Kodi udzu mbadwa: makamaka chiyambi ndi kapangidwe

Kodi mbadwa udzu ndi zina inalembedwa kale chaka cha maonekedwe awo pa dziko? Kukhulupirira, koma kutchula koyamba za zomera zimachitika nthawi pamaso yathu ino. Chifukwa dongosolo mmene osankhika mbewu monga chimanga akafuna ambiri masiku ano?

Mwadongosolo udindo wa dzinthu

Mbewu banja ndi nthumwi ankaikira zomera apamwamba Division angiosperms ndi Monocotyledons kalasi. Iwo ndi dongosolo leafy ndi citukuko kupanga maluwa ndi zipatso. Ngati monocots onse, iwo amakhala ndi munthu Muzu osakwatira Ndisanaumbidwe, dongosolo fibrous mizu. kusowa cambium, liniya yosavuta masamba. Pa malo awa dzinthu ndinu gawo la mwadongosolo mayunitsi deta.

Banja la dzinthu: khalidwe mbali structural

Mukamakambirana udzu komwe mbadwa yomweyo tiyenera kufufuza ubale wa kapangidwe ndi mbali ya kukula kwa zinthu izi. zomera ndi kuyambira Khristu asanabwere. Komabe, nthawi, phindu sikuti sichinachepe, koma achuluka kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa zomera osatha wa m'banja la dzinthu, monga tirigu, "wakudya" gulu lonse la anthu pa dziko. Pambuyo zonse zinabala ufa, mkate, mitanda, dzinthu ndi pasta.

dzinthu onse herbaceous. Ali zimayambira dzenje, wotchedwa culm. Iye bwino kusiyana malo kuphatikana masamba - pa mfundo. Growth mtundu - intercalated. Masamba monga chimanga yosavuta, sessile, ndi kufanana venation. nyumba Special amasiyana ndi maluwa. Ali stamens atatu ndi pistil, amene nthambi pawiri. nyumba oterowo ndi mphepo mungu Choncho pamodzi inflorescence. Iwo akutchedwa makutu. Pa yakucha zipatso caryopsis awo anapanga.

udzu komwe mbadwa

Funso la chiyambi cha mbewu amabwerera nthawi ya mbiri isanayambe. Nthawiyi unalembedwa ku 4-5 m'ma BC. Inali pa nthawi iyi mamuna mbatoma kukula tirigu. India, Ethiopia, Greece, Macedonia, Mesopotamia ... pali zomera monga chimanga anafalikira dera lonse la Asia, America, Australia, Africa. Tsopano, mbewu imeneyi wakula kulikonse, ndi maiko ndi kupikisana mawu zokolola zake. Koma chimanga, Mosiyana, anadza kwa Europe ndi ku Asia kuchokera kumadzulo. Mwachitsanzo, mu Russia linayamba nakulitsa ndi m'zaka za m'ma 15. Choncho kuyankha funso, kumene udzu mbadwa, momveka kovuta.

Choona chidwi n'chakuti rye monga chikhalidwe osiyana anayamba kukula pafupifupi mwangozi. Kwa nthawi yaitali anayesedwa udzu, kufalitsa mwa mbewu tirigu. Mu kumpoto chikhalidwe chachikulu chinali kulephera kuzoloŵerana ndi kufa, ndipo rye ndi wotukuka. Amene ndi mkate ya zakudya zachimanga izi chotchuka kwambiri kulikonse.

Akatswiri ambiri amanena kuti choyambirira pa dziko anayamba kukula balere. Iye anali wotchuka kwambiri ndipo ambiri kotentha ndipo ngakhale kumpoto kwa dzikoli. Koma kutentha otsika chimawononga kuli mitundu. Choncho, balere unalowedwa tirigu ndi rye.

Kutanthauza mbewu monga chimanga

Tirigu ndi zomera zonse kwambiri zakale ndi zamakono. Mwachitsanzo, tsopano mpunga mu zakudya oposa 60% ya anthu padziko lonse. Chithunzi chomwecho limafotokoza ulimi wa nzimbe, amenenso dzinthu. Ndipo ngati tirigu, rye, balere ndi mbewu mapira zofunika pa ulimi wa chakudya ndi mbewu monga chimanga.

Tirigu ndi imodzi mwa mbewu wamkulu ntchito mwa munthu moyo wake.