Kutanthauza nkhanu anthu: zabwino ndi zoipa. Makamaka nsomba ndi parasitic mitundu

Kodi tanthauzo la nkhanu kwa anthu chiyani? Zabwino ndi zoipa. Zimenezi ndi bwino. Ndipotu, zidzakhala zakudya, anthu ndi nyama, ndi ena onse mitundu chandamale. Koma ena nkhono ndi parasitic moyo ndipo makamu wapakatikati kwa helminths. Features wa moyo, gulu ndi tanthauzo la arthropods awa ife m'nkhani.

mtundu wa nkhanu

Oimira subtype uyu wa arthropods ndi yosiyanasiyana. Kudziwa mtengo wa nkhono kwa anthu: zabwino ndi zoipa.

Ngakhale zili chomwechi, ambiri mbali structural onsewo. Nkhanu (chithunzi m'munsimu chikusonyeza nkhanu) nalo thupi wopangidwa mwa cephalothorax ndi pamimba, kumene amagwira nthambi. Pa mutu ndi awiri tinyanga awiri. ziwalo kupuma ndi makutu kusankha - wobiriwira England.

Zokhala m'madzi mwatsopano ndi mchere, nkhono kudyetsa zomera ndi nyama zing'onozing'ono.

malacostraca

Oimira m'gulu limeneli ndi nsomba zazinkhanira. Chifukwa malo awo kusankha oyera madzi ndi okhutira mkulu oxygen. Masana iwo kubisala kamakumba una, pansi miyala ndi zipika. Apa iwo ali ndi kutenga anthu. Nyama khansa adzatenga katundu wofunika zakudya. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anthu ambiri a mitundu zikuchepa yafupika zisakuyenda bwino. nsomba zazinkhanira A ngakhale kutchulidwa Mayiko Red Book.

Usiku nkhanu kusiya kubisala malo awo ndi kupita kukasaka. Tizilombo timeneti ndi omnivorous mwamtheradi. kukoma kwawo ndi mphutsi, ndi mollusks, ndi tadpoles. Komanso onse amoyo ndi akufa. Musataye pa nkhanu ndi zomera za m'madzi. mitundu yokongola, munthu zambiri zimaŵetedwa ku m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera. Kansa ukapolo akhoza kudyetsedwa ndi mkate, masamba ndipo ngakhale nyama.

Nsomba khansa wapamwamba monga lobusitara, nkhanu, lobusitara ndi shrimp. Odyera yabwino ya mbale dziko kwambiri mu ankafuna, koma si aliyense angakwanitse.

Amphipods ndi burros madzi ndi chakudya chopindulitsa kwa mitundu ya mtsinje ndi nyama zam'madzi. Woodlice moyo mu dothi lonyowa ndi zinyalala, kumasula iwo, olemera ndi zinthu organic, kusintha njira ndi magetsi kupuma.

branchiopoda khansa

Ndi anthu a madzi oyera, mutu limene mokwanira lachotsedwa pa thupi. Zikuphatikizapo yaing'ono nkhanu Daphnia, amene amatchedwa utitiri madzi. Pamodzi ndi zamoyo zina za m'madzi aphatikizidwa zomera, amene ankakhala mu mgodi chapamwamba.

Munthu afika chongopeka daphnia pamlingo mafakitale kudyetsa nsomba. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonjezera mitundu yosiyanasiyana mu m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera.

Ndi daphnia kawopsedwe kuyezetsa madzi oyera. Tizilombo timeneti kuzindikira mwachangu zothetsera mchere okhutira. Iwo chifukwa liwiro loyamba la masewera olimbitsa thupi. Pambuyo nkhanu kapena kumira pansi, kapena amaundana pamwamba pa madzi.

kalasi chelyustenogie

Kutanthauza nkhanu anthu, zabwino ndi zoipa, ndipo ndinu mamembala a chelyustenogie kalasi. Daphnia ndi Cyclops, iye wachita kale ntchito ngati chakudya wapatali pa dilution wa nsomba zaumbanda malonda. Parasitic Argulus - komanso nkhanu. Iwo kudya mwazi wa nsomba zambiri kuchititsa kuwonongeka ndithu kuti nsomba.

mitundu ya cyclops ndi wapakatikati makamu kwa flatworms parasitic. Mwachitsanzo, njoka zam'mimba za matepi lonse dzira kwasanduka larva a. Iyo imatchedwa coracidium. Chotero ozungulira mphutsi zimatengedwa momasuka madzi mpaka m'mimba mwa nkhanuzo. Popeza kuti iwo woyamba wapakatikati makamu a majeremusi lapansi. Lachiwiri kwenikweni zolusa nsomba kudya nkhanu. Mu thupi mphutsi kugwa mu ntchito zoipa nsomba yokazinga kapena yaiwisi. Kumeneko angagwirizanitse kwa yaing'ono intestine mucosa, ndipo pambuyo 4 masabata anga kwanilitse kuti zibalane. M'litali nyongolotsi zingakhale mamita teni! Koma ngozi yaikulu kwagona kuti yaitali kukhalapo kwa tiziromboti anthu akufotokozera matenda magazi m'thupi. Zamgululi yosangalatsa nyongolotsi ziletsa mapangidwe vitamini B12, umene uli wofunika kwa mapangidwe wofiira hemoglobin maselo a magazi. Zizindikiro zowopsa monga kufooka ambiri, utachepa ntchito, hypotension, kuchuluka kugunda kwa mtima, mutu kawirikawiri ndiponso chizungulire. Zizindikiro zimenezi ziyenera ankafufuza ndi kutsatira kufufuza kwa katswiri.

Kutanthauza nkhanu anthu: zabwino ndi zoipa

Sangathe kunena za mtengo wa nkhono kuthengo. Kumene, yofunika chosangalatsa n'chakuti ndi mgwirizano zofunika unyolo chakudya, amatha zosefera kuchokera algae madzi ang'ono ndi mabakiteriya. Amadziwika kuti kudalirana kwa kudzipatula nkhanu ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono matanthwe phindu mwagwirizana iwo. mitundu kudyedwa mwa munthu. Komabe, ena a iwo nawo mkombero moyo wa tizilombo rotifers adzaukira ndi abale awo kalasi.

Choncho, nkhanu ndi nyama kuti anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mu umoyo wawo, kuwapanga yofunika kwambiri mu chikhalidwe.