Fatskhedera: chisamaliro kunyumba ndi kupatsidwa zina

Fatskhedera Lisa ndi intergeneric hybrids. zomera anawonetseredwa mu 1912 mu mzinda wa Nantes (France) ndi kudutsa Fatsa Japanese ndi Ivy wamba (Hedera), ndi chifukwa analandira dzina labwino.

Zophatikiza anatengera kwa "makolo" mwina bwino khalidwe. Kuyambira Mafuta Japanese iye shapely losema masamba ndi Ivy kwa - kuthekera kupanga mphukira yaitali ndi chisamaliro zosavuta kunyumba. Fatskhedera wodzichepetsa ndi oyenera zipinda bwino mkangano, ndi kwa ozizira a.

General zokhudza chomera

Nthawi yomweyo pambuyo kuchotsa hybrid abale Lisa, anakhala wotchuka kwambiri pakati wamaluwa ndi florists. Zosowa, koma N'zosavuta kwa anthu oyera mpesa chakhala ankagwiritsa ntchito mu minda ofukula maluwa yozizira, masitepe, makonde ndi ngakhale makoma a nyumbazo mu wofatsa nyengo.

Chomera wa banja Araliaceae. Fatskhedera angafikire ndi kutalika kwa 5 m, ndi kuwonjezeka wake wa pachaka wa za 30 cm The chosakanizidwa ndi osatha, nsombazi chifukwa cha katundu kukongoletsa., Limamasula inconspicuous wotumbululuka maluwa obiriwira, anasonkhana ambulera ndi. Fatskhedera (chisamaliro kunyumba akufotokozedwa hereinafter) ali lalikulu nyenyezi zooneka masamba ndi 3-5 lobes. Pamwamba pa mbale ndi glossy, yosalala mdima wobiriwira mtundu. Kudzipatula mitundu variegated, koma iwo kukula pang'onopang'ono. chomera zipatso - zipatso mdima buluu.

Kuyatsa ndi kutentha

Mosiyana Fatsa, fatskhedera wakonda kuwala, koma chipinda bwino kuteteza toyesa kwa dzuwa. Only pamene zinthu izi zimachitika maluwa ndi fruiting. Zomera ndi ndinazolowera penumbra, koma mu nkhani iyi kuyatsa analakalaka yozizira. Kwa mlingo wa kuunikira ndi mitundu makamaka tcheru variegated (onani chithunzi m'munsimu), ndi kusowa kwake Mosiyana othandiza pa masamba atayika, kukongola amaziralira fatskhedery.

Care m'nyumba ya mbewu ikukhudza gulu la kutentha zolondola mu chaka. Zophatikiza amafuna kuzizira. Mu chilimwe, kutentha chipinda ayenera kukhala odziletsa, makamaka sapambana + 18-23 ° C, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira kuti asungike mu uthunthu + 5-18 ° C. Chomera kugonjetsedwa ndi ozizira, kumadera otentha mwakula m'minda.

Dothi fatskhedery

Fatskhedera wakonda kuwala bwino permeable nthaka mpweya. Ngati nthaka n'kwakukulu kapena wandiweyani, akatswiri amalangiza kuwonjezera perlite kapena mchenga ndi peat. Iwe ukhoza kugula okonzeka zopangidwa nthaka sitolo zapaderazi kapena kukonza nokha. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kutenga ofanana mbali peat, kuwala kuwaika nthaka m'munda, mchenga ndi kusakaniza bwino, mankhwala.

Kutsirira ndi chinyezi

Pochita fatskhederoy kunyumba, kumbukirani kuti chomera chikufuna kwa madzi. Nthaka mu mphika ayenera nthawi zonse lonyowa. Kutsirira zambiri, m'chilimwe pafupipafupi 2-3 sabata yozizira - masiku 7-10. Komabe, madzi mu mphika sayenera stagnate, T. K. kumabweretsa kuchotsa zowola. Chizindikiro za vuto angathe kutumikira tsamba kugwa. Ntchito miphika ndi thireyi ndi nthawi kukhetsa madzi owonjezera kwa izo.

Mofanana ndi mitundu makolo fatskhedera wakonda mpweya achinyezi. Ngati n'kotheka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti utsi madzi firiji tsiku ndi tsiku kapena osachepera 2-3 sabata.

Mu yogwira nyengo kukula chomera ayenera kudyetsedwa iwiri iliyonse. mchere zovuta feteleza organic tikulimbikitsidwa kuti taphunzira.

Fatskhedera: unamwino kunyumba, kusintha

toyesa Young amafuna kupatsidwa zina pachaka, wamkulu zokwanira kusintha mphika zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu April oyambirira, pamaso zomera adzayamba kusamukira ku kukula yogwira. Phunziroli ntchito kupatsidwa zina, zikuchokera amene tafotokozazi (mchenga, peat, munda ndi kuwaika pansi). Musaiwale za ngalande wosanjikiza pansi pa mbale, zimene ziyenera kukhala 1/3 kutalika kwake.

The mphika ayenera anasankha fatskhedery 2-3 masentimita awiri, lalikulu kuposa lina m'mbuyomu. Kamodzi amayesetsa kufunika (pazipita) kukula, n'zotheka asagwiritse m'malo pachaka topsoil.

Kubalana fatskhedery layering, cuttings ndi mbewu

chisamaliro Fatskhedera kunyumba (chithunzi ndi malemba) zimafunika osachepera, kuwonjezera, komanso N'zosavuta kufalitsa vegetatively. Zomera watsopano ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito cuttings apical pafupifupi 15 masentimita m'litali ndi masamba angapo. zimalimbikitsa awo mu mchenga lonyowa, kuonetsetsa kutentha zonse + 20-25 ° C. Kamodzi mizu kuwonekera zomera ndi kuziika mu osakaniza okonzeka nthaka.

Kubereka ndi layering zambiri zovuta. masika oyambirira kuthawa fatskhedery kupanga yaing'ono ndi osaya ang'ambe thupilo. Kenako amanena kwa Moss yonyowa ndi wokutidwa ndi polyethylene. Nkofunika nthawi zonse kusunga chinyezi pansi opangidwa. Pafupifupi miyezi iwiri kenako, pa malo a ang'ambe thupilo anapanga mizu. Nsonga mphukira ndi mizu akuphedwa ndi mizu mu miphika osiyana.

Kawirikawiri mitundu variegated zosiyana chisamaliro kwambiri wovuta mu kunyumba, fatskhedera Variegates makamaka, mukhonza kuwapeza mbewu anagula ku sitolo. Fesani ikuchitika nthawi iliyonse chaka, koma kasupe yabwino kwambiri ndi chilimwe. Kumwaza mbewu padziko gawo lapansi, ndi kwangochepetsako pang'ono chabe Kuwaza pamwamba pa nthaka. Ndi bwino ntchito Mini-wowonjezera kutentha kapena chidebe ndi chivindikiro mandala. Kumera chofunika kutentha +27 ° C. Mpaka kumera chidebe aikidwa mu malo otentha ndi mdima. mbande Young pansi pa kukula.

Tizirombo ndi matenda

Fatskhedera poyera kwa gulu linalake la tizirombo ndi matenda. The zambiri anakhudzidwa chomera wofiira kangaude mite. Mbendera koyamba pa tizilombo akhoza kutumikira blanching tsamba mtundu. Komanso, zomera mwina kuwononga napusaki, nsabwe ndi tizilombo lonse.

Matenda zonse zachilengedwe bakiteriya ndi mafangasi a mavuto ambiri akukamba imvi nkhungu, lomwe zikutsimikiziridwa ndi ndemanga zambiri za fatskhedere. Kusamalira kunyumba, ikuchitika ndi malamulo onse - ndi chitsimikizo cha thanzi. chomera A ayenera kuunikira zonse kuyendera masamba ndi nthaka, kuchita mankhwala otetezera ndi sopo ndi madzi kapena kukonzekera mwapadera. Nkofunika kuti si madzi ambiri anali limodzi ndi kutentha otsika mpweya ndi drafts.

Pamene kukula fatskhedery Lisa kusamalira kunyumba mulinso kumathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale mphukira. Mukhoza kuwasiya pa msinkhu wa masentimita 30. Lopotana zomera nthambi ndi akufunika thandizo. Ku chitsamba ankalankhula mawonekedwe ankafunila ayenera kutsina kumbuyo nsonga zanthete.

Leaf kugwa mu magazini akale - izo si njira zachilengedwe, zomwe akuti anakumana alimi, usawope. Komabe, ngati chikasu masamba aang'ono, ndi mwina ichi ndi chifukwa waterlogging, ndi kukula yaing'ono, kukula retardation, ndi lotambasula mphukira - chizindikiro cha kusowa kwa dzuwa.