Linga Calamita mu Inkerman, Crimea: kufotokoza, mbiri, mfundo chidwi ndi ndemanga

Ndi angati mbiri malo ndekha? Ena mwa iwo kusunga dziko ndi mphamvu zonse kuyesera mawonekedwe awo, pamene ena zinawonongedwa, ndipo kwa iwo panali bwinja chabe. izi Calamita Linga mu Crimea, limene lili pafupi ndi mudzi wa Inkerman.

mafotokozedwe

Linga anamumanga VI m'ma monga chitetezo adani inkakhala nsanja asanu ogwirizana wina ndi mzake ndi makatani, i.e. ndi maofesi ena, zomwe zikugwirizana ndi bastions awiri. Iwo anamanga mwala miyala ya njereza njira, ndi makulidwe a linga anali mita imodzi ndi inayi, ndi kutalika mamita awiri. Calamita Linga unali waukulu kwambiri, dera lake linali 1500 mamita ^2, ndi kutalika - mamita 234.

Malo achitetezo sanali osankhidwa ndi mwayi: pa dzanja limodzi ndi wosweka, mukubwera Bay kwambiri mu dziko, kufika m'lifupi kilometre imodzi, ndipo pa mbali ina paima linga yokha. Masiku amenewo, kayendedwe zonse zimene zinachitika padziko linga zinkaoneka.

Linga Calamita mu Sevastopol: m'mbiri

Mbiri ya mizinda phanga la Crimea silidziŵika. Izi imakhudzanso Calamita linga, yomwe inamangidwa mu VI atumwi, malinga ndi kafukufuku. Pa zotchuka zinkaoneka yekha mu zaka XIV-XV. Kale Nyumbayi anaberekera mayina monga Gazaria kapena Kalamira.

Ambiri mwina, mpanda wolimba anamanga Byzantines, koma chimene chiri ndipo adzakhala chinsinsi. Koma kuyambira m'zaka XV, nkhani si choncho yosokoneza. Panthawi imeneyi, panali pa ukulu wa Theodoro, zomwe zikutsutsana ndi ankawalamulira Genoese.

Kuti tidzalowe nyanja, Theodoret anali pafupi ndi Black Mtsinje kumanga doko mwini wake Avlita ndi chitetezo kumanganso obisika thanthwe linga.

Mu 1475 mphamvu Crimea anabwera Turkey, nalanda kuphatikizapo mpanda wolimba kwambiri. Anasintha dzina mu Inkerman. Turkey kale ndi mfuti, ndipo iwo ankayenera kuti redo linga pansi chida kuti. Iwo thicken makoma, kulimbitsa ndi anamanganso nsanja, komanso kumanga nsanja osiyana, omwe anagwira pa mtsinje wa.

M'kupita kwa nthawi, linga Calamita mu Inkerman anayamba kutaya phindu lake kumbuyo. Iwo anawonongedwa pa nthawi, koma chovuta kugunda pa Nkhondo ya Sevastopol.

The Calamita panopa

Today mukuona nsanja imawonongeka, zotsalira za makoma, mtanda, womwenso pa malo a mpingo wakale ndi pansi Nyumbayi - phanga obisika. Kodi dzina Calamita, komabe sindikudziwa ndendende. Ena amakhulupirira kuti kumasulira kwa Chigiriki - ndi "wokongola Cape", ena anawamasulira kuchokera Greek momwe "bango" chifukwa dera yokutidwa ndi mabango ndi zomera ofanana, koma pali kutanthauzira angapo mawu.

Chinthu choyamba chimene chimachitika panjira - ichi nsanja chipata, kenako mamita ake 12 kutali Tower №2, amene amayamba dzenje anakumba mapanga. Nsanja lachitatu okhota. Ndi kwambiri kuonongeka, choncho zovuta kumvetsa kapangidwe ake, ngakhale mawu a izo zinkayenera miyeso izi: 12 13 m.

The bwino anasunga nsanja nambala 4 anamtenga mwa dzenje ndipo anali kwenikweni kupatukana mphamvu Calamita, kuyambira kugwira ntchito anachita barbican (i.e., anatumikira chitetezo monga zina). M'zaka za m'ma XVIII ndende anali pano.

Kuwonjezera nsanja pano mukhoza kuona mabwinja a mpingo wa Chikhristu, chomwe anachipanga feodorites pamene anali gawo, ndipo patapita anawonongedwa, koma palibe amene akudziwa amene. Mukhoza kuona manda laling'ono, limene wa zaka XIX-XX, pali anakhalabe ndi obelisk a m'manda makaniko ndi konkire Mwalawapamutu ngwazi za nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse.

phanga obisika

The kumene kumakhala Amonke lidzagwedezeka kwambiri m'mapanga, ndi mmodzi wa iwo mu VII-IX zaka Inkerman St. Clement ansembe yotchedwa ulemu wa woyera analengedwa, amene anafa Hersonissos.

Agulupa ali mipingo atatu ndipo analipo mpaka 1485, mpaka anafika ku mphamvu, Turkey kukhonda amonke kusiya obisika.

Pambuyo pa zaka zambirimbiri, mu 1852, izo kuuweruza pa kuumirira wa mabishopu Innocent, koma zinatha yaitali, kuyambira Crimea nkhondo. Komabe, mu 1867 agulupa anatsitsimuka, ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa mipingo anamanga Utatu Church unachitikira. Patapita kanthawi, polemekeza Mfumu Alexander III kachisi wa St. Panteleimon inamangidwa, ndipo mu 1907 - Mpingo wa St. Nicholas, yemwe anawonongedwa pa nkhondo.

Pamene USSR anakomoka, amonke anabwerera obisika zovuta ndi isanayambike kubwezeretsa lonse, ndi mpingo St. Panteleimon anamangidwanso.

Kodi kupeza malo achitetezo Calamita

Mu Crimea, Inkerman ndi m'mudzi waung'ono ili pafupi ndi Sevastopol, sipangakhalenso anafika ndi galimoto, sitima, basi ndi bwato. Chisangalalo chachikulu cha nyanja adzatenga ulendo bwato limodzi Sevastopol Bay.

Ngati inu kupita pa basi, njira ayenera kuyamba Sevastopol kufika amasiya "Vtormet" ndi kuika mtima pa siteshoni kudzazidwa, kuyamba chitunda awo zovuta kachisi.

N'zosavuta kuti kumaloku ndi galimoto pa msewu E 105 kapena M 18. Komanso, mu Black Mtsinje adzakhala nayenso woyamba motsogozedwa obisika pa phazi la ndilo linga, komwe munthu ayenera kudutsa mumphangayo, mwa manda akale, amene apuma pa chipata nsanja .

mfundo zosangalatsa

Calamita Linga ndi mbali ya Kherson Reserve. Pamene mu 1968 ikuchitika kubwezeretsa wina wa nsanja apezeka zojambula pa midadada miyala, amene ngalawa zithunzi mwatsatanetsatane amaonetsa. Asayansi ankaganiza kuti Chiwerengerochi ikukhudzana kwa zaka XIV-XV.

Pamene Nyumbayi inamangidwa chimodzimodzi, palibe amene akudziwa. Komabe, asayansi amakhulupirira kuti ntchito yomanga inayamba m'zaka VI. linga la anamangidwira monga chitetezero cha zamalonda kwa adani.

Mu linga XV m'ma anamangidwanso kuteteza osauka doko Avlita. Patapita nthawi, m'dera anagonjetsedwa ndi Turkey, anamanga linga latsopano ndi kumangidwanso akale zomwe Kalamita. Kuti Turkey ndi kusinthidwa kwa mfuti ndipo anawapatsa dzina latsopano Inkerman, kutanthauza "phanga mpanda wolimba".

Reviews

Linga Calamita, monga alendo - chidwi kwambiri malo amene ali ndi mbiri wolemera. Kuchokera kumanzere wake wamng'ono, koma malo awa ali ofunika kudzacheza ndi zofunika. Apa ndi pamene mukhoza kukhudza mbiri ndi kusangalala maganizo okongola kuti mutsegule ku thanthwe kumene kumakhala Amonke.

Cave obisika ntchito nthawi yathu, ndipo nawonso anapita. Inde, maselo munthu aliyense, koma kuona obisika ndipo mpingo kuchokera kunja amaloledwa, pa nthawi yomweyo iwe ukhoza kugula kumene kumakhala Amonke therere teas.

Pitani chipilala mbiri kungakhale anu kapena ulendo wotsogoleredwa mu Calamita linga kufufuza nkhani yake mwatsatanetsatane. Onse amene munapitapo malo awa, anasangalala kwambiri. Aliyense ayenera kukaona chinyumba, ngati inu munali mwa Sevastopol. Wokaona ndi lizikhala agulupa, mtengo wake si zoposa 100 rubles. munthu.