Fonvizin, "The Minor": Khadili mankhwala, makhalidwe a Ngwazi

Taganizirani mbali ya sewero lanthabwala, amene analengedwa ndi Fonvizin ( "Oaf"). The kusanthula ntchito imeneyi - mutu wa nkhaniyi. sewero ili ndi lodabwitsa mabuku Russian kwa zaka za m'ma 18. Ntchito imeneyi m'gulu lero mu mabuku Russian zachikhalidwe. Kumafuna mndandanda wa "mavuto wosatha". Ndi kukongola kwa kalembedwe mkulu ndi lero amakopeka owerenga ambiri. Mutu wa gawo lino chikugwirizana ndi Peter Ine anapereka lamulo limene "ignoramus" (mnyamata olemekezeka) ndikoletsedwa popanda maphunziro kuchita utumiki banja.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha sewerolo

Ngakhale mu 1778 panali ganizo la sewero lanthabwala ichi kwa mwini, chimene ndi Fonvizin. "The Minor", yomwe ife tiri chidwi kusanthula ndi linalembedwa mu 1782 ndipo m'chaka chomwecho, anapereka kwa anthu. Izo ziyenera mwachidule kuunikila kulengedwa kwa sewero chidwi.

Mu ulamuliro wa Catherine Wachiwiri analemba Fonvizin "Oaf." Analysis a m'nkhaniyi pansipa, zikusonyeza kuti ngwazi za nthawi yawo. Nthawi ya ulamuliro Catherine II mu chitukuko cha dziko lathu amagwirizana ndi ulamuliro wa malingaliro a mafumu otsalira. Iwo anaitenga ku Russian French Choonadi. Kufala kwa malingaliro awa, kutchuka kwawo kwakukulu pakati pa ophunzira pakati kalasi ndi anthu otchuka anathandiza kwakukulukulu Mfumukazi. Iye amadziwika kuti makalata ndi Diderot, Voltaire, d'Alembert. Komanso, Catherine II anatsegula malaibulale ndi masukulu, mothandizidwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana chitukuko cha luso ndi chikhalidwe Russia.

Kupitiriza pofotokoza Comedy, amene analengedwa ndi Di Fonvizin ( "The Minor"), kupenda makhalidwe ake, tisaiwale kuti, monga nthumwi ya m'nthawi imeneyo, wolemba, ndithudi, nawo malingaliro ankakhalira pa nthawi anthu olemekezeka. Iye anayesera kusonyeza nawo ntchito, kuti owerenga ndi amaonetsa kuwulula osati za ubwino, komanso mungawafotokozere zolakwa ndi zosiyidwa.

"The Minor" - chitsanzo cha classicism

Analysis wa sewero lanthabwala ndi "The Minor" Fonvizina ayenera kuganizira chidutswa mbali ya nyengo chikhalidwe ndi miyambo zolembalemba. Ntchito imeneyi ndi chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zabwino zachikhalidwe. Mu sewerolo, pali mgwirizano kanthu (zilibe kupeza storylines sekondale, limalongosola nkhondo dzanja la Sophia ndi katundu wake), malo (otchulidwa pa maulendo ataliatali Usaigwedezere, zochitika zonse zimachitika kapena za Prost kunyumba kapena mwa izo), ndipo nthawi ( Musawachite kuposa tsiku, zonse zochitika). Komanso, kugwiritsa ntchito "kulankhula" mayina mwambo nawo sewerolo tingachipeze powerenga, Fonvizin ( "Oaf"). kusanthula ikusonyeza kuti, kutsatira mwambo, anagawa otchulidwa wake mu zabwino ndi zoipa. Zabwino - izo PRAVDIN, Staro, Milo, Sophia. amasiyanitsa awo Prostakov, Mitrofan, Skotinin Di Fonvizin (kusewera "The Oaf"). Analysis wa mayina awo zikusonyeza kuti kupereka wowerenga kumvetsa zimene zimaonetsa m'chifanizo cha anthu otchulidwa ndi ofala. Mwachitsanzo, mwiniwake wa makhalidwe abwino ndi choonadi anthufe PRAVDIN.

The watsopano polemba chinenero cha Comedy, zochititsa

"The Minor" nthawi ya chilengedwe anali wofunika patsogolo chitukuko cha mabuku m'dziko mwathu, mu sewero makamaka. Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin analenga mtundu wanyimbo latsopano la sewero lanthabwala ndi chikhalidwe ndale. Iwo mogwirizana ophatikizana angapo zithunzi mwamwano, Izitu n'zovutitsa, kuseka zithunzi zimathandizadi ku moyo wa anthu wamba mkulu (anthu otchuka) kulalikira za makhalidwe abwino, ukoma, maphunziro kofunika makhalidwe anthu amene anali chibadidwe mu Choonadi. monologues zothandiza ndi maganizo a sewerolo si wolemedwa. Iwo amathandizana ntchito imeneyi, ndi chifukwa kuti umakhala waukulu.

Pantchito yoyamba

5 zochita analekanitsa play, amene wolemba - Fonvizin ( "Oaf"). Analysis ntchito kumaphatikizapo za gulu la lembalo. Mu kachitidwe koyamba tikukumana ndi Prost, Pravdin, Sophia, Mitrofan, Skotinin. Otchulidwa m'nkhaniyi nsalu yomweyo, ndipo owerenga amadziwa kuti Skotinin ndi Prost - ngwazi za chithunzi, ndipo Sophia ndi PRAVDIN - positive. Mu ntchito yoyamba amapezeka pakuwala ndi chingwe ntchito. Padzuwa Titakhazikika akutchulidwa, timaphunzira kuti kusamalira Prost amakhala Sophia, zomwe ati pochitika kuchokera Skotinin. Kuwerenga makalata ochokera Starodum - ichi tayi sewero. Sophie tsopano akuona kuti ndi heiress. Tsiku ndi tsiku amalume ake anabwerera kumutenga iye.

Zotani sewerolo, amene analengedwa ndi Fonvizin ( "Oaf")

Analysis wa mankhwala adzapitiriza kufotokoza mmene zinthu otukuka. 2, 3 ndi kanthu 4 - ndi chitukuko. Ndife bwino Starodumov ndi Milo. Prost ndi Skotinin Starodumov amayesetsa, koma osyasyalika awo, chinyengo, umbuli ndi dyera lingamutsatire sichisangalatsa yekha. Iwo amayang'ana zopusa ndiponso kupusa. Zithunzi kwambiri oseketsa cha ntchito imeneyi ndi kafukufuku Mitrofan, imene limasonyeza kuti n'kupanda nzeru wachinyamata osati mayi wake.

Kukwaniritsidwa ndi denouement

5 kanthu - chimake ndi denouement. Tikumbukenso kuti malingaliro a ofufuza zimene ayenera kuonedwa monga mfundo pachimake, zosiyanasiyana. Pali 3 wotchuka kwambiri Baibulo. Chifukwa choyamba ndi kuba izi Prostakovoy Sofi, malinga ndi wachiwiri - kuwerenga Pravdin kalata, lomwe limati pansi tutelage wake umapita malo Prostakova, ndipo potsiriza, Baibulo lachitatu - kukwiya Prostakova pambuyo iye amadziwa mpheto wake, ndipo akuyesera "tiwabwezere "atumiki ake. Akugwira lililonse Mabaibulo awa, monga kuonera mfundo zosiyanasiyana view, timasamala ndi mankhwala. Choyamba, mwachitsanzo, anafotokoza storyline zoyenera kukwatira Sophia. Analysis sewero lanthabwala yanthaŵi Fonvizina "Oaf" kugwirizana ndi ukwati zoona, kumatithandiza kuona chofunika ntchito. Baibulo lachiwiri la sewerolo ikufotokoza mfundo za ndale komanso maganizo, kusonyeza nthawi pamene chuma ndi zazikulu chilungamo. Wachitatu tikunena mbiri, chimene Prost ndi mwini wake wa makedzana ndi kufooketsa mfundo ndi maloto a anthu otchuka lakale limene Komabe, pali sakhulupirira kugonjetsedwa zawo. otchuka lino, monga wolemba, zochokera chathu sichinaphunzitsidwe umbuli ndi makhalidwe otsika. Pa nthawi ya interchanges onse kusiya Prostakov. Iye anali kanthu katsalira. Amaloza Starodum wake anati ndi "zipatso zakuyenera" "zlonraviya".

otchulidwa zoipa

Monga taonera kale, mawonekedwe waukulu bwino ogaŵikana zabwino ndi zoipa. Mitrofan, Skotinin ndi Prost - sasonyeza anthu wamba. Prost - mkazi, kufuna phindu, wosaphunzira, mwano, wopondereza. Iye amadziwa ntchito pofuna. Komabe, Prost amakonda Mwana wake. "Mthunzi" mkazi pamaoneka osalakwa. Izi ofooka wofuna khalidwe. mawu lake limatanthauza pang'ono. Skotinin ndi m'bale wa Akazi Prostakova. Ndi pamene opusa ndi osaphunzira munthu, wokongola nkhanza ngati mlongo wake, okonda ndalama. Iye kuyenda kwa nkhumba pa farmyard wa - chinthu chabwino. Mitrofan - lililonse mwana wa mayi wake. Izi asokoneza mnyamata wa zaka 16, amene anatengera kwa amalume ake chikondi nkhumba.

Mafunso zimakhalira ndi chibadwa

Mu sewerolo, tisaiwale, malo ofunika wapatsidwa nkhani ya mabanja ndi cholowa Fonvizin ( "Oaf"). Mu kupenda funso limeneli, tiyeni tinene, mwachitsanzo, kuti Prost yekha anakwatira mwamuna wake ( "langwiro" munthu amene safuna kwambiri). Komabe, kwenikweni Skotinin mofananira m'bale wake. mwana izo yophatikiza mbali cha makolo ake - "nyama" Quality ndi kupusa kwa mayi ndi bambo a kukana munthu.

zimakhalira pachibale ofanana unkagwiritsidwa pakati Sofia ndi Starodumov. Onse a iwo ali woonamtima, zabwino, ophunzira. Mtsikanayo amamvetsera amalume ake mosamala kumulemekeza, "m'makala" sayansi. awiriawiri zotsutsana kulenga otchulidwa mthunzi ndi chenicheni. Ana - ndi owonongedwa opusa Mitrofan wofatsa ndi wochenjera Sophia. Makolo amakonda ana awo, koma kuti agwirizane maphunziro awo m'njira zosiyanasiyana - Starodub analankhula nkhani ya choonadi, ulemu, makhalidwe abwino, ndi Prost yekha zofunkha Mitrofan ndipo ananena kuti si maphunziro abwino. A peyala ya grooms - Milo, amene amaona yabwino ndi bwenzi lake Sophie, amene amamukonda, ndipo Skotinin kuwerenga chikhalidwe adzalandira atakwatira mtsikana uyu. Sophia pa chimodzimodzi ngati munthu sanali chidwi. Skotinin ngakhale kuyesa kukonza mkwatibwi wake wapamwamba malawi. Simpletons ndi PRAVDIN kwenikweni "mawu a choonadi" ndi mtundu wa "auditors". Koma mu nkhope ya mfumu timapeza mphamvu yogwira ntchito, thandizo ndi ntchito zenizeni, ndi osalakwa - chabe khalidwe. Chinthu chokha chimene ine ndikanakhoza kunena ngwazi ichi - Mitrofan chitonzo pa mapeto a sewerolo.

The mavuto analeredwa ndi wolemba

Kusanthula Fonvizina mankhwala, ndi bwino kuti aliyense awiriawiri pamwamba a m'nkhaniyi osiyana anazindikira vuto anafotokoza mu mankhwala. Ichi ndi vuto la maphunziro (amene lowonjezera ndi zitsanzo za aphunzitsi osiya lembani Kuteikin ndi onyenga monga Vralman), maphunziro a makolo ndi ana, banja, ubale akazi ndi ndikofunika kupereka olemekezeka kwa atumiki. Kudzera prism maganizo maphunziro ife tione mavuto amenewa. Fonvizin, kukulitsa cholinga chake pa zolakwa za chi pogwiritsa ntchito njira zimaseketsa, amatsimikiza kuti m'pofunika kusintha chakale, chikhalidwe akhala maziko ogwirizana. Iwo kuloŵa mu dambo la kupusa, zlonraviya amayerekezera anthu ndi nyama.

Malinga ndi ochita a kusewera Fonvizin a "The Minor", mfundo yaikulu ndi mutu wa mankhwala - kufunika kophunzitsa anthu otchuka, mogwirizana ndi zolinga za Choonadi, maziko amene ndi othandizanso.