Icon Olga: Kodi kupemphera kutsogolo kwake?

Mfumukazi Olga, ndithudi, ndi umunthu kwambiri. Iwo anapita mu mbiri monga mlengi wa statehood ndi chikhalidwe Kievan Lazaro. Mu nthawi achikunja ndi dzanja mwamphamvu malamulo ukulu United Russian mayiko. Atalandira ubatizo wa zaka 60 zakubadwa, iye anaika mphamvu zonse moyo wake kufala kwa chikhulupiriro cha Chikristu pa dera la Russia. Kwa mlingo umenewu ndipo nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa imfa ya anthu ankaona woyera, ndi mu 1547 izo mwalamulo anatchedwa woyera. Olga zikuwoneka ngati chizindikiro? Photos Tingaone pansipa.

Choncho amene anali mkazi chachikulu ichi, ndi chimene chinali njira yake ya moyo?

Olga makolo anali Scandinavia, akubwera kuchokera Scandinavia. Pobadwa, iye dzina lake Helga, monga anakwatira Russian kalonga, ankatchedwa Russian kalembedwe Olga. kubadwa kwake, tsiku lenileni silikudziwika, komanso palibe umboni wa zaka mwana. Ife tikungodziwa kuti ankakhala m'mudzi onse Vybutovskaya mtsinje Wamkulu. Masiku amenewo, malamulo a Prince Oleg, wodziwika mu mbiri monga Aulosi. Mmodzi wa mwana wa mchimwene wake Igor ankasakidwa m'dera Pskov anaona malo wolemera kusaka tsidya lina la mtsinje. Iye anafunsa amene anali atakhala mu ngalawa mnyamatayo kupita naye ku tsidya lina. Tidapita ku gombe, kalonga wamng'ono anaona kuti zodabwitsa kukongola mtsikana atakhala pamaso pake. The kalonga anayamba n'kudziphatika kwa kukongola ndi maganizo chosayenera. Koma anaonetsa khalidwe la kukana ndi manyazi kalonga. Iye analonjeza adzawonongedwa yekha ngati iye sanaleke chibwenzi nthabwala. Kuti sobered Igor, kuti kuziziritsa Changu wake. Pamene ili nthawi kukwatirana ndi Igor, kukhoti anabwera atsikana ambiri wolemekezeka ku malo osiyana, koma kenako adakumbukira kukongola yosatsutsika ndi anatumiza matchmakers kunyumba makolo ake.

Young ankaimba ukwati, koma tsiku lenileni samadziwika izo. mwana wake woyamba ndi kokha Sviatoslav Olga anabereka 942, ponena za moyo wa Olga ndi mwamuna mwake pang'ono kudziwika. Iye anali munthu wankhondo, achikunja, kugonjetsa dziko loyandikira. Mu 945, Igor ndi anamuperekeza wake anapita Drevlyane lapansi kusonkhanitsa msonkho. Koma atafika pamalopo, ananena kuti misonkho mlingo ndi kawiri. anthu anakwiya dziko drevlyan anapha kalonga ndi anamuperekeza wake. Oopa kubwezera kupha Prince wa Kiev, iwo anapereka wamng'ono kalonga kukwatira wolamulira wawo wamng'ono. Olga anali pulani aluso. Iye anapereka chilolezo chake. Koma mwamsanga pamene akazembe Drevlyane anafika ku Kiev, linali labwino mozunzika imfa - m'manda wamoyo. A akazembe chachiwiri anatenthedwa moyo kusamba. Pambuyo Olga anasonkhana kumuwombera ndipo anatsogolera ntchitoyi kwa Drevlyane. Ndi iye anatenga mwana wakhanda wa Svyatoslav, amene anali atachoka zaka 5. No kukopa ndi malonjezo a mdani osasunthika chifundo mtima wa mkazi wamasiye wachinyamatayo. anthu oposa 5000 anaphedwa mu nkhondo pansi makoma likulu Drevlyansky dziko Iskorosten. Patapita chaka, Olga kachiwiri ndi asilikali anabwera mzinda ndi kutentha pansi. anthu onse kupulumuka anagulitsidwa ku ukapolo. nthawi amphamvu, ndi ulemu mwankhanza!

Moyo wopanda mwamuna wake

Pa mapewa a mkazi uja m'manja mwa mwana ndi ukulu wa. Opanda chifundo adani Olga zinali zabwino kwambiri ndi woona kwa anthu ake. Anthu ankamukonda kwa mtima mtundu. Iye anapita pa nthaka Russian, kukonza moyo wa zandale ndiponso zachuma a boma wamng'ono. Zinali iye amene analenga centralization mphamvu ya mkulu Kiev. Iye analamulira boma osati monga mkazi ofooka, koma ngati munthu wamphamvu ndi wanzeru. Iye mwamphamvu anakhala wamphamvu mu manja awo ndi molimba mtima atetezera kwa adani.

Mpaka mapeto a masiku ake Olga anakhala mkazi wamasiye moona mtima, wosafuna kuposa kukwatira. moyo wake zoyera wakhala chitsanzo kwa mibadwo ya m'tsogolo. Olga Knyazhye mpaka Sviatoslav sakusintha. Pambuyo pake, iye anamupatsa iye mpando wachifumu pobvomereza, ndipo iye unachoka boma ndipo anakhala Vyshgorod. Mtanda unaonetseratu kupereka kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili za malipiro m'tawuni Kiev, ndi chachitatu kusiya zosowa za mzinda wake ndi bwalo. Izo ndi Olga anafotokozedwa malire loyamba Kievan Lazaro anali outposts, amene anaimba ngwazi epic, kulondera mtendere wa dziko Russian. Pamene Olga Russia anayamba kukhala wamphamvu.

kufunafuna Mulungu

Olga chibadwire anali Wamitundu. Koma iye anali kufunafuna Mulungu. Kuyang'ana Byzantium, anadziŵa kuti mphamvu ya boma sikokwanira, muyenera kwambiri ndi moyo wauzimu wa anthu wakhala anakonza. Mfumukazi ndi zombo zikuluzikulu anapita ndi timu ku Constantinople, kuona ndekha moyo wa mpingo wa Mulungu ndi kuphunzira ziphunzitso za Kristu. History silinatchulenso zifukwa kudakali Olga zimenezi. Mwina anafuna kupanga chigwirizano ndi lamphamvu loyandikana nalo, kapena anasamukira malingaliro ena. Mbiriyakale amagwirizana pa chinthu chimodzi - kusankha ubatizo anali zaufulu ndi olandiridwa. Koma ngati Olga ndimangofuna kuti abatizidwe, iye akanakhoza kuchita izo ndi kunyumba. Pa nthawiyi, ansembe Mkhristu kale anali mu Russia.

Ndi ndi chimwambo chachikulu anapita ku Constantinople, kuti osati kuphunzira za Khristu, koma kusonyeza ukulu wa Kievan Lazaro. Kuona kukongola kwa mipingo, atakhala pa ntchito, anamva uthenga, Olga ankakhulupirira ndi mtima wake onse mwa Mpulumutsi wa dziko. Sacramenti ya ubatizo ndi kholo Konstantinopolskiy Feofilakt yekha (zaka 933-956). godfather ake anali Mfumu Konstantin Bagryanorodny (912-959 zaka). Pa ubatizo iye analandira dzina Helena polemekeza woyamba Mfumukazi Akristu, amene anapereka moyo wake kupeza Cross Woyera. Malinga ndi nthano, mbadwa anadalitsa Olga mawu: "Ndiwe wodalitsidwa mwa akazi, Russian monga anakonda kuwala ndi mdima kumanzere."

Kuwonjezera ubatizo, "kuyenda" Olga anali Agiriki ndi tanthauzo zamtendere. Kukhala Mapu, iye akupatsa nkhani zambiri ndi misonkhano malonda.

Tikaonanso Kiev, iye anatenga zithunzi, mabuku opatulika. Choncho anayamba apostolate ake. Motsogozedwa ake, linamangidwa mpingo woyamba mu ulemu Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, yomwe inamangidwa pa manda wa woyamba Kievan Mkhristu kalonga Askold. Ambiri a Kiev Saint Olga anatembenukira kwa Christianity, mwakhama anayenda kudutsa mu maiko, kufalitsa chikhulupiriro Orthodox ndi akuika akachisi padziko lonse lapansi Russian. Zinali iye amene anayambitsa yapadera ya Utatu Woyera, kuposa ndigwira yodziwika chikhulupiriro Orthodox mu Russia.

Kugwirizana ndi mwana wake

Ngakhale ntchito ya amishonale ndi zambiri otembenuka kwa chikhulupiriro Orthodox, Olga chiyani sakwanitsa kusintha kwa Chikhristu mwana yekhayo Svyatoslav. Ngakhale zili kwa mpweya kuyesa kutero. Mwana amakana analimbikira kuti ngati iye akana chikunja pa iye kumuwombera lonse lidzakhala kuwatonza. Ngakhale kuti ena kulowerera pa chisankho cha chikhulupiriro ndi mayi anamanga zopinga mu zochitika zawo. Komabe, adani ambiri a Orthodoxy, anayesetsa Sviatoslav pa mbali yake.

Olga anakweza adzukulu ake mu chikhulupiriro Orthodox. Koma kuwabatiza iwo popanda chilolezo cha mwana wake, iye sanayese n'komwe. Olga Izi zinasonyeza chitsanzo cha kudzichepetsa kwambiri, woyenera ulemu ndi kusirira. Mkazi mwankhanza ndibwezera basi imfa ya mwamuna wake, kufalitsa chikhulupiriro Orthodox mu Russia, sanayese n'komwe zikutsutsana mwana wake, kulemekeza maganizo ake. Komabe, kukopa kwake pa mdzukulu wake, Prince Vladimir, anali kwambiri. Iwo anakhala mzati ina ya ziphunzitso ndi Mbatizi a Lazaro.

Olga mobwerezabwereza analosera mwana wa mathero oipa, ndipo ulosi wake akwaniritsidwa. Svyatoslav anagwa mu nkhondo ndi Pecheneg kalonga Qurei, amene anapanga kunja kwa kapu yake chigaza. Kulowetsa mu nkombero wa golide, osuta ntchito pa maphwando popitilira inagonjetsedwadi kalonga Russian. Koma anali atamwalira Olga.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Kumapeto kwa ulendo wa moyo kwambiri masautso ankavutika Mfumukazi Olga. Pamene iye anali mu m'badwo patsogolo, mu Russia anali kupambana kwa chikunja. Mfumukazi, revnitelnitse Orthodoxy, anali anabisidwa mu nyumba yake wansembe amagwira ntchito chofunika. Koma adzukulu iye anawuka mu Mpingo Orthodox ali pangozi anu.

Mu 969, ndi Pechenegs anaukira Kiev. Panthawi imeneyi kumuwombera Svyatoslav anali kutali likulu, koma Mfumukazi Olga anatha kubweza ankhondo mothandizidwa ndi asilikali yaing'ono, analamula kazembe Pretich. Pa nthawiyi, Olga anali kale okalamba ndipo anali kudwala kwambiri. Poona njira ya imfa, anayamba kupemphera mwakhama, kulirira kwa Mulungu, kupemphera kwa bata boma ndi tsoka la mtundu wonse. Iye sanali kusiya kupemphera mpaka ora lotsiriza. Svyatoslav anali pafupi ndi mayi ake mpaka imfa yake. July 11 969 Mfumukazi anafa. Malinga izo adzaikidwa m'manda malinga ndi miyambo ya Mkhristu.

kulemekezedwa Olga

Mu 1007 mdzukulu wawoyo, Prince Vladimir a mphamvu yake kunditumiza ku mpingo wa Mariya Namwali Wodalitsidwa, mu Kiev. Werengani Mfumukazi monga woyera anakhala pafupi yomweyo pambuyo pa imfa. Zotsalira anali kuti okhulupirira monga chizindikiro. Olga ndi pambuyo pa imfa yake, anapatsa chiyembekezo ndi machiritso kufunsa chitetezero ake. Zotsalira za iye mozizwitsa zowawa kuwonongeka. Ngakhale zikwi zapitazo, njira wokhulupirika khansa ndi chiyembekezo mu mtima mwanu, awone kuwala wochokera zotsalira za. Anthu amene anabwera wopanda chikhulupiriro mu mtima, sanalandira ankafuna.

The canonization ndi kulambira tsiku lopatulika la Olga

Mu 1547, izo canonised Saint Olga. Icon ndi chithunzi chake kuchitika embodiments zosiyanasiyana. Pa iwo ayankhidwa pansipa. Akulemekezedwa chizindikiro Olga Wofanana Atumwi pa tsiku la July 24 (zaka kalembedwe 11 July). Mfumukazi ntchito yake kufalitsa chikhulupiriro Mpingo makamaka kulemekezera ngati ofanana kwa Atumwi, monga chikhulupiriro Orthodox zimene zinabweretsa kwa Russia.

Kodi kukapeza chizindikiro cha Saint Olga

Mbatiiphatiseni m'nyumba kwambiri mafano, koma chizindikiro cha Mfumukazi Olga amanyadira malo. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa. Olga mafano chifukwa amawathandiza kumvetsa ndi kulimbikitsa okhulupirira ndipereka nzeru amadzadza mitima ndi kuunika ndi chikondi. Pa moyo wa Olga wakhala kutsatira za boma amphamvu, ndi mphamvu zonse anaika pa kulimbitsa Russia, ndipo kuti pambuyo pa imfa amachoka mu palibe kudalira. Chizindikiro cha St Olga kupemphera kumathandiza kulimbitsa dziko. Komanso kuwachepetsera mitima ya olakwa, pa maphunziro. Mphamvu ndi Olga mafano mu chakhumi mpingo kuchiritsa odwala. Iwo achotsedwa aulendo padziko lonse. Cizapereka zabwino ndi kutiteteza, chizindikiro cha dzina lake Olga, kotero kuti zopalira onse m'dzina limeneli sonorous ayenera kukhala mu munda wa chifaniziro cha woyang'anira woyera awo.

Cross Mfumukazi Olga

Pa ubatizo wa Olga mu manja a mabishopu, analandira mtanda, chosema kuchokera pa chidutswa umodzi wa Moyo wopatsa Mtengo wa Ambuye. Iwo anali losema akuti: "kuonjezera Russian Land Woyera Cross, ndi wakeyu Olga, missus Mfumukazi." mtanda uwu anakhala malo opatulika waukulu wa mpingo wa St. Sophia, amene anali opatulidwira ku 960, pa moyo wa Olga. Kenako mtanda uwu lizikhala mpingo wina ku Kiev. Koma pambuyo adani a Kiev Lithuanians m'zaka XIII, mtanda wa mpingo anabedwa ndi tsoka silidziwika lero.

iconography

Icon Mfumukazi Olga zitawonetseredwa kale kuti Sts oyera. Nthawi zambiri amajambulapo ataima, atanyamula mtanda dzanja lake lamanja, kufanizira kulalikira Khristu. Mu dzanja lake lamanzere ali fano wophiphiritsa wa kachisi. Nthawi zambiri, pali ena mafano. Olga akufotokozedwa pamodzi ndi Prince Volodymyr, Mbatizi a Lazaro.

Order wa Mfumukazi Olga

Mu 1988, mabishopu, Pimen unakhazikitsidwa ndi Order wa St. Olga. Order Izi amaitcha kuti akazi amene adzipangira chopereka wapadera kwa utumiki wa Mpingo.

Mfumukazi Olga ankakhala moyo wake wa Amitundu. Kusadziwa malamulo a Chikhristu, iye ankafuna kuti azisunga mtima, kutsogolera moyo wa chilungamo. Anabatizidwa zaka 60 zakubadwa, iye anakhala zaka 15 onyamula lapansi Russian choonadi, kukhala godmother la Akristu onse Russia. Iwo amathandiza olambira Icon Olga. Phindu la dzina - "anzeru" ndi Mfumukazi zifukwa mwathunthu. Mkazi ndi chifuniro wosapindika, wankhondo mtima wanzeru ndi diplomatically - kotero iye anapanga mbiri.