Makina DC: mfundo kanthu

Zamagetsi makina - chipangizo kwa akatembenuka mphamvu ngati zamagetsi ku mphamvu mawotchi (ndi mosemphanitsa). Ntchito makina DC zachokera lamulo la kupatsidwa ulemu mu atomu.

Childs, mayunitsi ntchito makampani kwa samatha asilikali, monga cranes ndi hoists. A drawback kwambiri ya injini ndi mapangidwe coke pa maburashi wokhometsa. Kupewa arcing kwambiri, m'pofunika nthawi fufuzani ndi kugwira ntchito yokonza. DC makina zida isiyana asynchronous ndi Motors synchronous.

Pakati pa mitengoyo, kupanga zonse maginito kamwazi, armature ndi kukhazikitsidwa mu mawonekedwe a yamphamvu zitsulo. grooves wake zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo coils wa waya mkuwa, ndi malekezero a wochititsa ndi olumikizidwa kwa theka mphete, omwe amakhala ku mbali zina za makina - izi ndi wokhometsa limene maburashi Wopanda. N'zokhudza ku dera kunja.

Popeza coils cha mphamvu electromotive, nangula DC makina wayamba atembenuza pa mphambano za kuthengo coils ake.

Chifukwa chakuti kupatsidwa ulemu maginito ndi anagawira uniformly panalembedwa zitsulo, liwiro electromotive mphamvu kwaiye zimadalira kachulukidwe panopa mu mipata pakati motsatana ndi. Choncho, pansi pa pazipita mizati kupatsidwa ulemu maginito, ndi pakati nangula (pa olamulira kotenga) - ndi ziro.

Pamene DC makina armature imazungulira iliyonse theka nayenso ochititsa polarity-kubwezedwa, monga kugwa mchikakamizo cha mizati zosiyana Choncho, malangizo a mphamvu electromotive ndi kubwezedwa, ngati EMF lisinthike nthawi ndi malangizo, ndiye ayenera kupatsidwa kwa mtengo variable. Kwa dera kunja chigawo zonse anabwera makina DC chinathandiza chipangizo wokhometsa. Izi - ngati magetsi. maburashi n'kupuma, amene chikugwirizana ndi dera kunja, Wopanda pa theka-mphete sankalimbana nafe pa nangula.

Sangathenso armature amabwera mu kukhudzana yekha ndi burashi, ndilo pansi polarity makamaka. Panthawi imene chitsogozo cha electromotive kusintha mphamvu, izo masiwichi mphete, kutanthauza kuti kusintha dera kunja mu chitsogozo cha EMF zimachokeradi. Choncho, wokhometsa - ichi ndi rectifier, amene kumathandiza kusintha-kwaiye panopa.

Pofuna kuthetsa pulsation wa mphamvu electromotive pa nangula ndi coils ogwirizana ndi awiri mbale wokhometsa. coils ali ankatembenukira Chrixitu pa ngodya pang'ono, timatha zoperewerazo kupotoza ndi amgwirizano utuluke panopa ku dera popanda pulsation.

Ngati makina DC ntchito mode galimoto, pamene, ina, voteji umagwiritsidwa ntchito maburashi lapansi. Choncho, kudutsa wokhometsa panopa ukuyenda mwa coils, amene amalenga munda wake maginito. Zimavuta ndi munda ndodo, nangula akuyamba atembenuza Komabe, pa nthawi imene malangizo a kasinthasintha podutsa zosiyana ochititsa mzati ayenera kusinthidwa, wokhometsa akadali masiwichi polarity. Choncho, kusintha malangizo a panopa , chotero munda wake maginito. Pankhaniyi, wokhometsa - ichi ndi inverter, inverter DC kuti AC.