Flammable zakumwa: General amafuna ntchito chitetezo

Solvents, Phula kudzazidwa ndi zoyatsira, mafuta, mankhwala utoto, palafini, propane, byuteni, mafuta, dizilo, okonza - zakumwa zonse flammable. Ndalama zimenezi zimagwira ntchito kulikonse, makamaka utsi ndi mankhwala oyeretsera, amene ali pano mu m'nyumba iliyonse. Pamene muyenda kapena ntchito ndi aliyense wa iwo muyenera kutsatira malamulo chitetezo.

Ngati ntchito kumaphatikizapo ntchito ndi wothandizila flammable, m'pofunika kudziwa nkhani zokhudza chitetezo cha moyo wake ndi zina mwa mwambo moto. Nkhaniyi imafotokoza amafuna zofunika zakumwa flammable.

General amafuna chitetezo

madzi aliyense flammable mwina angabweretse chiopsezo kwambiri matenda kapena ngozi ya moto, ngati bwino ntchito. Ngati ndende ya nthunzi mtambo kufika kutentha zina, madzi kuwala. Thunthu kwambiri ndi kukhazikika pansi, sizingagwire moto. zakumwa flammable mkulu pophulikira, flammable - otsika, choncho amakhala oopsa kwambiri kwa anthu.

Chochita nkhani ya litulukira ndalama iliyonse?

Ngati mafuta ndi kukhetsedwa mankhwala, pomwepo kutsegula mawindo onse ndi ventilate m'deralo. Zimitsani zonse zamagetsi, popeza ndiye gwero la nsakali zimene zingachititse inaphulika. Ngati chinachake afika pa zovala zanu - vula khungu - kusamba ndi madzi posachedwapa. Ngati anakhetsa wambirimbiri zinthu flammable, ndi zofunika kuti asachoke onse ndi kuyitana utumiki moto.

Pamene moto likuyenda, musayese kuzimitsa ndi madzi, mu nkhani ya zakumwa ngati izo zokha kukulitsa nkhaniyo. Zingakhale zabwino moto chida. Izo ziyenera kusungidwa pafupi m'dera ntchito.

Nsonga ntchito zipangizo

Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala aliwonse, nthawi zonse kuwerenga chizindikiro. Kuonetsetsa kuti mukudziwa momwe ntchito bwino flammable ndi kuyaka zakumwa.

Mndandanda wa nsonga:

1. Inu simungakhoze kuyankhula pa foni, nyimbo kapena ndi zinthu china chilichonse pamene tikugwira ntchito ndi zinthu flammable.

2. Kugwira ntchito ndi zakumwa flammable amafuna malo bwino mpweya wokwanira. Popeza awiri mankhwala osakhala woopsawo akhoza kulowa m'thupi kudzera mundawo kupuma. Ambiri a iwo alibe fungo.

3. Chenjezo - ulamuliro choyamba. Onetsetsani kuti wothandizila mukuchita nalo, sanalandira pa khungu kapena zovala.

4. Ngati pali kutayikira - mutu.

5. Nthawi zonse acoka m'cipinda kumene flammable zakumwa kuyaka zasungidwa, kuyendera pamaso kutseka chitseko.

6. Never kusuta ndudu pamalo pamene pali zinthu zina. Iwo asungidwe kuchokera lawi lotseguka.

7. Kumbukirani kuti pali zambiri magwero wobisika wa poyatsira, monga zipangizo.

8. Pamene ntchito zitsulo ng'oma, hoses, mapaipi, kuonetsetsa kuti otsendereka kuteteza kudzikundikira woyang'anira malo amodzi, chomwe chingathe kukhala gwero la poyatsira.

9. Onetsetsani kuti onse muli, mavavu, canisters, mapampu ndi zipangizo zina kuti ntchito yosungirako, cholinga ntchito flammable zakumwa.

Pewani zinthu flammable

Njira yabwino kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha moto - kupeza wozungulira ndalama zimenezi. Ngati n'kotheka, akhoza m'malo ndi wina, kupatula kuyaka. Tiyang'ane zikuwoneka pano ndi kudziwa ngati pali njira kudzera zimene zingakuthandizeni kuchita ntchitoyi bwinobwino kwambiri.

Ona nsonga izi, zimene zingakuthandizeni ntchito ndi zakumwa flammable.

Choyamba, muyenera kuchita maphunziro apadera mlangizi kumuuza mokoma onse a ntchito ndi zinthu flammable.

Kachiwiri, pamene izo zifika ku chitetezo, thanzi la anthu ena n'kofunika kwambiri. Kusunga malangizo chitetezo ndipo musati pachiswe miyoyo ya ena.

ndi kutentha kwa Kodi kung'anima ndi kudzikonda poyatsira?

Mfundo kung'anima flammable madzi - ndi mlingo osachepera pa zomwe allocates mabanja madzimadzi pamwamba pa poyatsira. Kodi kupsereza madzi. Olimba osakaniza nthuzi ndi mpweya.

Petulo, ndi flashpoint wa -43 ° C, ndi madzi flammable. Ngakhale pa kutentha m'munsi likupereka nthunzi zokwanira kupanga osakaniza flammable ndi mpweya.

Phenol ndi madzi flammable. Iwo ali mfundo kung'anima wa 79 ° C (175 ° F). Choncho, mlingo wake ayenera upambana 79 ° C, pamaso akhoza akayaka mu mlengalenga.

Autoignition kutentha kwa madzi ambiri ranges kuchokera 300 ° C (572 ° F) kwa 550 ° C (1022 ° F).

Zimasokoneza poyatsira zinthu zachiwawa

Kuphulika malire m'munsi - chiwerengero cha nthunzi mu mlengalenga, pamwamba omwe moto sizikanakhoza kuchitika chifukwa palibe mafuta okwanira. Mabanja ndi osalimba kuposa mpweya ndi zambiri zoopsa kwambiri, chifukwa ikuyenda pamodzi pansi ndi kudziunjikira mu malo otsika.

Chapamwamba poyatsira malire - chiwerengero cha nthunzi mu mlengalenga pamene pali sikokwanira azinyadira mpweya.

zakumwa flammable ndi zachiwawa ndi malamulo saloledwa osiyanasiyana pakati otsika ndi mkulu wa ndende nthunzi mu mlengalenga. Kuti mwa malire poyatsira zingadziŵike, amene mankhwala Watenthedwa ndi amene angathe amaphulika.

Mwachitsanzo, malire m'munsi zachiwawa a mafuta - 1.4% ndi chapamwamba - 7.6%. Izi zikutanthauza kuti madzi izi zikhoza akayaka pamene ali mu mlengalenga pa 1, 4% 7, 6%. The nthunzi ndende m'munsimu mlingo zachiwawa ndi otsika kwambiri azinyadira oposa 7, 6% - zikhoza inaphulika.

poyatsira malire kutumikira monga atsogoleri mu mawanga otentha.

N'chifukwa chiyani zinthu ndi oopsa?

Pa yachibadwa firiji zakumwa flammable akhoza kuonetsetsa nthunzi zokwanira kupanga zosakaniza inflammable ndi mpweya. Chifukwa, iwo ndi owopsa kwambiri ndi moto. zakumwa flammable kuwotcha mofulumira kwambiri. Iwo zimatulutsa wambirimbiri wandiweyani, wakuda, utsi poizoni.

zakumwa flammable pa kutentha pamwamba mlingo awo kung'anima amathanso kuyambitsa moto lalikulu.

Kupopera flammable ndi kuyaka zakumwa mu mlengalenga umachititsa moto, ngati pali poyatsira gwero. Awiriawiri zinthu zambiri imperceptible. N'zovuta kudziwa, ngati inu ntchito zipangizo zapadera.

Flammable ndi kuyaka zakumwa mosavuta odzipereka mu nkhuni, nsalu makatoni. Ngakhale pambuyo kuchotsa iwo ndi zovala kapena pamalo ena alionse iwo n'koopsa, kutulutsa fumes wonunkha.

vuto limene zakumwa ngati ndi thupi?

Great zoipa zinthu zina kubweretsa mu moto ndi kuphulika. Amakhala oopsa thanzi. The madzi kuyaka akhoza kuwononga mpaka kalekale kuti thupi la munthu, malingana ndi chuma ndi njira kukhudzana:

1. Inhalation wa nthunzi.
2. Lumikizanani ndi maso kapena khungu.
3. Pomeza madzi.

Kwambiri flammable zakumwa, zinthu flammable oopsa kwa anthu. Ambiri a iwo ayenera kusungidwa ndi n'zosemphana mankhwala zochita, kuposa amapweteka.

Deta anasonyeza pa zolemba ndi makontena ayenera kukambirana za mavuto onse zinthu flammable ndi zomwe munthu ntchito.

Mwachitsanzo, propanol (amatchedwanso isopropanol kapena isopropyl mowa) - ndi madzi colorless ndi fungo Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala, amatikumbutsa osakaniza Mowa ndi kafungo kabwino. Nthuzi ndi zolemera kwambiri kuposa mpweya ndi mwina maulendo ataliatali. The mkulu mlingo wa nthunzi angayambitse kupweteka kwa mutu, nseru, chizungulire, tulo, incoordination. mankhwala akhoza kuyambitsa kuyabwa wa kapepalako kupuma kapena maso.

Kodi kusunga chuma m'madera kupanga zokambirana, Laboratories ndi ofanana kuntchito

Kuyenera anazindikira kuti zolinga zothandiza, kumene madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, osalephera, izo zidzakhala zofunikira kuwasunga mu situdiyo. Only kuchuluka kochepa kwa zinthu zina akhoza adzaikidwa mu dera ntchito, koma ngakhale iwo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa tsiku kapena kusamuka. Manambala enieni a nthawi yosungirako kudzadalira ntchito, zokhudza nchito za kuopsa moto mu situdiyo ntchito malo. Yosungirako zakumwa flammable lalikulu zedi kunyumba ndikoletsedwa. udindo onse adzagona pa makamu.

Muli zakumwa flammable ayenera kutsekedwa. Iwo adzaikidwe m'madera anakonza kuti ali kutali ndi malo yomweyo ntchito ndi zomwe sizidzipezera asokoneze msonkhano ndi ntchito malo.

madzi Bystrovosplamenyayuschiesya ayenera kusungidwa mosiyana ndi zinthu zina woopsawo kuti mwina azitaya moto kapena kuswa umphumphu wa chidebe kapena mpanda (bokosi) Mwachitsanzo, oxidizing ndi zinthu zokhala ndi asidi.

Kodi ngati kuchuluka kuposa pazipita?

Pamene analimbikitsa magawo yosungirako ali kuposa, iwo ayenera kuonanso zinthu zonse. Taonani malemba otsatirawa:

• Zida ayenera kusungidwa ndi kukonzedwa m'dera ntchito;

• Iwo ayenera kuganizira kukula kwa msonkhano ndi chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ankagwira ntchito kumeneko;

• kuchuluka kwa madzi kuti asagwidwe mwa msonkhano sadzalira upambana anapereka ogwira ntchito mfundo;

• msonkhano ayenera akhale okonzeka ndi mpweya okwanira.

Izo ziyenera kukhala ndi dongosolo achoke ku situdiyo, kumene ntchito ndi zinthu zachiwawa.