Malangizo othandizira - ampicillin

Kwa nthawi yaitali zakhala zikudziwika kuti β-lactamases ndi mankhwala awo ndiwo njira yaikulu yopangira kusintha kwa mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana ku mankhwala opha tizilombo. Zimathandiza kwambiri kuti chiwonongeko cha mphete zoteteza ma antibayotiki ndikuthetseratu mankhwala awo. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti β-lactamases apangidwe ndizoyamba kuti clavulanic acid, kukonzekera sulbactam ndi tazobactam.

Mafakitalewa akuphatikizidwa monga mapuloteni otchedwa inhibitor-protected penicillin - mankhwala osakaniza omwe amaphatikizapo mankhwala a penicillin. Zitsanzo zambiri zodziwika ndi mankhwalawa ndi ampicillin-sulbactam, amoxicillin, ticarcillin ndi ena omwe amapanga penicillin. Ntchito yawo imathandizanso chifukwa chakuti ikhonza kukhala mbali ya cephalosporin yomwe ikuphatikizapo m'badwo wachitatu, pamene mphamvu ya mankhwala yogwira ntchito imakhalabe pamwamba.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo antibiotics ndi β-lactamase inhibitors, ntchito yaikulu ya penicillin imayambiranso ndipo amatha kubwezeretsanso njira zawo zothandizira pomenyana ndi staphylococci, anaerobes ndi gram-negative Mabakiteriya. Kuonjezera apo, mu mankhwalawa, mankhwala awo a antimicrobial akukula. Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala ampicillin / sulbactam, omwe, malinga ndi wopanga, akhoza kupangidwa pansi pa mayina dzina la Unazin kapena Sulacillin.

Mankhwalawa akuphatikizapo ampicillin ndi sulbactam, zomwe ziri mu chiwerengero cha 2: 1. Malinga ndi malangizo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ampicillin ndi sulbactam mukukonzekera izi, kuphatikizapo kutseka β-lactamases, adayambitsa ntchito yotsutsa Neisseria ndi Acinetobacter.

Monga lamulo, kukonzekera kwa sultamycillin, komwe kumaphatikizapo sulbactam ndi ampicillin, zimaperekedwa kuti zilandire mkati. Mapiritsi omwe amadya amadya m'thupi. Ndiye pali hydrolysis zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ampicillin ndi sulbactam mankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonjezereka kwa mankhwala a ampicillin ngakhale pamwamba pa mlingo umene umapezeka mwa kutenga mlingo umodzi wa ampicillin.

Ntchito zambiri za mankhwalawa ndizowonjezereka. Choncho, ntchito yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ya mankhwalawa ndi matenda a bakiteriya ochokera ku VDP, sinusitis mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zamaliseche. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa matenda a m'munsi: Kutupa kwapachiphuphu, chibayo.

Malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsiridwa ntchito, ampicillin ndi sulbactam zili zothandiza kuchiza intra-m'mimba ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a m'mimba, kuphatikizapo matenda a matenda ofewa, matenda opatsirana a mafupa ndi othandizana nawo.

Mankhwala ampicillin ndi sulbactam ndi othandiza kwambiri kuposa amoxicillin / clavulanate pochiza matenda omwe amayamba ndi acinetobacter.

Mlingo wa mankhwala umatsimikiziridwa ndi malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Ampicillin imayikidwa mkati, akuluakulu mlingo ndi 0.375-0.75 magalamu, mosasamala kuti kudya chakudya kawiri patsiku, ngati matendawa ndi ofatsa. Kwa mitundu yolemera kwambiri, kutenga mankhwalawa pa 1.5-3.0 magalamu masana, ngati kuwonjezeka kukuwonjezeka, mlingo ukhoza kuwonjezeka kufika 6.0 magalamu.

Ana mankhwalawa amalembedwa m'mabuku owerengeka, pafupifupi 50 micrograms pa tsiku pa kilogalamu imodzi ya kulemera kwake kwa mwana. Kulandirira kumachitika kawiri.

Mafomu a kumasulidwa ndi kulandiridwa kwa mankhwalawa malangizo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ampicillin angathenso kutengedwa, kuwonjezera pa mapiritsi, ngati mawonekedwe omwe amapanga kukonzekera kwapadera (kwa kayendedwe ka oral). Amagwiritsanso ntchito mankhwalawa mwa mawonekedwe a jekeseni, chifukwa izi zimapangidwa ngati ufa. Zosungunulira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi kukonzekera mu phukusi limodzi.