Kodi chimasiyanitsa "Khrushchev" ndi "brezhnevki", "stalinka": makhalidwe, ubwino ndi kuipa Nyumba

Pa yachiwiri nyumba msika mu Russian mizinda yambiri "ufumu" mitundu itatu nyumba, "stalinka", "Khrushchev" ndi "brezhnevki". Ofuna kugula kapena kugulitsa malo awa nkofunika kuona kusiyana pakati pawo, ndi kudziwa ubwino kiyi ndi kuipa kwa nyumba zimenezi.

The mitundu ikuluikulu nyumba

Musanayambe kuphunzira kusiyanitsa "Breznev" pa "Khrushchev" ndi "stalinka", ife kufotokoza mitundu yonse yaikulu ya nyumba ku Russia:

• Stalin nyumba. Mokhala nyumba zomangidwa mu ulamuliro wa JV Stalin - mu zaka 1930-1940.
• "Khrushchev". Nyumba mu njerwa kapena zoduliratu nyumba, massively anamumanga 1950-1960 gg.
• "Brezhnevki". Chitsanzo nyumba mu nyumba multifamily, anamanga mu 1960-1980 gg.
• "Uluchshenki". Nyumba ndi bwino kapangidwe m'nyumba za 1980s lapansi. Ankasiyana kuchuluka dera, bafa osiyana, khitchini ndi zipinda zazikulu (makonde); nyumba zinyalala nazo, chikepe.
• Modern monolithic kunyumba. The yaikulu otsegula dongosolo nyumba, ndi osiyana msinkhu denga, ndi makoma olimba.
• Nyumba m'nyumba ano zoduliratu ndi yodziyimira payokha.

Kuti timvetse kusiyana pakati pa "Khrushchev" ndi "brezhnevki" kapena "stalinka", mwachidule kufotokoza lililonse gulu la nyumba.

"Stalinka": danga poyera ndi kudenga mkulu

kunyumba Stalin - uli mu njira komanso zinthu zambiri zodabwitsa mu mzimu wa neoclassicism kutalika kwa 2-5 mbewu. The zinthu zofunika njerwa (woyera, wofiira) anali nawo pa siteji kutsirizitsa chidafundidwa ndi pulasitala. Mfundo zosangalatsa: mu chisanadze nkhondo "stalinkas" simenti pansi slab anali yekha woyamba ndi wotsiriza pansi denga, ndi simenti mkati zinali za matabwa. Mu nyumba pambuyo nkhondo mbewu zonse zinali za analimbitsa simenti.

"Stalinka" - ziri makamaka Mipikisano chipinda nyumba (3-4 zipinda), chosowa kwambiri pakati pawo pali umodzi, awiri. Malo ndi ya kanema wabwino, m'makhitchini wotakasuka ndi hallways kutali ndi zipinda wina ndi mzake, mwa zina, makonde. Koma koposa zonse, "stalinka" phindu kwa kutalika kudenga - 2.8-3.2 m.

"Khrushchev": waung'ono, koma wake

Kupitiriza kulankhula za kusiyana pakati pa "Khrushchev" ndi "brezhnevki" kupenda makhalidwe a chipinda, anamanga mu ulamuliro m'malo Stalin. The Mwambi ntchito yomanga nyumba zogona, yomwe inayamba mu 1955 ndi lamulo "Pa chitukuko cha zomangamanga nyumba ku Soviet Union", anali kuyankhula: "Zonse banja - yaing'ono, koma nyumba zawo"

"Khrushchev" - ndi njerwa lililonse ndi nyumba zoduliratu mu mbewu 3-5, ndi kudenga otsika (mamita 2.5), ndi maofesi palibe mwayi (chimakweza ndi zimbudzi). mtengo kamangidwe ka nyumba onsewa sanapite - iwo zinamangidwa okha Kupha kuchepekedwa nyumba. Loyamba- ndi ziwiri kuchipinda nyumba ndi ofooka soundproofed pamaso uninsulated zipinda pafupi, ang'ono kuphatikiza kusamba.

"Brezhnevki": bwino mkulu-nyamuka

Kodi chimasiyanitsa "Khrushchev" ndi "brezhnevki" chithunzi akusonyeza limasonyeza kuti nthawi ya Leonida Ilicha kunyumba kale nyumba zosanja zitalizitali mu apansi 5-14. Onse anali anamanga, anasintha, modernized chikalata chimodzi - m'ndandanda umodzi wa mfundo nyumbayi. "Brezhnevki" ndipo anakhala mu njira zambiri zinachitika nyumba zamakono omasuka atsopano. Khalidwe la nyumba kwambiri bwino mu hallways anaonekera chutes ndi zikepe, ndi stairways ndi nsanja kukhala lalikulu.

Mkati nyumba mukhoza kuona Brezhnev nyengo ali osiyana bafa ndi kuvala chipinda, kumatira mu mabafa, ndi lalikulu kwa zipinda. Komabe, ikhala onse chomwecho pafupi-khitchini, hallway ndi sanpomescheniya. Ndizo zonse. Tsopano inu kudziwa kusiyana kwa "Khrushchev" ndi "brezhnevki" malamulo.

ubwino bwino

Mofanana ndi china chirichonse mu nyumba pamwamba ndi ubwino wawo ndi kuipa. Kuti ankamvetsa bwino za kusiyana apartments- "Khrushchev" ndi "brezhnevki" ndi "stalinka", kuyang'ana pa ubwino onse:

• "Stalinka" malo abwino (m'mizinda yambiri, nyumba awa ali pakati), lalikulu mawonekedwe, kudenga mkulu, chabwino matenthedwe ndi lamayimbidwe kutchinjiriza, mazenera lalikulu, Kutentha, ofunda ndi owuma nyumba njerwa, makoma yosalala ndi siling'i.
• "Khrushchev": chodya, malo, ngati osati pakati, m'dera ndi ndithu zomangamanga bwino anayamba.
• "Brezhnevki": zipinda osiyana, malo abwino mu mzindawo, chikepe ndi zinyalala, Kamangidwe yabwino, wachibale "unyamata" nyumbayo, m'nyumba zoduliratu - mwangwiro yosalala makoma ndi siling'i.

zolakwa zofunika

Kuti bwino kusiyana pakati pa "Khrushchev" ndi "brezhnevki" ndi "stalinka" ndi kupeza bwino mbali zamizimu nyumba izi:

• "Stalinka" malo apansi woyamba amayenda alibe loggias ndi zipinda (osati kuwerengera zofufuzafufuza eni yapita), simenti zolimba kukwera mtengo kwa nyumba ndi tikonze, kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa onse nyumbayi ndi kulankhulana ake, kupanda zomangamanga zamakono - ndi pamalo, zinyalala, mobisa kwambiri magalimoto ndi zina zotero. d.
• "Khrushchev": a digiri yapamwamba ya avale, n'zotheka zosayembekezereka wa ming'alu pa makoma ndi nkhungu, kudenga otsika (2.5 m), kutchinjiriza kwambiri osauka, kutchinjiriza osauka (otentha m'chilimwe ndi kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira), zipinda pafupi kapena kulankhulana, wovuta makonde yopapatiza ndi masitepe maselo, yaing'ono khitchini ndi chipinda WC, ndi analimbikitsa utumiki moyo wa nyumba - zaka 25.
• "Brezhnevki": yaing'ono khitchini, makoma, napempha pafupipafupi kukonza (ikudontha m'makoma kunja, matabwa lotseguka mkati), 5 etazhki palibe Matola, chifukwa ophatikizidwa mpanda wa batire ozizira pa nyengo yozizira, chifukwa subsidence wa simenti amakhala kwambiri m'goli .

Motero, "stalinka" - kwambiri mtengo, komanso zochepa otchuka. "Khrushchev" ndi "brezhnevki" mofulumira kupeza wogula, kubweretsa limapezeka. Choncho mitundu yonse ya nyumba ziwiriziwiri ndi mndandanda waukulu wa ubwino ndi kuipa.