Kujambula Koyera Kosavuta

Chifukwa cha kukhudzana kwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana, omwe ambiri amakhala oopsa kwa umoyo waumunthu, kugwira ntchito pamsonkhano wa galimoto kumafuna wojambulayo kuti adziŵe mwakuya pa ntchito ya chitetezo ndi thanzi la ntchito, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndi kusunga njira zomwe ntchito yake ndikutetezera thanzi .

Ngozi.

Monga momwe kafukufuku amasonyezera, ngozi zochulukirapo pa zojambulajambula mu msonkhano wa galimoto zimayambitsidwa ndi chinthu chaumunthu :

Kusamala kochepa, kusagwirizana koyenera kwa utoto ndi zowonongeka, kapena uve m'malo ogwira ntchito - zonsezi zingawononge thanzi ndi moyo wa pepalayo. Zomwe zingakhale zoopsa mu malonda a pepala zingagawidwe muzinthu zitatu:

- moto;

- kuphulika;

Kuchitapo kanthu.

Ponena za kutetezedwa kwa moto , m'pofunika kumvetsetsa ngati zida zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'masitolo okonzekera zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za magetsi ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi komanso ngati amayang'aniridwa mozama.

Zida zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamsonkhanowo ziyenera kupangidwa ndi zosapangika. Chofunikira ichi ndi chofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyaka moto ndi kutentha kochepa komwe kumawotchera, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi utoto ndi zipangizo zoyera. Zambiri mwa zipangizozi zitha kuphatikizapo magetsi, choncho muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zovala ndi nsapato zopangidwa ndi zipangizo zamakono, ndipo onetsetsani kuti chipinda cha chipindacho chimapangidwa ndi zipangizo zoyendetsera. Mwini mwiniwake kapena mutu wa zokambirana ayenera kupereka antchito onse maphunziro othandizira kuteteza moto.

Zojambulajambula, chifukwa cha makhalidwe awo, zingakhale magwero a kuphulika . Mafunde ambiri a iwo ndi olemerera kuposa mpweya, amatha kusonkhanitsa pafupi ndi pansi ndikupanga chisakanizo chophwanyika pamodzi ndi mpweya. Mpweya wokwanira komanso wothandizira wa zipinda komanso malo opangira pepala udzathandiza kupewa mapangidwe a mpweya wambiri.

Chifukwa cha kuphulika kungakhalenso yosungirako zosayenera. Kuphulika kungayambitse kutentha kwanthawi yaitali kumadzi otentha kwambiri (zakumwa zotentha kwambiri) (mwachitsanzo, kusungiramo chipinda chosadziwika).

Kuyanjanitsa kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusanganikirana kwa chinthu chimodzi ndi chimzake, kusanganikirana ndi zomwe sizingakonzedwe ndi wopanga pepala ndi mankhwala a varnish. Kuchita koteroko kungakhale kokhudzana ndi chikhumbo chopeza ndalama zoganizira, mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zotsika mtengo pofuna kulimbikitsa kapena kutayika. Izi zingayambitse machitidwe osadziwika, osati kusintha kokha zinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa, komanso zoopsa kwa wojambula.

Chitsimikizo cha chitetezo chimaperekedwa pokhapokha ngati mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala omwe aperekedwa ndikuwonetseratu makhadi okhwima a wogulitsa. Choncho, m'pofunika kuwerenga malemba ndi makhadi otetezera mankhwala, zomwe wogulayo akuyenera kuzilumikiza.

Mapu a chitetezo cha mankhwalawa ali ndi chidziwitso chachidziwitso cha mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti anthu asagwiritsidwe ntchito molakwika; Limalongosola zochitika zothandiza thandizo; Amadziwitsa za njira zowonetsera moto, chitetezo chaumwini, malingaliro pa kayendedwe ndi kusungirako, khalidwe ndi zonyansa. Mapu achenjezedwe amamfotokozedwanso mwatsatanetsatane pamapu awa.

Chitetezo cha munthu aliyense.

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri pa thanzi la wojambulayo ndi kusagwiritsira ntchito kosayenera mankhwala omwe opanga opanga amachitira tsiku ndi tsiku: amatha kuyambitsa poizoni ndikupanga kusintha kwakukulu m'thupi la munthu. Kawirikawiri izi zimachokera ku zojambulajambula zomwe sizikudziŵa kuchuluka kwa ngozi zomwe zimawonekera, kunyalanyaza malamulo ndi malamulo a chitetezo.

Ntchito yokonzetsa magalimoto pa gawo lirilonse likukhudzana ndi kumasulidwa kwa fumbi kapena mpweya (mankhwala osakaniza omwe ali osakaniza). Munthu amapezeka pangozi yolowera zinthu zovulaza kudzera m'maso, mimba, kapupa ndi khungu.

Mankhwala owopsa kwambiri ndi a isocyanates . Iwo ali mu utoto wa zigawo ziwiri ndi ziwiya za varnish. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakubwezeretsa (kukonzanso) kujambula chifukwa cha makhalidwe awo abwino: amaonetsetsa kuti utotowo umakhala wokhazikika komanso umapatsa kuwala. Isocyanates imachita madzi ndi mosavuta kulowa m'thupi la munthu; Zingayambitse kupweteka kwa khungu, chifuwa chachikulu, kusintha kwa airways ndi dongosolo lamanjenje.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti sizisokyanati zokha, koma mvula yonse ndi fumbi ndizoopsa kwa anthu. Zizindikiro zowopsa kwambiri ndizo: kulakwa, kupweteka kwa khosi, chifuwa chouma, kunyoza, kutopa ndi kukwiya.

Choncho, pokonzekera malo ojambula, m'chipinda chojambula ndi panthawi yopangira zipangizo, nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zovala zoyenera kuteteza thupi komanso kupereka mpweya woyera.

Chitetezo cha maso chimaperekedwa ndi zigoba, maski, maski ndi chisoti ndi mpweya wabwino. Mathirakiti opuma otetezedwa bwino amatetezedwa ndi kupuma (pakupera ndi kupukuta). Magulu ndi nsapato, komanso mavoti, kuchepetsani mwayi wothana ndi mankhwala owopsa ndi khungu.

Kujambula bwino kwa chilengedwe .

Padziko lonse, makampani opanga magalimoto amachotsa 7% mwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'mlengalenga . Zili muzithunzi, dothi, diluents, rinses, putties, aerosols ndipo ndizo zikuluzikulu za photochemical kuipitsa mpweya. Pambuyo polowera mumlengalenga, amachititsa kuti dzuwa likhale ndi nitrojeni oksidi, motero kutentha kwake kumakhala pamwamba pa dziko lapansi n'kupanga ozoni , komwe kumakhudza kwambiri zamoyo zonse ndi zomera.

Mapangidwe a magulu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala omwe amapangidwira mu mpweya wamagetsi amangooneka pafupifupi motere:

- zitsulo ndi varnishes zopanda rangi - 52%;

- zisamaliro - 36%;

- chigawo chimodzi chokha - 11%;

- Kukonzekera ndi kuyeretsa mankhwala - 1%.

Pofuna kuchepetsa mpweya wa mankhwala osakanikirana, maiko ambiri ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse ayambitsa zoletsa malamulo zomwe zimafuna opanga mapulogalamu opangira mapepala kuti apititse patsogolo njira zowonjezera zachilengedwe monga kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osungunuka . Miyezo yovuta kwambiri yokhudzana ndi mpweya wa zinthu zoyipa m'mlengalenga ili m'mayiko a EU.

Monga mukuonera, kujambula bwino sikusunga malamulo a chitetezo, komanso ntchito yomwe ikukhudzidwa ndi tsogolo labwino, zotsatira zake ndi chikhumbo chogwiritsa ntchito pepala losungunuka madzi omwe ali otetezeka ku chilengedwe komanso kwa aliyense wa ife.