IL-96-400: kufotokoza, makhalidwe ndi maonekedwe

IL-96-300 ndi IL-96-400, monga momwe adalowa dzina zikusonyeza - awiri Mabaibulo a ndege zomwezo, olengedwa mwa okonza Russian. Baibulo chachiwiri amayenera kukhala zomveka kupitiriza woyamba, koma zifukwa zingapo kuti makina chosiyana. Ndege mkati amasiyana, magawo luso ndi makhalidwe ndege ... tsoka.

Poyamba, izi zombo za mayendedwe a anthu, motero, mu sing'anga ndi wautali. Koma tsopano chitsanzo 300 yekha ndiye mutsogoleli wadziko detachment ndipo ine-400 ... Ndipotu, chirichonse mu dongosolo. Zofunika mbali ndi zithunzi za IL-96-400 chitsanzo tikambirana.

nkhani

Mu zaka za m'ma 80, OKB Ilyushin anayamba sing'anga-osiyanasiyana ndege, dzina lake IL 86. galimoto analengedwa ndi miyezo yovomerezeka ya nthawi. Mosiyana ndi kale 62 TH ndi ena chitukuko Tupolev injini ndi 86th pa pylons pansi pa phiko. Ndege lonse thupi, ndi amakono (pa nthawi) Motors ndi machitidwe kulamulira. Pakuti chinthu chimodzi: kwathunthu m'malo chakale IL 62, makina simungathe panobe.

Cha m'ma 80, pali deta pa mwakwera ndege IL 96. Zimenezi ayenera ikukhudzana bwanji ndi mtundu lonse thupi, koma kukhala yaitali kwambiri kuposa galimoto. Maziko a ndege watsopano ayenera kutumikira 86, koma ndi kusinthidwa yoyenera za liwiro, akasinja buku mafuta, ndi kuthekera ndege yaitali. mayesero ndege yoyamba kunachitika mu 1988, ndi kuŵeta akuyamba mu 1993. Mu 2009, iwo analengeza decommissioning zitsanzo kupanga ngati opanda chiyembekezo. M'zaka zimenezi, dziko anaona okwana 22 (malinga ndi zina 28) za makina. Khalanibe pa ntchito ya ndege imene ikugwira ntchito Cuba, pang'ono kusinthidwa Mabaibulo ntchito ndege "Russia" pa utumiki wa anthu oyamba a boma.

chitsanzo 300

Pambuyo chiyambi cha ulimi siriyo wa chitsanzo latsopano limene analandira index 300, Lifikira "Aeroflot". Chifukwa makina amene akhoza kupikisana ndi mphamvu yaikulu ya chitukuko cha "Boeing" ndi "Airbus", gulu chitukuko analandira State Prize. Ngakhale ndege imeneyi zodula, kudzanso ndi zinthu zina ngakhale kuposa chitukuko American, zoweta onyamula kugula "Boeing". Pankhaniyi, kulimbikitsa ngati chinthu zina za mtundu kwambiri kupusa. Mwachitsanzo, kuti "Boeing" mamembala adalira awiri ndi zitatu pa Ile. Kapena kuti "Boeing" ndi otetezeka, ngakhale kamangidwe ka chitukuko mayeso athu sizingakhale.

Mwatsatanetsatane specifications a ndege IL-96-300 pafupifupi buku lofanana ndi 400, monga dziwani kuti kukhalapo kwa chombo izi zimathandiza kuti "Aeroflot" kupanga ndege mwachindunji ku Moscow kumzinda uliwonse ku America, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kunyamula anthu 300 (odnosalonnaya mawonekedwe).

Kubadwa kwa 400

The galimoto yoyamba masanjidwe panali IL-96T. Iye anabadwa mu 1997 mu chimango cha Chirasha American panganoli. Russia anapereka glider, ndipo Achimereka akhala akupereka 4 injini ku "Pratt & Whitney" (monga ntchito "777") ndi pa bolodi avionics ku Collins. ndegeyo anali pang'ono lengthened fuselage, zipangizo katundu, ndipo ngakhale wakhala mbiri yabwino mfundo American FAR25. Koma kupanga zina sanabwere kuchokera. Ndi pa mfundo imeneyi pambuyo pake anamanga woyamba mphindi 400. Mu ndege anakhazikitsa Russian ndi Russian avionics injini chomwecho.

chitsanzo 400

Kumayambiriro kwa kutukula za m'ma kumasula zapamadzi kuti kuwuluka pa 500 kukafika patsogolo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo kutenga gulu kale anthu 435. Koma zovuta ndalama Russia pafupifupi amaika kutha ndege galimotolo koma pamaziko a mayendedwe ake ntchito Baibulo. Kusintha galimotolo zitseko katundu akuwonjezeka, ndipo mu 2007 pa mpweya amasonyeza akusonyeza chitukuko zotsatirazi la makampani Voronezh - IL-96-400T. Izi si chitukuko atsopano, kuyambira makhalidwe ntchito kukhala sichinasinthe. zaka ziwiri ndege chabe, kusintha eni, monga magolovesi, koma mu 2009 galimoto anachita chidwi mu Russia kampani "Flight" ndi woyamba ndege atatu anatumiza kwa iye (awiri asonkhanitsa kale, 2007 ndipo zinakhala zitsanzo monga experimental). Choncho, tsiku inayake ntchito akuti ndi 23 April 2009. Karpov, pulezidenti wa "Flight", akufuna kuonjezera chiwerengero cha makina mpaka zidutswa 6, koma mu 2013, chotengera anazindikira zinatha. Voronezh anasonkhana ndege chachinayi, koma, pa zifukwa zoonekeratu, sichinayambe adagula ndi kampani.

Koma Baibulo zoyendera za ena chidwi wogula - pa Russian Air Force. Pakali pano, pali mphekesera 30 ndege zoyendera ndi zitsanzo ambiri 300. Nduna kuchokera ku Unduna wa silikhali ananena kuti pulogalamu anaika kwa zaka 10, kuti galimotoyo lomaliza 2024.

masanjidwe

Pa moyo wake zovuta IL 96 kakusintha zosintha angapo. Kuwonjezera zitsanzo zofunika - 300 ndi 400, izo anamasulidwa angapo options, zambiri zinali mwina lidzasinthidwa Mabaibulo ena, kapena kulamanzere monga zinachitika a. Ena mwa iwo:

• IL-96T - ndi zinachitika loyamba la masiku 400 chitsanzo. buku limodzi lokhali za mzere lonse, nthawi zina anasenza zida American.
• Il-96M - kope yachiwiri zinachitika pa. Chachikulu kusiyana anali lengthened fuselage.
• Il-96-300 - zonyamula lonse thupi ndege chitsanzo. Kwa zaka pafupifupi 20 zitsanzo izi (a okwana magalimoto 6 zosavomerezeka anayerekezera, kampani bwino pepala) zingapo zochepa ankagwiritsa ntchito ndi Aeroflot.
• IL-96-400 ndi 400T - motero kuti wodutsa ndi zoyendera ndege chitsanzo. Kapena matani mpaka 92 katundu, kapena anthu oposa 400.
• IL-96-400TZ - chitsanzo redesigned ku Baibulo m'mbuyomu. Mathanki amaganizira Russian Air Force. Ndi mu chimake izi, chitsanzo 400 amatsogozedwa momwe munakonzera m'malo a IL 78.
• Il-96-550 - zinachitika awiri decker ndege. Analogue a ku Boeing 747-400. Izo kupititsa patsogolo chitukuko - sanayambebe kudziwika.

mndandanda si makamaka m'gulu zitsanzo zingapo ryazryada "PU" (kulamulira mfundo) izi kusinthidwa 300 ndi 400 zitsanzo zomwe zili mu gulu osiyana "Russia" Airlines ndi mayiko gulu amatchedwa "board №1"

Features

Russian ndege IL-96-400 anali mu ndondomeko ya kulenga zinthu zingapo zimene kuwasiyanitsa ndi makampani ena ndege.

Ndege Pamadzi, ndi chidwi usilikali, ndi chitsanzo cha "awiri mwa". Zina akasinja mafuta anayikidwa mu fuselage, kodi olumikizidwa kwa dongosolo waukulu mafuta okwanira zina matani 62 a mafuta. ndegeyo akhoza kupulumutsa katundu pa mtunda wa 3500 Km. Ngati palibe kufunika refueling, n'zosavuta n'kukhala yonyamula wamba. ndege osiyanasiyana sadzasintha, koma katundu angathe kumwedwa matani 92.

Mbali yachiwiri zapamadzi abwera chitetezo. 96th anali ndege yekha mu dziko, okhoza kukhala bwinobwino, ngakhale mlandu wa cholakwa cha injini onse anayi pa bolodi. oyenera zinachitikadi pa mlandu woyamba ndi Russian oyendetsa mayeso. Mu ndege, zimitsani zonse 4 injini, kenako ndege bwinobwino anabzala monga zina zonse za kubzala.

mankhwala mfundo

Pansipa tikambirana zinthu zina ndi magawo a ndege IL-96-400. Luso makhalidwe a Baibulo zoyendera:

• kutalika - 64 mamita;
• kutalika - 15, 7;
• m'lifupi - 6.1 mamita;
• wingspan - 60,1m;
• phiko m'dera - 392 sq. mamita;
• zofunika kulemera (Max) - 270 mamita;
• zimafika liwiro - 850 Km / h;
• denga - 13.100 mamita;
• osiyanasiyana - 10,000 mamita;
• payload - 92 mamita;

• malo okhalamo - anthu 435 (kalasi imodzi malawi);
• Msewu wonyamukira ndege kwa zofunika - 2600m, kubzala - 1980 m.

ndege chiletso

Sindinachite mbiri ya ndege palibe yochepa, komabe anabweretsa agonje kwambiri kuti onyamula Russian, boma la ndege. Anagwirizana chifukwa cha zimene zinachitika mu August 2005, pamene kuchoka kwa Finland gulu pulezidenti analephera kupeza liwiro zofunika kupatukana. Malinga ndi mlengi akulu, tinasankha n'kosaloleka. chakuti IL-96-400 Features monga zolephera zotheka mayunitsi pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Hydraulics ali malo owonjezera mowa ndi zina 4. malo Ichi chidzakhala chokwanira kukhalabe mode wabwinobwino wa chopinga kwa onse gudumu 12 chombo, ngakhale pamene dongosolo ukulephera mawilo imodzi kapena ziwiri. Ntchito yawo adzakhala kusinthana kwa ena.

Pomaliza

Kwa zifukwa ndege IL-96-400, cholinga poyamba monga wautali kwambiri kuposa yonyamula, anawoloka kunkhondo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa mwakwera wa zapitazi, BBC opangidwa ndi makina omwe amatha kuchita ntchito angapo: kuchokera transporter ochiritsira kuti ayende ndegeyo. Apo ayi zinthu ziliri, zitsulo mbalame ndege m'dera la Soviet Union mu mtunda sing'anga ndi yaitali. Ndipotu mzere lonse 96 pachiyambi cholinga mmalo mwa magalimoto awiri: IL 86 ndi IL 62.