Kodi mukudziwa kuti mpweya - mpweya osakaniza? Air Mafuta zikuchokera

Air - wofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa ambirimbiri zamoyo padziko lapansili.

Popanda chakudya munthu angakhale kwa mwezi umodzi. Popanda madzi - masiku atatu. Popanda mpweya - maminiti pang'ono chabe.

Mbiri ya kafukufuku

Osati aliyense amadziwa kuti mbali yaikulu ya moyo wathu - ndi inhomogeneous kwambiri zakuthupi. Air - ndi mipweya. Ndi chiyani icho?

Kwa nthawi yaitali ankaganiza kuti mpweya ndi chinthu chimodzi, koma osati mipweya. The amanena za heterogeneity anaonekera ntchito sayansi asayansi ambiri nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Koma zina ongolankhula nkhambakamwa palibe anagwidwa. Only mu chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu m'ma Scottish sayansi Dzhozef Blek experimentally anatsimikizira kuti mpweya zikuchokera mlengalenga si yunifolomu. Anatulukira mu nthawi ya mayesero lotsatira.

asayansi amakono asonyeza kuti mpweya - osakaniza mpweya kumaphatikizapo zinthu khumi chachikulu.

The zikuchokera mosiyanasiyana malingana ndende malo. Kuona zikuchokera mlengalenga chikuchitika mosalekeza. Pa izi zimatengera thanzi la anthu. Air - chisakanizo cha mafuta iliyonse?

Pa okwera apamwamba (makamaka mapiri) zili otsika mpweya. ndende limeneli limatchedwa "dilution mpweya". Mu nkhalango, m'malo mwake, mpweya zili pazipita. M'madera matauni kuchuluka zili mpweya. Kuona zikuchokera mlengalenga - umodzi wa maudindo wofunika kwambiri ntchito zachilengedwe.

Kodi ndimagwiritsa ntchito mpweya

• The wothinikizidwa mpweya misa ntchito ikukoka opanikizika. Teni bala anaika pa tayala aliyense koyenera siteshoni. Air mpweya matayala.
• Ogwira ntchito nyundo, mfuti pneumatic Jaji mwamsanga / ogwiritsa mtedza ndi akapichi. Pakuti zida amenewa amakhala ndi kulemera otsika ndi dzuwa mkulu.
• M'mafakitale ntchito vanishi, wothinikizidwa mpweya umagwiritsidwa ntchito imathandizira kuyanika ndondomeko.
• Car umatsuka wothinikizidwa mpweya misa wothandiza magalimoto mwamsanga kuyanika;
• Zotsimikizira zomera ntchito mpweya wothinikizidwa kuyeretsa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za kuipitsa. Mu mafakitale kupala matabwa Choncho ikhoza kuchapidwa ku utuchi ndi zodulidwa lonse hangars.
• makampani Petrochemical yaitali, amaona kuti palibe zipangizo ankatenthetsa mipope isanayambe choyamba.
• Kupanga oxides ndi zidulo.
• Kuonjezera ndondomeko kutentha;
• Kodi yotengedwa mpweya , mipweya inert ;

N'chifukwa chiyani ndikufunika mlengalenga zamoyo

Ntchito yaikulu ya mpweya, kapena kani, chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu - mpweya - kudutsa mu maselo, potero kulimbikitsa ndondomeko makutidwe ndi okosijeni. Kudzera mu thupi ili amalandira mphamvu kwa moyo.

Air alowa m'thupi kudzera mapapo, ndipo amatumizidwa m'thupi kudzera m'thupi.

Air - osakaniza aliyense mpweya. Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

asafe

Air - mpweya kusakaniza yoyamba ndi asafe. Seventh wotchedwa Dmitry Mendeleev nthawi mchitidwe dongosolo. Akuti mpainiya Scottish sayansi Daniel Rutherford mu 1772

Zina mwa mapuloteni ndi zidulo mkati mwa thupi la munthu. Ngakhale chiwerengero chake maselo ndi zonyozeka - zosaposa peresenti atatu, mpweya n'kofunika kuti uziyenda yachibadwa.

Monga mbali ya wokhutira mpweya - maperesenti oposa makumi asanu ndi atatu.

M'mikhalidwe wabwinobwino ndi colorless ndi odorless. Iwo samalowa mu mankhwala ndi zinthu zina.

Kuchuluka wamkulu wa asafe ntchito makampani mankhwala, makamaka kupanga feteleza.

Asafe ntchito makampani zachipatala kupanga utoto, mabomba.

Mu cosmetology ntchito mpweya kuchitira ziphuphu zakumaso, mabala, njerewere, dongosolo thermoregulatory za thupi.

Ntchito apanga amoniya asafe mubale asidi nitric.

Pamene kupanga mafuta ndi kuthamanga mafuta a asafe anakhalabe pakati pa zigawo. Mu tikubooleza zitsime zatsopano mpweya amalola gush madzimadzi.

Makampani migodi, asafe ntchito wozimitsa moto kovuta. Mu zitsulo ndi mafakitale coke-mankhwala - kulimbitsa zakuthupi ndi kusintha tsementizatsii.

Makampani zamagetsi - kwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa semiconductors ndi madera.

Ntchito yoyeretsa kuyesedwa mapaipi.

Madzi asafe ntchito monga refrigerant a. gasi Izi amawapopa ndege ankafika zida ndi mawilo a magalimoto wamba. Wapachaka asafe kupanga kuposa matani mamiliyoni makumi asanu ndi awiri.

Gasi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha katundu wapadera ndi cheapness wachibale.

Asafe botolo - wakuda ndi kulemba chikasu.

mpweya

Air - mpweya osakaniza, wachiwiri umene ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya. Chitatu mchitidwe nthawi tebulo. mpweya ndi colorless ndi odorless. Oyamba amatamanda British wasayansi Joseph Priestley mu 1774.

Monga mbali amatenga peresenti twente wani za mlengalenga. Mwa maselo yabwino wachilengedwe chonse zamoyo, zomera ndi tizilombo.

Gwero la alipo zinkakhalira lathuli.

Zitsulo Company koyera mpweya ntchito pofuna kuchotsa zosafunika wonunkha pa akuponya cha chitsulo, ndi kuonjezera kutentha kuyaka.

Gasi ntchito zitsulo kuwotcherera ndi kudula mpweya. Mpweya zonenepa - buluu.

Makampani ndege - monga oxidizer chifukwa chopopera lapansi.

Mankhwala - mu mankhwala, odana ndi mphumu hypoxia, matenda kupuma, decompression matenda.

Makampani mankhwala a oxygen ntchito makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa chimasanduka mu alcohols, zidulo, aldehydes, nitric kupanga acid.

Nsomba - oxygenation mchere.

Koma phindu lalikulu mpweya uyenera zamoyozo. Pamene thupi mpweya chithandizo akhoza kuwataya (oxidize) mapuloteni zofunika, mafuta ndi chakudya, kuwapatutsa mu mphamvu.

argon

gasi, gawo la mpweya ndi wachitatu kufunika - argon. Timasangalala si upambana gawo limodzi. Ndi mpweya inert popanda mtundu, kukoma ndi kununkhiza. Chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu mchitidwe dongosolo nthawi.

Kungotchula woyamba amati ndi English sayansi Henry Cavendish mu 1785. Ndipo Ambuye Lerey ndi Uilyam Ramzay analandira Nobel Prize chifukwa umboni wa kukhalako kwa mpweya ndi zokumana nawo.

Mapulogalamu argon:

• incandescent nyali;
• nadzaza malo pakati panes mu mabokosi pulasitiki;
• Sing'anga mu kuwotcherera zodzitetezera;
• wozimitsa wothandizila;
• ayeretsedwe mpweya;
• mankhwala kaphatikizidwe.

Thupi la munthu wosatenga zambiri zabwino. Pa mpweya mkulu woipa kuyambitsa suffocation.

Zonenepa ndi argon imvi kapena lakuda.

Otsala zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri amapanga 0,03% mu mlengalenga.

mpweya woipa

Mpweya woipa mu mlengalenga zikuchokera ndi colorless ndi odorless.

Iwo aumbike mwa oipa kapena moto zipangizo organic anamasulidwa pa kupuma ndi magalimoto ndi zina magalimoto.

Thupi la munthu aumbike mwa minofu chifukwa kwambiri m'thupi, natisunthitsa dongosolo venous m'mapapo.

Ali ndi phindu zabwino, kuyambira pa katundu zambiri capillaries kuti amalola wamkulu kunyamula zinthu. A ubwino myocardium lapansi. Kumawonjezera pafupipafupi ndi mphamvu katundu. Iyo inali nthawi hypoxia uphungu. Iwo nawo mu lamulo la kupuma.

Mu mafakitale mpweya opangidwa kuchokera ku mipweya kuyaka monga mwa mafuta kapena mankhwala zako kupatukana mpweya.

ntchito n'chachikulu kwambiri:

• zisawonongeke makampani chakudya;
• chakumwa carbonation;
• zozimitsira moto ndi machitidwe wozimitsa moto;
• chonde kwa zomera za m'madzi;
• Sing'anga mu kuwotcherera zodzitetezera;
• makatiriji ntchito mpweya chida;
• refrigerant.

Neon

Air - mpweya osakaniza ndi wachisanu amene ali Neon. Iwo linatsegulidwa patapita nthawi yaitali - mu chaka cha 1898. Dzinali anamasuliridwa kuchokera Greek momwe "latsopano".

Monatomic mpweya umene uli colorless ndi odorless.

Iwo ali mkulu magetsi madutsidwe. Iwo ali amphumphu pakompyuta chipolopolo. Inert.

Gasi akamagwira kulekana kwa mpweya.

ntchito:

• Inerted makampani;
• The refrigerant zomera cryogenic;
• Pongotayira kumaliseche nyali. Ambiri ntchito kuthokoza malonda. Ambiri achikuda signage chochitidwa ndi Neon. Ndi kudutsa magetsi kumaliseche nyali kupereka omveka woyererako.
• Signal anayatsa pa lighthouses ndi airfields. Tinayesetsa bwino ndi chifunga lolemera.
• Mchitidwe mpweya osakaniza kwa anthu ntchito ndi kuthamanga.

helium

Helium - mpweya monatomic ndi colorless ndi odorless.

ntchito:

• Ngati Neon, pamene kumaliseche magetsi amapereka kuwala.
• Makampani - kuchotsa zoipa zonse pa yadothi ya chitsulo;
• Refrigerant.
• Kupeza airships ndi balloons;
• Pang'ono mu zosakaniza kwa kupuma pa imadumphira m'madzimo uku ikukupiza kwambiri.
• Kutentha kutengerapo sing'anga mu nyukiliya.
• Home Ana zosangalatsa - zouluka balloons.

dalitso lapadera si zamoyo. Pa woipa mkulu zingachititse poizoni.

dziko

Air - mpweya osakaniza, wachisanu ndi chiwiri umene ndi dziko. mpweya ndi colorless ndi odorless. Mu woipa yapamwamba zachiwawa. Choncho, chifukwa zikusonyeza kuti anawonjezera odorants.

Nthawi zambiri ntchito ngati mafuta ndi zopangira mu kaphatikizidwe organic.

mauvuni banja, boilers, gasi madzi heaters ntchito kwenikweni dziko.

Mankhwala tizilombo.

krypton

Krypton - monatomic inert mpweya ndi colorless ndi odorless.

ntchito:

• mu kupanga lasers;
• oxidizer chopopera;
• Anadzaza incandescent nyali.

Zotsatira pa thupi la munthu anali kuphunzira pang'ono. Anaphunzitsidwa ntchito pa akuya pamadzi nyanja.

haidrojeni

Haidrojeni - colorless, flammable mpweya.

ntchito:

• Umagwirira - ulimi wa amoniya, sopo, mapulasitiki.
• Kudzaza zipolopolo ozungulira mu meteorology.
• Propellants.
• Yozizira magetsi majenereta.

xenon

Xenon - monohydric colorless mpweya.

ntchito:

• wodzazidwa incandescent nyali;
• injini mu spacecraft;
• monga mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi.

Pakuti thupi zabwinobwino. dalitso lapadera si.