Kukula bowa oyisitara monga bizinesi: ndemanga, zithunzi. dongosolo Business kwa kukula bowa oyisitara kunyumba

Ngati cholinga ndi kucha kuyambitsa bizinezi yawo ndi bajeti ang'ono ndi opanda mtengo kwambiri kubwereka chipinda, n'zomveka kuti tione kulima bowa oyisitara monga bizinesi. Feedback anthu amene ayesa njira imeneyi, kutsimikizira chenicheni cha mtundu wa ndalama. Komanso, kupeza chifukwa wamakhalidwe sadzakhala ndi kuyenda pansi pa madzi mu njira zovuta - ntchito ndi bowa atachita kafukufuku mwachidule mbali ya kulima ndi osavuta. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maganizo amenewa ndalama pafupifupi aliyense.

Chifukwa changu

Choyamba bowa khama akuchita chifukwa iwo ali mu ankafuna. Anthu ngati bowa awa, iwo ali wokonzeka kugula iwo. Ngati Tikayerekeza ndi bowa, ndiye tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti iwo si wolephera mankhwala kukoma. Komanso, oyisitara bowa ndi wofunika kwambiri chifukwa zili zambiri mavitamini, amino zidulo ndi mapuloteni.

Mu ndondomeko ya kukula bowa oyisitara chiyani popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ndipo pambuyo yokolola chidzachotsedwa, iwo akhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Ngati inu kulemba bwino ndondomeko ntchito, kulima bowa oyisitara kukhala m'khola kupeza ndalama wabwino.

Ndipo mwayi wina, chimene chili chofunika kulabadira - izi ndi mwayi woti ayambe bizinezi kunyumba koopsa kwambiri chuma ndi hassles ndi kusankha malo renti. Ndipo ngati mukuziyenereza mtengo wa kulima bowa oyisitara ndi, kunena, bowa, woyamba adzakhala laling'ono kwambiri pa ndi kufunika chomwecho.

Kuyamba

Poyamba tiyenera kuzindikira kuti ngakhale ngati si zofunika lendi, koma danga ena adakali chofunika kwa ntchito iyi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kulima bowa (oyisitara bowa) kunyumba - bizinesi imene amafuna pamalo ake. Izi zikhoza kukhala malo mu bwalo la kwawo kapena kanyumba lapansi. Lathyathyathya kukhazikitsa ndondomeko izi zingakhale zovuta, koma ngati n'koyenera, ndi pamaso pa malo free, chiyembekezo amakhalabe zotheka.

Choncho, pofuna kuti njira yoyamba mu gulu la ntchito za kulima bowa, kupeza chipinda mdima ndi chinyezi mkulu, chakudya chabwino cha mpweya ndi utsi nyumba, amene adzapita mpweya.

Pankhani kulima, ndiye izo zikhoza kuchitidwa pa zigawo nkhuni ndi utuchi, matumba udzu, mabokosi ndi stumps. Kodi wangwiro ndi masoka, ndi funso la njira yaikulu.

wothandiza

Pali zochita pa bowa ndondomeko kulima, kuti alowe zokoma muyenera kudziwa chabe:

- kukonzekera ntchito chifukwa chodzala gawo lapansi, mwachitsanzo maziko, umene kukula ndi bowa;

- yokonza mbewu, ilo likutchedwa mycelium;

- kugwilizana ndi zinthu zonse zofunikira kuti mfundo, kodi mbali iliyonse (nyongolosi ya bowa wa).

Nkofunika kuti kuonedwa ndi kusankha mtundu wa mycelium, amene kwakukulukulu ndiyo chifukwa komaliza. chapadera kwambiri ndi woyenera ndi kubzala mbewu. Chinthu ayenera n'komwe, ngati tikambirana kulima bowa oyisitara monga bizinesi.

Komanso mwapadera, mu ndondomeko yokonza gawo lapansi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito udzu kapena utuchi. Iwo ayenera poyamba steamed, ndiye aikidwa mu thumba. Pankhaniyi kupsa yekha zopangira kuti wakhala nthawi ukhale pansi. Pambuyo zikwama anayikidwa pa shelefu mu mdima (firiji 18-20 ° C). Pamene seeding uli wathunthu, zichitike midadada (matumba) mabowo. Msomali ndi abwino ngati chida.

Tizidalira zotsatira woyamba noticeable akhoza kukhala milungu iwiri yokha pambuyo kufesa.

Kodi Mzimuyo zokolola

Kukula oyisitara bowa monga bizinesi amatipeza zimadalira mfundo mmene bowa ambiri mapeto kusonkhanitsa wazamalonda budding. The kwambiri mankhwala - apamwamba a ndalama. Ndipo zotsatira za chokondweretsa, muyenera kutsatira mawu angapo ofunika.

Monga tanenera, chipinda zimene zingatipunthwitse ndi anayikidwa ndi bowa chiyenera kukhala kuchuluka chinyezi msinkhu, komanso m'pofunika ventilate ndi kuonetsetsa kuti anakhalabe mu kutentha akadakwanitsira.

Monga zinachitikira amalonda ambiri amene anachita bowa oyisitara, zokolola bwino anati atakula mu midadada, anaika pa poyimitsa mu malo choimirira. Mtunda pakati pa iwo ayenera kukhala 90-110 cm. Izi kusuntha momasuka ndi midadada ngati pa ntchito yokonza zinthu pa bowa, ndi zokolola.

Ngati choncho ayenera kukhala ndi mapepala, ndiye mndandanda bwino pabwino ndi mtunda wa 30 cm Chrixitu. Koma m'lifupi pachithandara, mu nkhani iyi, ndi bwino kutsatira chizindikiro cha masentimita 40. Izi zimathandiza kusunga kutentha ankafuna.

Kuona mmene kulima ndemanga malonda oyisitara ayenera kuganizira kuvomerezedwa. Ndipo zinachitikira anthu ambiri nawo kulima bowa, akutsimikizira kuti fruiting khalidwe tingayembekezere okha ndi khola kulemekeza kutentha bwino. Nkofunika kuzindikira kuti, malingana ndi mtundu wa kufunika angakhale mlingo mu 13-15 ° C ndi 25 ° C. Chingatithandize ziziyenda bwino mu kutentha ulamuliro wa Kutentha zipangizo zina zapadera. nchito imeneyi angachichite bwino zikugwirizana kwa masensa chapakati Kutentha.

Kodi kuthana ndi kuyatsa ndi mpweya

Choncho, oyisitara bowa adzasangalala okha malinga chipinda, kumene iwo ali mosavuta ndipo pali zabwino mpweya zinyalala mpweya. Ngati ndende otsiriza kuposa 0,8%, ndiye bowa kuoneka zipewa m'mbali litapotanitsidwa ndi yaitali kumanga mmwamba. Ndi chinthu choterocho kuti tizidalira chidwi kuchuluka kwa ogula si zedi.

Amene anadzitcha kuti kulima bowa oyisitara, monga bizinesi, ndikofunika kudziwa kutsimikizidwa mlingo chosankhika cha chinyezi. Izo zimapangitsa izo kwenikweni zosavuta: mpweya mu dongosolo labwino, ngati mwendo kutalika kukula oyisitara ndi za gawo limodzi la kukula okwana m'bowawo.

Komanso, saletsa ndi unsembe wa dongosolo mpweya kusamalira pamaso pa sefa mu izo.

Pa mutu wa kuunikira, tisaiwale kuti kuwala mu nkhani ya bowa ndi kofunika, koma zedi zochepa (100 200 lux kwa maola 12). Ngati ponseponse izi ananyalanyaza ndi kuonjezera ndende, adzakhululukidwa anakumana ndi zotsatira zoipa, monga kuchepetsa kwambiri nambala ya majeremusi.

Ulimi chinyezi Abwino

Kukula oyisitara bowa monga bizinesi kunyumba, nthawi zonse monga ntchito zokhudzana ndi lamulo la mlingo chinyezi. Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti mankhwala monga bowa ndi 90% chinyezi ndi kuteteza dryness kwambiri ngati chipinda ndi kubala kwathunthu adzatchedwa ku funso.

N'chifukwa chake zikwama abwino kwa ndondomekoyi - iwo ali bwino ziletsa chinyezi. Kuti bwinobwino kuteteza bowa ku mapindikidwe, m'pofunika kukwaniritsa mlingo khola chinyezi 85%. Koma adatengedwa chinyezi komanso sayenera. Imeneyi, "kwambiri" si zabwino, chifukwa bowa mapeto akhoza kulekerera yosungirako, chomwe ndi mbali yofunika ya ndondomeko ntchito yomanga.

Magawowa mtima molondola mlingo chinyezi, n'zomveka kuti mugule zipangizo zamakono monga psychrometer a. Iwo anakonza sikovuta - lili masensa awiri mumayesto dryness ndi chinyezi. Ndi kusiyana kuwerenga awo ndipo amayenera kuyan'anila za mode anakhumba kapena kudziwa litsatidwe.

Ngati tikambirana kulima bowa oyisitara mu matumba, monga bizinesi, ndi kukhala mokwanira, sitingathe amanyalanyaza mfundo yakuti pamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana ya kukula kwa bowa izi zimafuna osiyana chinyezi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maphwando ndi mibadwo yosiyana, ziyenera kusungidwa mu zipinda osiyana kapena wina, koma mbali zingapo ndi mitengo yosiyanasiyana ya chinyezi.

Tsopano pang'ono za ndondomeko ya ulimi wothirira. M'pofunika ndikukumbukira nthawi pamene kukula kwa matupi zipatso kufika 30 mamilimita kapena 1 cm. Kuti tilandire khalidwe bowa ulimi wothirira, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito gululi ndi mipata wa 0.5 mm. Koma kachitidwe fogging, chinachake chokhudza izo ndi bwino kuiwala. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti simungathe ngakhale kuletsa madzi pa zopereka, mwinamwake inu mukhoza kuthamanga m'mavuto monga oyisitara bowa kupsyinjika.

mfundo zikuluzikulu za kulima

Pali malamulo ochepa zofunika, kusiya kwa zochulidwa pamwamba, amene ayenera kudziwika ndi onse amene anatenga kusankha kuyamba kulima bowa oyisitara. Home zochokera ntchito, mu nkhani iyi ayenera kukhala woyenera kwambiri. Ngati inu tione zofunika ndi kumvetsa zomwenso awo, kuti kupereka zokolola khola idzakhala yophweka.

Kotero, apa ndi ena mwa malamulo funso:

- Pakuti fouling kwambiri mofulumira zigawo za gawo lapansi mycelium mu thumba ayenera kuyamba pa 12.

- Mwachindunji yekha mycelium n'kofunika kuti dissipate kuti wawo wonse m'dera dziko chidafundidwa. Koma zoyenera 80% kufala uli chifupi ndi makoma, koma% 20 okha pakati.

- akamaliza la compaction, ndikofunika zimapatsa zingwe.

- Nkofunika kulabadira mfundo yakuti mu matumba anali mabowo ndi pansi, izo kukhetsa chinyezi onse owonjezera mosavuta. Nthawi zambiri perforation zikutanthauza mabowo 10-20 pa thumba la mycelium.

- Pa midadada woyamba anayambitsa bowa ziyenera kusungidwa mu mdima malo achinyezi, koma patapita masiku 14-16 cha kupsa, pamene mycelium lonse lidzadzaza ndi gawo lapansi, iwo ayenera anasamukira ku malo komwe kuli kuwala, koma palibe dzuwa. Izi zikhoza kukhala dziko mu mthunzi wa mtengo kapena nyumba, chapansi ndi kukhetsa.

Zambiri za zida

N'zoonekeratu kuti kulima oyisitara bowa monga bizinesi kwa oyamba kumene angakhale ndi miyeso osiyana. zinthu zoweta aliyense ali osiyana: wina ali ndi malo ochepa chifukwa zatsopano zimenezi, pamene ena sangakwanitse kuonetsetsa kuti ngati chogwirika malonda m'dera Mwachitsanzo, mu dziko. Ndipo ngati izo zimachitika kuti ndi mamita lalikulu palibe vuto, ndiye n'zomveka kuganiza za mabuku akuluakulu mankhwala wakula, kale izo m'pofunika kulabadira zipangizo moyenera kutero.

Muyenera kuyamba ndi autoclave, ndi chimene inu zingabweretse mycelium. Ndi njira imeneyi, ndondomeko kukonzekera gawo lapansi kukula mafangasi ndi zambiri mofulumira.

Current komanso ndi zipangizo yokonza gawo lapansi ndi. Popeza tingatani paokha kubala makina ofanana. Pakuti zolinga zimenezi ayenera kupeza nkhungu-mipanda mbiya (100-200 malita) kudzaza ndi madzi ndi ntchito kuchepetsedwa moto chithupsa. M'pofunika kuonetsetsa kupezeka kwa malo ogulitsira kuti kulola tiyeni kuchokera nthunzi. n'kudzandigunda izi ogwirizana ng'oma mipanda ndi buku womwewo ndi zomwe gawo lapansi aikidwa. Izi zikachitika, chitadutsa khalidwe kutentha mankhwala.

Koma izi si zipangizo zonse, chimene chimafuna kulima bowa oyisitara monga bizinesi. Reviews anatsimikizira phindu la zipangizo kwa matupi msipu fruiting. Ndipotu, tikulankhula za lokonzedwa bwino chipinda kapena malo osiyanasiyana pomwe thandizo zofunika chinyezi, kutentha ndi kufunika mlingo kuyatsa.

Kodi kuwerengera phindu

Business dongosolo kukula oyisitara bowa amatipeza kumafuna mawerengedwe a ndalama ndi ndalama angathe.

Kupeza manambala zofunika kuchita kuwerengetsera yosavuta. Ngati inu kutenga njira yosavuta, ndalama zofunikira kuti kugula mapepala ndi filler - gawo lapansi. Pafupifupi yomalizidwa midadada ndi zili zosiyana apakhungu zikhoza kugulidwa kwa $ 2.5 pa gawo. Popeza Pankhaniyi tikambirana dongosolo bizinesi ya kulima bowa oyisitara kunyumba, pa pangano la ndalama malo ndi ogwira ntchito atengedwa mu nkhani palibe. Bowa kubzala lingathe kukopedwa pa mtengo wa $ 1.5 pa kg.

Ngati bwino kukonza malo, ndiye 1 mita ² lidzapatse mpaka 7 atilakwira. Mmodzi wagawo amenewa akhoza kubweretsa zokolola za 3 kg bowa. Choncho, mita lalikulu la malo zisanawonongeke ntchito makilogalamu 21 a oyisitara bowa. Monga kukhazikitsa zonse, mungayesere okha bungwe kugulitsa ndi yobereka kwa ogula yomaliza ya bowa (masitolo, amagulako, misika, ndi zina zotero. D.) Kapena ntchito misonkhano ya bongo yachiwiri dzanja.

Pafupifupi munthu kilogalamu wa bowa oyisitara angathe kukatenga mpaka $ 3, imbaenda ku wopepuka mapeto kuti bizinesi amalola kukhala ndi 100% surcharge pa katundu ndi kulandira ndalama zambiri ndithu poyerekeza ndi ZOWONJEZERA. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu amene mukufuna kuyesa dzanja lake mu malonda, muyenera kuganizira mofatsa kulima bowa oyisitara monga bizinesi. Photo ndondomeko ndi nkhani pa maonekedwe adzalola kuti chosavuta kumva mbali ya ndondomeko ndi kulandira mbewu okhazikika.

zotsatira

Mwachionekere, cholinga malonda kuliganizira chifukwa sikutanthauza chuma kwambiri bizinezi, ndipo akulonjeza zasungidwa bwino pamene bungwe woyenera kwa ndondomekoyi. Choncho, ngati mukufuna ndalama, ndi maloto a malonda awo n'kuzulidwamo kunja, n'zomveka kuti asa- kulima bowa oyisitara monga bizinesi. Reviews a okonda ambiri amene amadzinenera kuti nditenge mwayi uwu, kokha akutsimikizira kuti mtundu uwu wa ndalama akhoza bwinobwino otchedwa adzapeza ndi otetezedwa kwambiri kulemekeza mavuto a zachuma.