Ganizo chachikulu cha ntchito ndi kusanthula Chekhov a "chiwala"

Russian wolemba, novelist ndi Wolemba wina Chekhov mu kotala m'zaka za ntchito yake olembedwa oposa 300 ntchito zazikulu. Iwo anali ndi nkhani zoseketsa, komanso mabuku, ndi nkhani lalifupi, ndi masewero, ambiri mwa kukhala zapamwamba za mabuku dziko. chidwi linaperekedwa ntchito monga "The Cherry zipatso," "Nyumba nambala 6," "Amalume Vanya," "Duel," "The mbalameyi," "Zitatu Alongo" ndi ena.

Olga

Pakuti zosiyanasiyana zimayambitsa maganizo kuwerenga ntchito yake, ndiponso - kusanthula mozama. Chekhov a "chiwala" monga "The Lady ndi Dog" ndi "Wokondedwa", etc. - .. Nkhani adalenga mu 90. Mu wolemba investigates chikhalidwe cha nthawi ya amayi yofanana ndi maganizo awo, zokonda zawo, ndipo potsiriza, tanthauzo la moyo. Nthawi zina wolemba zikuwoneka wankhanza ndi ankhanza, nthawi zambiri zimaphwanya otchulidwa zauzimu, luso chikondi komanso chifundo. Ndipo kwambiri akhoza kukhala mtundu uwu bwanji ndi owonongedwa mkazi akusamba Chekhov kusanthula. "Chiwala" - ntchito, mu dzina lake anatsimikiza ndi khalidwe yaikulu ya heroine ndi Olga Ivanovna kuti Chekhov limafotokoza monga makamaka zosafunikira ndi kanthu, ngakhale kuti tikukhala ndi anthu amene si kophweka. Aliyense wa zipinda zazikulu zokhala ake chinachake chidwi sankaona kuti kunali ena otchuka kapena akadandaule yowala chiyembekezo. Koma zoona, khamu lonse amakhala kanthu ndi wopanda mtundu uliwonse anali tanthauzo la moyo. Chaka ndi chaka, iwo kulemba, kuimba ndi kusewera chimodzimodzi, motero kulenga yekha m'mlengalenga bohemia.

"Chiwala": Chekhov, Nkhani kusanthula

Izo poyamba ankatchedwa nkhaniyo "munthu wamkulu", koma kenako sanagwirizane nazo ndipo iye anawalangiza kuti 'dzombe ". Choncho ankatembenukira cholinga khalidwe kwa khalidwe, ndipo anatsindika ulemu modzichepetsa khalidwe lake.

The mbuye Olga kunyumba, nayenso, pang'ono kuimba zithunzi ndi kuimba Komabe, ndi kukhala pa zinthu zonsezi ndi dilettante kwambiri.

Komabe, mukapitiriza otchuka ntchito kusanthula Chekhov a "chiwala" mwamuna wake Dr. Dimova Osip Stepanovich amaika zochepa wa onse, kunena kuti amamunyoza. Iye samamvetsa namatetule wake ndi mtima. Pa chiyambi cha nkhani imene inamangidwa m'njira zopanda kanthu portends zotsatirapo zake zimakhala zoopsa. Olga Ivanovna, umunthu wake anakwatira fumes atazunguliridwa yekha ndi zisudzo, oimba, olemba, oimba ndi amisiri anaphunzitsa luso lake, iye ndi chidwi kwambiri pa ndondomeko iyi, ndipo ndithudi, alendo. Dzitetezeni mnyamata wokongola Ryabovsky, ndi amene anaika pamaso pa mbuye nyumba. mwamuna wake pa kampani ina yaing'ono, zodabwitsa ndi wosamvetseka, ngakhale anali wamtali ndi yotakata-akugwa.

imfa Dimov

Inu mukhoza kupitiriza mu mzimu womwewo kupitiriza kuwunika. Chekhov a "chiwala" akukumbukira wofunitsitsa ndi osasamala atombolombo ku nthano Krylov a "The Nyerere chiwala." Kulibiretu zodabwitsa amasonkhanitsa izo, chifukwa Olga, agwilitse okha ndi alendowo zonse, ndi kusonkhanitsa iwo kunyumba, chabe sanadziwe zabwino ndiponso woganizira moyo wa mwamuna wake. Koma tsiku lina ankachitira zinthu ndi mwana wodwala diphtheria ndipo kudwala matenda oopsa amene. Pamene iye anafa, abwenzi analankhula za iye monga munthu chosowa kwambiri ndi chidwi. Ndiyeno yekha anazindikira mkazi wake, amene anataya.

Olga anamwaza chikondi anga onse ndi mwachikondi kuposa mwamuna wake - wanzeru, wodekha ndi wachikondi mwamuna wake - ndi amene ankakonda kusewera ndi kusintha zilakolako zawo monga magolovesi, ndipo amene iye mwamsanga anataya osayanjanitsika.

Powona masewera onse chikondi ndi kutenga kwawo anthu zochepa mwauzimu, Osip Stepanovich, ndi ukoma wa malingaliro a chikhalidwe, si analola kuti afotokoze kusakhutira, iye alibe kubzikhotcera ndi kungoika ndi impudence a mkazi wake, amene ndi wokonzeka kukhululuka onse. Ngakhale atamva kuti mkazi wake anali kuonera pa iye, sakhoza kuthetsedwa pa ena mafotokozedwe pansi poganiza kuti zochitika zoopsa yokha likakonzeka. Koma panthawi iyi kwambiri amasuta masamba kuwala uku Olga ndekha.

kalembedwe

Analysis wa Chekhov a "chiwala kumaonekera" wokongola kwambiri kale ndithu osiyana luso kalembedwe, umene mwangwiro katswiri ndi nthawi. Great wolemba akuseka heroine waukulu Olga Ivanovna kuti ankapembedza mafano ndi kanthu sazindikira kuti chimwemwe chake anali wanzeru, tcheru ndi zabwino Osip Stepanovich. Popanda kudandaula, mtundu, chete, boneless, wofatsa ndi cholengedwa chofooka muffled kusuntha mavuto awo wa anthu, anagona penapake pa Sofa wake ndi kudandaula. Ndipo ngakhale ine anadandaula, ngakhale kuona zilubwelubwe matendawa, dokotala ntchito yomweyo kupeza chifukwa cha matendawa thupi si diphtheria yekha.

aweruze

Analysis wa Chekhov a "chiwala" nkhani angalimvetse mwa njira yakuti chikhalidwe kuzindikira mochedwa kwambiri, pamene kanthu zikhoza kusintha. Iye amazindikira kuti ndi kusowa kwake chidwi zinachititsa kuti izi tsoka la pabanja. Iye anali kulira ndiponso mwamphamvu chisoni, koma si mwamuna wake, makamaka chisoni ake ndekha, chifukwa iye anachoka mu okwana kuthedwa nzeru ndi kusungulumwa. Pambuyo Olga ndi chodziwikiratu kupeza ngati chosadzikonda wachikondi munthu amene moleza anakwaniritsa malamulo ake onse ndi zokhumba, yosalekerera iwo a chuma chawo chonse.

bwino kwambiri udindo wa Chekhov akufotokoza mnzake ndi abwenzi Dimov Korostelev amene amayankhula ndi kuwawa kwambiri kuti "Oska amasuta nsembe yekha ... imene ndi imfa sayansi ... zimene talente ... ngati tonse kulinganizidwa ndi iye, iye anali kwambiri komanso munthu wamkulu ... wasayansi amene masana ndi moto simudzapeza ..., aha-aha! " Ndiyeno chiganizocho wolemba adzayamba kuwomba ankhanza, monga Chekhov akuyamba kwambiri poyera kupusa, callousness ndi kupanda uzimu Olga Ivanovna.

chifukwa

Russia wakhala nthawizonse akazi otchuka amene amadziŵa kuti tizikonda anzathu ndi kumumvera chisoni. Choncho zimene zinachitikira m'nthawi wolembayo? Analysis wa Chekhov a "chiwala" limasonyeza wolemba mtima munthu umenewu akazi monga Olga. Iye akuyamba kuweruza ufulu wa akazi, paokha zimabwezera mwadala, chifukwa iwo saona chilichonse chabwino kapena zabwino.