Mtima glycosides. Ndi chiyani icho?

glycosides mtima ofanana mu dongosolo mankhwala kwa ya ndulu zidulo, cortisone, mavitamini, mahomoni, mafuta m'thupi. zinthu zimenezi ndi metabolites zachilengedwe kukhalabe chamoyo yachibadwa za mtima.

glycosides mtima ndi lopangidwa glucone (shuga) ndi aglycone. Iwo aglycone ndi kudziwa za mankhwala ntchito pharmacological. Yolowera anachita ndi zinthu zina yogwira zipangitsa unsaturated zisanu ziwalo mphete dongosolo lawo.

glycosides mtima wa zimakhala ndi ziwalo amafalitsidwa omangidwa. Zikhudze zochita zawo - ndi myocardium, amene amasonkhana 10 okha% ya chiphunzitso, ndi zina 50% chili mu striated minofu komwe amayambitsa zotsatira iliyonse.

Pakuti nthawi ya zochita za glycosides mtima anawagawa:

- yaitali - digitoxin,

- pakati - digoxin

- yochepa - strofantin, Korglikon.

Mtima glycosides: limagwirira kanthu

Mu boma yachibadwa mu cardiomyocytes zili nthawi 30 potaziyamu ndi nthawi 20 zochepa ndi sodium. Pa zina, pamwamba kunja kwa khungu nembanemba ndithu mlandu, ndi mkati - M'malo mwake, ndi negative. Pa malemeredwe chifukwa Kakhungu depolarization: soda ndi kashiamu kulowa selo. Pa ndondomeko imeneyi, potaziyamu mukhoza kudutsa selo nembanemba. Mwamsanga pamene iwo anatuluka selo, repolarization ndondomeko akuyamba. mphindi Izi zimachitika asananene minofu chidule. Choncho, kuchuluka kwa kashiamu adakhala amapereka maselo kuchepetsa. Potaziyamu ayoni otsala muchipindachi, ndi muzikangana kwa ndondomekoyi.

glycosides mtima kufulumizitsa chiyambi cha repolarization ndi kupereka zokolola pazipita cardiomyocytes potaziyamu. Pambuyo kuchepetsa n'kofunika kuti abwezeretse bwino ayoni mkati ndi kunja kwa chipinda (potaziyamu ndi sodium wochuluka kubwerera zokolola). Zimenezi amadalira maselo mphamvu malo mkhalapakati ndi ATP-ase enzyme. malo ake yogwira - sulfhydryl gulu. glycosides mtima ndigwire malo yogwira, kuchepetsa ntchito. Zonsezi kumabweretsa chakuti ndi sodium ayoni kukhala muchipindachi, ndipo izi Iyamba isanayambike wa depolarization lotsatira. Ngati zili ayoni potaziyamu adzakhala ndichepe kwambiri, kaphatikizidwe wa creatine mankwala wasweka, imbaenda kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chidule cha minofu mtima.

Mtima glycosides: contraindications

contraindications mtheradi ntchito zawo: atrioventricular chipika II digiri, nkusani bradycardia, thupi lawo siligwirizana ndi mankhwala, kuledzera iwo.

Pakuti contraindications wachibale zotsatirazi: ciliary bradyarrhythmia, AV-chipika digiri Ine, odwala nkusani matenda, matenda a mitima, nkusani bradycardia, matenda oopsa, mtima, hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, aimpso kapena m'mapapo mwanga insufficiency mbiri.

Ndi zosayenera ntchito glycosides mtima pansi zinthu zotsatirazi: amyloidosis mtima, diastolic mtima buku zimamuchulukira ndi insufficiency kung'ambika, thyrotoxicosis, pachimake m'mnyewa wamtima infarction, cardiomyopathy, constrictive pericarditis, kulephera congestive mtima pokhalabe mkulu mtima linanena bungwe, magazi m'thupi ndi zina zotero.

Mwachindunji okha contraindications chifukwa pakalibe systolic kukanika, lomwe limafotokoza inefficiency wa glycosides mtima. Ndipo Mwachitsanzo, pa chitukuko cha pachimake m'mnyewa wamtima infarction, ntchito kungakhale chitukuko cha arrhythmias, amene amapereka madokotala ananena zawo osauka moyo zina wodwala.

Patsogolo ntchito glycosides mtima ayenera kuonana ndi katswiri. Izi zingathandize kuletsa kukula kwa mavuto aakulu.