Kodi kutenga mankhwala: kuwapempha dokotala

Pasanapite nthawi yaitali, munthu aliyense Kwalamulidwa mankhwala. Ngakhale zaka khumi zapitazo, madokotala Kwalamulidwa iwo ndi opanda. Ndipo tsopano izi "akatswiri" Nthawi zambiri reinsured ndi kutumikiridwa mankhwala popanda lalikulu kwambiri pa umboni ndi kuti sangathe okha udindo kuchipatalako. Ndipotu, ngati nthawi si maantibayotiki anali Kwalamulidwa, ndipo wodwalayo anakhala poipa kapena mavuto aakulu - mlandu dokotala. Ngati mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa anali Kwalamulidwa (monga tidziwa, onse a iwo ntchito ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha tizilombo), ndiye kuti mwina anathandiza kapena sizinathandize, chifukwa iwo alibe anafika, ndipo mwina ndi cholakwika chabe kuvomereza. Ndipo ndicho nkhani ina.

Kodi kutenga mankhwala, osati aliyense amadziwa. Si kusukulu, si nthawi zonse bwino zinafotokozedwa malangizo kwa mankhwala. Ngakhale madokotala pa phwando sikawirikawiri anauza mwatsatanetsatane za malamulo amenewa zofunika zosavuta.

ndi mankhwala Kodi

Mankhwala - kanthu masamba, tating'onoting'ono, nyama kapena theka-kupanga chiyambi, amene ntchito mankhwala kuthana ndi mitundu ina ya tizilombo.

Ndipotu, atulukira penicillin (zachilengedwe mankhwala) mankhwala wapanga kusintha kwenikweni. Anthu wakhala kupereka chithandizo cha chilonda, streptococcal sepsis, purulent meninjaitisi, zithupsa, diphtheria, chinzonono, chindoko, chibayo, suppurative pleurisy, kolera, mliri, TB ndi matenda ena ambiri, kawirikawiri amapha.

Ndiyamika Kutulukira uyu anali wokhoza kuonjezera pafupifupi moyo amayembekezeka ndi zaka pafupifupi 30. Komanso, ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala, izo anayamba angapo latsopano, mankhwala zina zimene zingatipatse mphamvu ndi lofunika kwambiri, ndipo anapezazi zochokera kuyambitsa penicillin.

mankhwala gulu

Kumvetsa mmene mankhwala ngati zotchulidwa dokotala wa ufulu wawo, m'pofunika kudziwa gulu la mankhwala, iwo monga:

1. Macrolides. mtundu wa mankhwala zochepa angaononge thupi. Mankhwala gulu ili ndi bacteriostatic, antimicrobial, odana ndi yotupa ndi immunomodulating kanthu. Iwo analamula kuti:

• matenda;
• sinusitis;
• chibayo;
• diphtheria;
• periodonite;
• toxoplasmosis;
• matenda mycobacterial.

2. Penicillin. Yodziwika ndi luso kupirira osati zikamera tizilombo komanso kuteteza kukula ndi kubereka. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala kwa Helicobacter pylori (mmene iwo bwino, tikambirana kenako). Penicillin gulu mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza matenda:

• sinusitis;
• otitis TV;
• zilonda zapakhosi;
• chibayo;
• matenda;
• gastritis.

3. cephalosporins. Wokhoza kuthana ndi tizilomboto ali ndi kukana penicillin mankhwala gulu. Kupirira:

• ndi matenda matumbo;
• matenda a dongosolo genitourinary;
• matenda kupuma.

4. Tetracycline. Ntchito kulimbana mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tina lalikulu. Ndi ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali chifukwa chiwerengero cha mavuto aakulu (chiwindi, chifuwa, zotupa mano). Komabe, iwo mogwira mtima zochizira matenda awa:

• abrasions;
• matenda;
• zilonda zapakhosi;
• chibayo;
• chindoko;
• pleurisy;
• amayaka;
• sepsis;
• meninjaitisi;
• mastitis;
• endocarditis / myocarditis;
• cholecystitis;
• balere
• kolera;
• salmonellosis;
• chinzonono.

5. fluoroquinol. Yotakata-sipekitiramu mankhwala. Kugwiritsa mankhwalawa:

• sinusitis;
• otitis TV;
• pharyngitis;
• laryngitis;
• pyelonephritis;
• endometritis;
• cystitis;
• urethritis;
• prostatitis;
• vaginitis;
• cervicitis.

6. aminoglycosides. mawonekedwe poizoni kwambiri za mankhwala ntchito kokha Zikavuta pamene mankhwala ena si kuthandiza:

• enterococcal matenda;
• Pseudomonas matenda ;
• chifuwa chachikulu;
• zikuvutitsa;
• brucellosis;
• tularemia.

Kukaniza matenda opha

Pa nthawi imene kuyambira kumayambiriro mankhwala a penicillin akhala ntchito mu (ngakhale ziweto) ndi kumangolira. Zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti mabakiteriya ambiri mutate, anaphunzira kusintha kukhala akhama ndipo asiya kuyankha mankhwala ochiritsira.

Zimayambitsa matenda kugonjetsedwa

Akatswiri kudziwa zifukwa zotsatirazi kuti mankhwala opha tizilombo:

• Kumwa mankhwala popanda kusankhidwa dokotala (potsatira malangizo a bwenzi, namwino, ndi pharmacist). Kodi kutenga mankhwala ayenera kufotokoza yekha dokotala nawo.
• Kunyamula ndi chosakwanira mankhwala (Inde kusokoneza mobwerezabwereza prolechivaniya).
• The ntchito mosadziletsa mankhwala mu ulimi nyama.
• Kusintha mankhwala mankhwala osamveka popanda kuchititsa nkhani zofunika.

Kuwonongeka mankhwala ndi zochita chokhwima

M'badwo woyamba wa wothandizila izi yapadera. Iwo ali ndi luso lodabwitsa kuti ndizigwira mabakiteriya mlendo thupi. Koma nthawi yawo zadutsa, ndipo pafupifupi onse anayamba mitundu kugonjetsedwa.

Today mankhwala ntchito mankhwala atsopano kupanga, chinthu chimene si kusankha chiwonongeko cha zoipa kwa zomera thupi ndi okwana. Choncho maantibayotiki angathe kuyambitsa zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa:

1. thupi lawo siligwirizana.
2. Kuyan'anila za m'mimba thirakiti microflora (zilonda pachimake, Chotupa chija, mavuto ndi mpando). Ndi chifukwa amachita funso n'lakuti, momwe iwo kucheza, "Linex" ndi mankhwala. Kodi kupanga yoyenera probiotic, auzeni adokotala pa phwando.
3. Mkwiyo wa kapepalako m'mimba (glossitis, proctitis, stomatitis).
4. Chisokonezo wamanjenje dongosolo (kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, zithunzi ndi Makutu, chisokonezo zida za vestibular).
5. meninges kuyabwa (khunyu).
6. Chopinga wa hematopoiesis (kuchepa magazi, leukopenia).
7. The kufooka ambiri a chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi chitukuko pa maziko awa, matenda a mafangasi (thrush).
8. Kuvutika mu chiwindi ndi impso.
9. Mankhwalawa matenda ena akhoza kukhala lolimbikitsa zosakhalitsa zizindikiro (malungo, zotupa malungo). Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti imfa misa mabakiteriya kuchititsa poizoni poizoni wa thupi.

Asayansi ku amanena US inadzakhala kuwonjezeka amphamvu chiopsezo khansa mu akazi chifukwa cha zakudya kawirikawiri mankhwala.

Mankhwalawa ndi mapiritsi bwino kapena jakisoni?

Choncho, tinaphunzira kuti kutenga mankhwala chifukwa mwayi wa mankhwala mu mawonekedwe a jekeseni kumeneko. Ndiponso Ndizachidziwikire kuti njira ngati popereka maantibayotiki ndi zofunika kutsatira okha m'chipatala ndi zizindikiro pachimake (chikhalidwe aakulu wodwala, kulephera kumeza).

Maantibayotiki ndi candida

Nthawi zambiri, madokotala kuti mankhwala opha tizilombo pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena. Chifukwa chachikulu ntchito yawo ndi chitukuko mofulumira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana - bowa.

Ife tikudziwa kale kuti anafotokoza mankhwala kusankha amapha yekha tizilomboto zoipa pafupifupi adzawononga zomera zonse zabwino pa mundawo m'mimba. Imeneyi, nthawi zambiri amayamba kuchuluka mofulumira wa bowa (mwachitsanzo candida mtundu).

antifungals

Pali magulu angapo a mankhwala kulamulira kuswana wa bowa:

• Polyelaion - amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza makamaka candidiasis wa nembanemba wa mucous, m'mimba thirakiti khungu. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo: "Nystatin" "Levorinum" "Amphotericin B", "Nitamitsin".
• Azoles - mogwira mankhwala a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ndere, bowa misomali, khungu, mucous candidiasis. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo: "Ketoconazole", "Introkonazol" "Fluconazole".
• Allylamines - ochiza matenda a tinea (mafangasi matenda a tsitsi, misomaliyo, khungu, nsungu). "Terbinafine" uli gulu.

Nthawi zambiri, dokotala ndi mankhwala anaika antifungals. Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa odwala amene sachedwa chitukuko cha matenda a mafangasi. Ndipo chino yilungamitsidwa ngati m'pofunika mankhwala yotakata-sipekitiramu mankhwala, ndi bwino nthawi zonse kuteteza chitukuko cha matenda atsopano kuposa kuchiza.

Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kupeza osakaniza monga "Fluconazole" ndi mankhwala. Kodi kupanga bwino? Pa nthawi yonse ya chithandizo ndi mankhwala, munthu kapisozi ndi pakamwa pambuyo chakudya (makamaka usiku).

Koma lero monga Nystatin prophylaxis Adotolo amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi funso la mmene "Nystatin" ndi mankhwala, inu palibe m'modzi adzayankha. Poyamba, imeneyi ndi maantibayotiki, ndipo kachiwiri, mankhwala ndi chabe chakale.

Kodi kutenga "Atsipol" ndi mankhwala

Pali maganizo popanda yokonza mankhwala mankhwala matenda a microflora matumbo ndi mankhwala sangathe kuchita. Mwachitsanzo, Madokotala amakonda kulemba mankhwala "Linex" ndi mankhwala. Kodi kupanga kuphatikiza lamanja la mankhwala ndi zoona, palibe munthu zambiri anafotokoza.

Malonda mawu kunena kuti popanda zopindulitsa bifidobacteria thupi sadzakhoza kuti achire pambuyo kumwa mankhwala choopsa. Koma madokotala padziko lonse kale kuti kwambiri mankhwala - Dummy ndi placebo. Mwatsoka, ziribe kanthu momwe amakonda kufunsa mmene probiotics ndi mankhwala, mmene sidzakhalaponso.

Chinthu n'chakuti zowonjezera izi zakudya mulibe chofunika kuchuluka kwa tizilombo opindulitsa chodzaza chilengedwe matumbo. Koma ambiri Chofunika, kuti ngakhale chiwerengero cha bifidobacteria zili bwino, Sakadamenyana wakwanitsa mu izi kapisozi matsenga kudutsa malo acidic m'mimba ndi matenda microflora.

Choncho, yankho leni-leni kufunso Mwachitsanzo, mmene "Bifiform" ndi mankhwala kulibe. Izi mankhwala wopanda pake, amene opanga mosamala oletsa ife.

Kuvomereza kwa dokotala ndi mankhwala malamulo chikuonetseratu

Maantibayotiki angathe kumwedwa yekha zotchulidwa dokotala. dokotala ayenera pamaziko a MAGAZI ndi mkodzo kuti tipeze chimene chinayambitsa matenda (HIV kapena mabakiteriya) ndi chithandizo choyenera. Pankhaniyi:

1. Mosamalitsa kutsatira mlingo.
2. Kumwa mankhwala pa wina ndi nthawi yomweyo. Mfundo imeneyi ndi yankho waukulu funso momwe kumwa mankhwala opha tizilombo.
3. Mwawerenga mosamala malangizo. mankhwala ambiri chinajambulidwa pambuyo chakudya, koma pali kuchotserapo.
4. Sambani pansi mankhwala madzi oyera. Tiyi, khofi, timadziti, zipatso zakumwa, mkaka angathe kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwala.
5. Mulimonse mmene lekani kutenga kale kuposa atapita mankhwala.
6. Mbiri pa moyo wa mfundo zonse za aliyense wa mankhwala (chifukwa nthawi imene mlingo matupi awo sagwirizana ndi zochita zina chokhwima). Makamaka izo nkhawa ana, chifukwa dokotala, pamaso pofotokoza mmene kutenga mankhwala kwa ana, m'pofunika kupeza zimene wodwalayo kale ankachitira. Njira imeneyi kumathandiza kwambiri kusankha mankhwala bwino.
7. Mukawafunse adotolo anu kupereka malangizo kwa inoculation bakiteriya. Njira imeneyi zimathandiza kuphunzira kudziwa mankhwala mosavuta pazipita kuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda onse.
8. Musati kukakamiza dokotala Kwalamulidwa mankhwala popanda chifukwa. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti kumwa mankhwala amphamvu adzakhala kufulumizitsa kuchira, koma si choncho.
9. M'malo moganiza za mmene "Linex" ndi mankhwala, kukhala thupi lanu. Yogurt ndi yogurt - ndi mabwenzi enieni a thupi lanu.
10. Kudya zakudya. Mankhwala amphamvu ndi chitetezo ofooka. Choncho, kumulola kuti achire mwamsanga, kukana mchere, mafuta, okoma, kusuta, yokazinga, zakudya zamzitini. Kudya yaing'ono, chakudya pafupipafupi, kuwonjezera zakudya zanu servings zambiri za masamba ndi zipatso, mkaka mankhwala.

Sasintha mankhwala anu pa malangizo a pharmacist kapena bwenzi!