Kodi anthu? Chilinganizo peresenti. Chiwerengero - kuŵerenga?

Masiku ano m'dziko la masiku simungakhoze kuchita popanda chiwongoladzanja. Ngakhale kusukulu, kuyambira kalasi 5, ana kuphunzira mfundo ndi kuthetsa mavuto a ukulu uwu. Chidwi opezeka iliyonse dera la nyumba ano. Mwachitsanzo, mabanki, kuchuluka ngongole overpaid zimadalira ukulu wa mgwirizano; pa gawo ndalama komanso mmoyo wa chiwongola dzanja. Choncho n'kofunika kofunika kudziwa kuchuluka zomwe.

Lingaliro chidwi

Malinga ndi nthano ina, anthu anachokera ku typo opusa. Compositor anaika nambala 100, koma wosakaniza ndi kuikidwa motere: 010. Zimenezi limene woyamba ziro pang'ono anakweza ndi zina adatchithisira. Unit inasanduka backslash a. mwai zoterozo zinali chakuti panali peresenti chizindikiro. Kumene, pali nthano zina za chiyambi cha ukulu uwu.

About peresenti Ahindu wodziwika mu m'ma V. Ku Ulaya decimals, amene kumagwirizana lingaliro wathu anatuluka zitatha Zakachikwi ndi. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mu World Old chiweruzo chimene chili kuchuluka analowa wasayansi ku Belgium Simon Stevin. Mu 1584 icho poyamba lofalitsidwa tebulo la mfundo izi asayansi chomwecho.

Mawu "chidwi" ali kunayambira ku chinenero Latin monga ovomereza centum. Ngati ife kumasulira mawu, inu kupeza "handiredi". Choncho, pansi kuchuluka ananena kuti zana limodzi la nambala udzakwaniritsidwa. mtengo Izi akusonyeza% chizindikiro.

Chifukwa choti mwayi kuyerekeza ziwalo za lonse mosavuta. Maonekedwe a pamtengo kwambiri wosalira ndi mawerengedwe, kotero iwo afala.

Translation tuzigawo twa kuti chiwerengero

Kutembenuza decimal kuti chiwerengero ukafunidwe otchedwa chilinganizo chidwi: kachigawo ndi kuchulukitsa ndi 100% ali zimachitika chifukwa cha.

Ngati mukufuna kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa tuzigawo twa, m'pofunika kuti ayambe kupanga decimal, kenako ntchito chilinganizo pamwamba.

Translation peresenti kachigawo

Mwaichi, ndi peresenti chilinganizo m'malo wachibale. Koma muyenera kudziwa m'mene kumasulira mtengo uwu mu mawu fractional. Kutembenuza gawo (kuchuluka) mu decimals, m'pofunika kuchotsa% chizindikiro ndi kugawana chithunzi ndi 100.

Dongosolo la kuwerengetsa kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha

A mayeso ntchito pa kapangidwe ka munthu "wolemekezeka" analandira 30% ya ophunzira. Total ophunzira 40 m'kalasimo. Kodi ophunzira ambiri analemba mafunso pa "5"? Ntchito imeneyi ikusonyeza kuti tipeze kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero.

yankho;

1) 40 × 30 = 1200.

2) 1200: 100 = 12 (ophunzira).

Yankho: mafunso pa "5" lolembedwa ndi ophunzira 12.

Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito okonzeka zopangidwa tebulo kuti imalemba ena tuzigawo twa ndi chiwerengero kuti afanane iwo.

Iwo likukhalira kuti peresenti chiwerengero ndiyo njira motere: C = ^{(A ∙ B)} / ₁₀₀ kumene A - chiwerengero pachiyambi (chitsanzo mndandanda wofanana 40); B - kuchuluka chidwi (mu ntchito imeneyi B = 30%); C - chifukwa ankafuna.

Chilinganizo aŵerenga kuchuluka

Ntchito yotsatira isonyeza kuchuluka Kodi ndi mmene kupeza chiwerengero pa kuchuluka kwa.

Chovala fakitale opangidwa madiresi 1,200, amene 32% - latsopano kavalidwe kalembedwe. Ndi angati atsopano kalembedwe madiresi chopangidwa chovala fakitale?

yankho;

1. 1200: 100 = 12 (s) - 1% ya mankhwala onse opangidwa.

2. 12 × 32 = 384 (zovala).

Yankho: fakitale opangidwa 384 madiresi kalembedwe latsopano.

Ngati m'pofunika kupeza chiwerengero cha chidwi chake, ntchito mfundo zotsatirazi: C = ^{(A ∙ 100)} / _B, kumene A - chiwerengero cha zinthu (Pankhaniyi A = 1200); B - kuchuluka chidwi (makamaka ntchito B = 32%); C - kuchuluka osadziwika.

Kuwonjezeka, kucheperachepera chiwerengero cha peresenti anakonzeratu chiwerengero

Ophunzira ayenera kuphunzira kuti chidwicho amaona ndi kuthetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana. Kuti ayenera kumvetsa monga kuwonjezeka kapena mwayamba kufooka chiwerengero pa N%.

Kaŵirikaŵiri amapatsidwa ntchito, ndi moyo m'pofunika mudziwe chiwerengero chomwecho, chinawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka inayake chidwi. Mwachitsanzo, anapatsidwa chiwerengero cha H. Tiyenera kudziwa kufunika X, ngati kuenjezera, kunena, 40%. Choyamba m'pofunika kumasulira 40% fractional chiwerengero (40/100). Choncho, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha X adzakhala: X 40 + X% ∙ = ^{(1 + _40/100)} ∙ X = 1,4 ∙ H. Ngati m'malo ife mmalo chiwerengero cha X, kutenga Mwachitsanzo, 100, kenako mawu lonse ndi wofanana : 1,4 ∙ X = 1,4 ∙ 100 = 140.

Pafupifupi zomwezo ndi ntchito ndi kucheperachepera manambala a peresenti anakonzeratu chiwerengero. M'pofunika kuchita kuwerengetsera kuti: X - X = 40% ∙ X ∙ ^(1-40 / ₁₀₀₎ = 0,6 ∙ X. Ngati Mtengo 100, ndiye 0.6 ∙ X = ^0.6. 100 = 60.

Pali ntchito kumene mukufuna kudziwa, nambala peresenti angati.

Mwachitsanzo, anapatsidwa ntchito dalaivala atakwera gawo limodzi njira pa liwiro la 80 km / h. Pa malo ena a liwiro sitima kuchuluka kwa 100 Km / h. Ndi kuchuluka chawonjezeka liwiro treniyo?

yankho;

Musamachite 80 km / h - 100%. Ndiye timasindikiza kuwerengetsera: (100% ∙ 100 Km / h) / 80 km / h = 1000 8 = 125%. Iwo likukhalira kuti 100 Km / h - ndi 125%. Kupeza momwe kuonjezera liwiro la, m'pofunika kuwerengera: 125% - 100% = 25%.

Yankho: 25% kuwonjezeka liwiro la sitima ku chigawo chachiwiri.

Molingana

Pali milandu pamene m'pofunika kuthetsa mavuto cha chidwi, ntchito mchimake. Ndipotu njira kupeza zotsatira Pamlingo waukulu mosavuta ophunzira, aphunzitsi osati.

Ndiye kodi chiwerengero? Mawu amenewa amanena Kuyanjana pakathi ubale ziwiri zimene tingasonyezere motere: ^A / _B = ^C / _D.

Mu masamu mabuku ulamuliro kutchulidwa: mankhwala kwa anthu kwambiri wofanana ndi mankhwala a pafupifupi. Zimenezi ndi zimenenso ndi chilinganizo zotsatirazi: D = A × B × C

Ndi chiphunzitso ichi, n'zotheka awerengere nambala iliyonse ngati ena anthu atatu kufanana ndi odziwika. Mwachitsanzo, A - nambala yosadziŵika. Muyenera kupeza kuti

Kuthetsa mavuto ndi chiwerengero ayenera kumvetsa ndi kutenga nambala chidwi. Pali nthawi pamene muyenera kutenga gawo la zosintha zosiyanasiyana. Yerekezerani:

1. Pambuyo kugulitsa-kuchokera mu mtengo wa malaya sitolo chinawonjezeka ndi 25% ndi anakwana rubles 200. Kodi phindu pa nthawi ya zogulitsa.

yankho;

Pankhaniyi kuchuluka koyenera rubles 200 limafanana 125% ya pachiyambi (rasprodazhnoy) malaya mitengo. Ndiye, kuti tipeze phindu lake pa nthawi ya zogulitsa, m'pofunika (200 × 100): 125. The phindu 160 rubles.

2. Pa dziko Vitsenets anthu 200,000: anthu ndi oimira yotha mitundu Naawi. Naawi nkhani 80% ya Vitsenets chonse cha anthu. 40% ya anthu ndi otanganidwa wanga, mpumulo ndi ncho tetanium. Ndi anthu angati ncho tetanium?

yankho;

Chinthu choyamba kupeza numerically chiwerengero cha anthu ndi kuchuluka kwa Naawi. Choncho, 80% ya 200 000 adzakhala wofanana 160 000. oimira ambiri a mitundu yotha moyo pa Vitsenets. chiwerengero cha anthu, motero, wofanana 40 000. Mwa imeneyi, 40%, mwachitsanzo 16 000, kutumikira wanga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti 24 000 anthu tikugwira m'zigawo tetaniuma.

Mobwerezabwereza kusintha chiwerengero mu angapo chidwi

Pamene zinali zoonekeratu kuti kuchuluka, m'pofunika kufufuza mfundo za kusintha mtheradi ndi wachibale. An akatembenuka njira mtheradi zikuchuluka nambala yeniyeni. Choncho, X chinawonjezeka ndi 100. Kodi m'malo kukhala lathuli kapena X, komabe chiwerengero ichi chidzachulukira 100: 15 + 100; 99.9 + 100; 100 ndi T +. D.

Posintha wachibale zikutanthauza kuwonjezeka mtengo ndi chiwerengero kuchuluka. Tiyerekeze X chinawonjezeka ndi 20%. kumatanthauza kuti X adzakhala: X + ∙ 20%. Kusintha wachibale amatanthauza nthawi iliyonse zifika ponso theka kapena gawo limodzi kuchepa kotala ya wowonjezera ndi 15% ndi zina zotero. D.

Pali mfundo ina yofunika: ngati mtengo wa X ndi chinawonjezeka ndi 20%, kenaka wina 20%, kubweretsa kuchuluka okwana ndi 44%, osati 40%. Izi zikuonekera pa kuwerengetsera zotsatirazi:

X + 1. 20% ∙ X = 1,2 ∙ X

2. 1,2 ∙ X + 20% ∙ 1,2 ∙ X = 1,2 ∙ + 0,24 ∙ X X X = 1,44 ∙

Izi zikusonyeza kuti X chinawonjezeka ndi 44%.

Zitsanzo za mavuto cha chidwi

1. kuchuluka Kodi chiwerengero 36 ndi nambala 9?

yankho;

Ndi kupeza kuchuluka chilinganizo cha nambala 9 ayenera kuchulukitsa ndi 100 ndi kugawidwa ndi 36.

A: The nambala 9 ndi 25% 36.

2. Ŵerengerani chiwerengero C, amene ali 10% 40.

yankho;

Malinga ndi chilinganizo kupeza chiwerengero cha anthu ake, 40 ayenera kuchulukitsa ndi 10 ndipo chotsatira lagawidwa ndi 100.

A: The nambala 4 ochokera 40 10%.

3. bwenzi woyamba padera pa malonda a rubles 4500, wachiwiri - 3,500 rubles, ndi wachitatu - 2000 rubles. Iwo anapanga phindu mu 2400 rubles. Phindu tikhulupirira mofanana. Kodi rubles ambiri anataya okondedwa choyamba, poyerekeza, mochuluka bwanji iye ali, ngati iwo unagawanika ndalama mogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama padera?

yankho;

Choncho, pamodzi iwo padera rubles 10,000. Ndalama pa gawo anali wofanana rubles 800. Kupeza momwe chambiri kuti naye koyamba ndi mmene Choncho anataya, m'pofunika kudziwa kuchuluka kwa ndalama padera. Ndiye muyenera kuphunzira mmene kupindula rubles ya zopereka. Ndi wotsiriza - kuchotsera rubles 800 kuchokera chotsatira.

Yankho: okondedwa choyamba anataya 280 rubles, ndi kugawana phindu.

chuma pang'ono

Lero, ndithu wotchuka funso - ngongole processing kwa nthawi mwasankha. Koma mmene kusankha yopindulitsa ngongole, osati kulipira? Choyamba, muyenera kuyang'ana pa mlingo chidwi. Ndi zofunika kuti chithunzi inafika ngati nkotheka. Ife ndiye ntchito chilinganizo cha kuwerengetsa chidwi ngongole ya.

Monga ulamuliro, kukula kwa overpayment amakhudza kuchuluka kwa ngongole, chiwongola dzanja ndi njira alipire. Kusiyanitsa annuity ndi malipiro kusiyanitsidwa. Mbali yoyamba, ngongole N'chimodzimodzinso pang'onopang'ono ofanana mwezi uliwonse. Ndiye kuchuluka okuta waukulu ngongole ukuwonjezeka ndi mtengo chidwi pang'ono ndi pang'ono yafupika. Pankhani chachiwiri kreditozaemschik amalipira ndalama lokhazikika kwa alipire ngongole, kwa amene anawonjezera chidwi pa lapadera yaikulu bwino. Pamwezi okwana ndalama adzakhala ndichepe.

Tsopano tiyenera kuganizira njira onse a alipire. Choncho, pamene annuity buku la overpayment adzakhala apamwamba ndi masiyanidwe - kuchuluka kwa malipiro oyamba. Mwachibadwa, mawu ngongole ndi chimodzimodzi kwa milandu onse.

Pomaliza

Kotero chidwi. Kodi kuwerenga? Osavuta. Komabe, iwo nthawi zina zingakhalenso zovuta. Nkhani imeneyi wayamba kuphunzira mu sukulu, koma amakumana ndi munda wa ngongole, madipoziti, misonkho ndi zina zotero. D. Choncho, zofunika kufika pachimake pa nkhaniyi. Koma ngati n'zosatheka kuchita anapezazo, pali zambiri toŵerengera Intaneti kuthana ndi ntchitoyo.