiyanasiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu malonda ndi ulimi. Mu nthawi imene manufactories yoyamba idawonekera, zowerengera zinali zoyambitsidwa kwambiri. Monga sayansi, zolemba zachuma zachuma zilipo zaka zana zapitazo zokha.

Ntchito zachuma

Mu kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka ndalama, nkofunikira:

• Sungani ndi kusinthasintha deta yokhazikika, yolembedwa, zazinthu zachuma za bungwe kapena makampani. Perekani utsogoleri wawo ndi oyambitsa; Ndiponso, pamapempha a Directorate, okhoma ngongole, ogwirizana, owona zachuma; Mwa mawonekedwe a mawerengero, akuluakulu a msonkho, ndi zina;
• Kuonetsetsa kuti kayendetsedwe ka chidziwitso chapamwamba cha zachuma chikugwirizana ndi lamulo la Russia pakukhazikitsidwa kwa malonda osiyanasiyana;
• Kuletsa kupezeka, kuchepa ndi kayendetsedwe ka katundu wa kampani, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu, ndalama, ntchito zogwirira ntchito, malinga ndi malamulo ovomerezedwa ndi lamulo la Russia;
• Kuwona momwe zingakhalire zobisika zachuma ndi zachuma zopezeka pa malonda, komanso kuwonetsera zochitika zachuma kuti athetse zolakwa ndi zotsatira zolakwika mu ntchito za malonda.

Malamulo oyenera

Ndalama zachuma zikuyenera kuchitidwa mokakamizidwa ndi mabungwe ndi mabungwe onse omwe ali m'dera la Russia, kutsatira ndondomeko yoyenera komanso mogwirizana ndi malamulo a Russia. Ndalama zoyendetsera ndalama zimaperekanso kwa maofesi ndi maofesi ochokera kumayiko akunja kuyambira nthawi yolembetsa mabungwe akunja monga bungwe lalamulo pa nthawi yonseyo pamene ntchito zawo zikuchitika, asanakhazikitsenso kapena kusungidwa.

Nkhani zachuma ndi kafukufuku

Kuwerengetsa ndalama ndi kafukufuku wa ndalama ndi ubale wapamtima. Kufufuza ndi mabungwe olamulira kumachitidwa ndi cholinga chotsimikizirika kuti ndondomeko yoyendetsera ndalama imayendetsedwa chifukwa cha ntchitoyi pa nthawi yake. Ndiponso, kutsata kwa mawonekedwe a ndalama ndi malamulo a Russia tsopano akutsatiridwa.