Euphorbia: mitundu ndi mafotokozedwe awo. Euphorbia, kapena spurge: kubzala ndi kubalana

Euphorbia kapena Euphorbia ukukamba banja yaikulu Euphorbiaceae. Izi zomera chodabwitsa. Inafalitsidwa spurge lonse. Mitundu ya magwero ake osiyana ndi pakati pa 800 ndi 1600 zomera zosiyanasiyana. Ndi osatha ndi pachaka udzu, mitengo ndi zitsamba. Mbali yachisanu ya yosiyanasiyana ili imapezeka mu South ndi Africa Central.

Spurge zomera imamera chapakati Russia. Iwo Tingaone pa roadsides panali minda, magombe mtsinje. Ambiri owerenga mukudziwa spurge (mitundu imene kukula mu zigawo Russia). Ndipo mafani wa zomera m'nyumba idzadziwa mitundu wake yokongola.

Katundu ndi Mapulogalamu

Muyenera kudziwa kuti aliyense m'banja muli madzi yamkaka, amene ndi oopsa kwambiri. Lili zinthu angathe kuyambitsa zilonda zamoto, aakulu kutupa nembanemba wa mucous. Kamodzi mmimba, zingayambitse kuphwanya ntchito kapepala m'mimba. Choncho, kuthana nazo ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri pamene akugwira ntchito ndi iwo kuvala magolovesi.

Chakupha katundu wa spurges African ntchito kawirikawiri alenje, amene anapanga arrowheads wakupha. Komanso, chomera milkweed ntchito mankhwala wowerengeka. ntchito zake matenda a impso, popha ululu, ndi mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba, ndi anthelminthic. Izo ntchito monga mankhwala ochotsa asidi kwa kulumidwa nyama mwankhanza.

Ambiri owerenga Mwina munamvapo kuti kupanga zonunkhira kwa oyeretsa creams ntchito spurge. Mitundu ya zomera zina za banja ntchito mphira. Pali mitundu ya milkweed kuti anthu kudya ndi ntchito monga chakudya kwa ziweto.

Euphorbia: Mitundu

Sitingathe ngakhale mwachidule pofotokoza mitundu yonse ya zomera. Komabe, tidzayesetsa kukuuzani pa ena a iwo.

Molochay- "nkhadze"

M'lingaliro mwachizolowezi, zomera sangathe kutchedwa nkhadze. Ndipotu, adzaupereka kwa mtundu Euphorbia. mawonekedwe ake kwenikweni akufanana ndi nkhadze, koma kumasiyana chakuti ali masamba ndi maluwa. The zimakhala ndi yamkaka woyera kuyamwa, chakupha anthu. "Nkhadze" -molochay limabweretsa mtundu, amene ndi yaikulu zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana.

zomera ali ndi triangular lalikulu, zimayambira minofu. Molunjika thunthu ndi kuisamalira kufika msinkhu wa mamita 2-3. Mphukira ali spaced wogawana pamodzi kukafika kutsogolo kwa tsinde la. Pa nkhope yake ndi brownish wofiira minga ndi masamba wandiweyani chowulungika pafupifupi 5 masentimita m'litali.

Pali mitundu ndi olumikizidwa kwa wina ndi mzake ndipo yokutidwa ndi wachikasu speckles mphukira. Zikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:

• Abyssinian;
• triangular;
• triangular;
• Canarian.

kulima

Kukula "nkhadze" -molochay ayenera pa +18 ... + 20 madigiri. Pali mitundu imene kulekerera kutentha m'munsi (4 - 5). Pankhaniyi m'pofunika kupereka okwanira kuchuluka kwa kuwala zomera ndi chongopeka kwezani kutentha nthaka. maluwa akhoza adzaikidwa pafupi chotenthetsera lapansi.

"Nkhadze" -molochay simungathe kukula popanda kuwala. Ndi bwino analekerera dzuwa, mpweya youma sikuti amadwala kupanda kutsirira. M'nyengo yozizira, iwo onse anasiya kuthilira ndi adzikonzenso chinyezi nthaka panthawi ku kasupe azivutika.

Mapulaniwo ndi nthambi sayenera moisturize monga mukhoza kuyamba lawola. Chifukwa chakuti mmera yokutidwa ndi spikes, dothi mawuwo akusonyeza whisk burashi.

m'mphepete spurge

Ndi pachaka herbaceous zomera ndi chilili, zimayambira kuli leafy. kutalika awo ndi 70 masentimita The masamba ndi kuwala wobiriwira., chowulungika woboola pakati. White lonse felemu, amene anapereka dzina la chomera amabwera mu kukhala pa masamba chapamwamba maluwa.

Euphorbia mphonje maonekedwe chidwi kwambiri ndi bracts chachikulu choyera nthawi imeneyi. Chitsamba zomera mu nthawi maluwa ngati snowball chachikulu. Mwina chifukwa chake anapatsidwa maina ena, "Snow Mountain", "mkwatibwi", "chisanu oyambirira." Maluwa zomera m'ma June kuti Frost kwambiri.

Euphorbia mphonje amakonda dzuwa. Mu mthunzi wa m'nkhalango ndipo anaphedwa. nthaka wakonda lotayirira, chonde, pang'ono acidic. chitsamba chilichonse Ichi ndi kumva feteleza zonse ndi feteleza manyowa, mchere. Sangakhoze kulekerera waterlogging.

Iwo akhoza zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings ndi mbewu. Dulani cuttings ayenera kukhala mkati maola 2-3 kugwira mu madzi ofunda. Izi zingathandize kuletsa kusankha madzi, amene salola chomera mizu. Ndiye cuttings "podvyalivayut" pafupi sabata mu mlengalenga pa kutentha madigiri 22. Pambuyo pake, iwo akhoza anabzala mchenga ndi peat nthaka.

Euphorbia Sitimayo inagunda

Munthu wina herbaceous wa banja Euphorbiaceae. Iwo ali maudindo awiri - spurge Sitimayo inagunda ndi Fisher. Iwo ali bwino anayamba ndi amphamvu kwambiri mizu.

mapesi a milkweed kufika masentimita 25 kutalika, kawirikawiri pubescent. Masamba wandiweyani, wobiriwira ndi zofiirira kum'chitira. mawonekedwe awo zimatengera pamene iwo ili tsinde la. Umbelliform inflorescence maluwa mtundu. Muzu wa milkweed ndi Sitimayo inagunda tortuous, wakuda, yowutsa mudyo. Maluwa zomera amapezeka May.

Ndi chomera kuderako yomwe imapezeka mu China, Mongolia, ndi Transbaikalia. Nthawi zambiri, izo Tingaone pa malo otsetsereka steppe ndi dothi miyala ndi miyala.

Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti Sitimayo inagunda spurge - ndi wotchuka akale mawudzu. Buku la Chitibeta mankhwala, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito pa nthawi ya Genghis Khan, anapeza kutchulidwa kwa mbewu monga mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba ndiponso anthelmintic. Ochiritsa Siberia kuyambira nthawi yakale ankawachitira matenda wamwamuna, TB, zotupa. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti muzu wake amatha kupereka umoyo ndi prolongs unyamata.

mankhwala

Panopa, mankhwala spurge Sitimayo inagunda sindigwiritsa ntchito, koma lekani ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi umalimbana kuphunzira katundu ndi zikuchokera. Mwachitsanzo, linapeza kuti kukonzekera munali madzi ku muzu wa mbewu, ndi matenda bwino m'thupi mwa mwamuna chifukwa zili mmenemo fitoandrogenov. Komanso pali anticoagulant ntchito milkweed, amene amapereka chidaliro kuti posachedwa ntchito pa matenda a odwala ndi hemocoagulation kusweka.

Medicaments zochokera mbewu amapereka zotsatira oopsa nyama mafangasi ziletsa kukula kwa maselo chotupa. Zimenezi zalongosoledwa ndi kukhalapo mu mizu ya lactones yeniyeni, okhoza kulimbana ntchito chotupa.

Folk ochiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuchotsa milkweed Sitimayo inagunda pa matenda a khansa. ochiritsa Chinese kuchiza chifuwa chachikulu mafupa ndi dongosolo lymphatic. Tibet decoction a mizu, zomwe zakonzedwa ndi Chinsinsi wapadera bwino kuchiza matenda a anthrax. herbalists ambiri amalangiza kutenga spurge Sitimayo inagunda ndi fibroids uterine ndi mastitis. Koma sitiyenera kudziletsa medicate, dokotala anu.

contraindications

Ntchito zomera si zofunika ngati muli hypersensitive. Popeza poizoni ngati n'kotheka ambiri osokoneza m'mimba wothira magazi, kusanza, mtima mungoli chisokonezo.

munda milkweed

Ndi herbaceous pachaka chomera a m'banja Euphorbiaceae. Garden milkweed akula masentimita 25. Umatheka ndi wakuda ndi minofu, zokwawa. Nthawi zambiri ndi mfundo kutupa. Masamba mpaka 3 cm m'litali kukhala ndi mawonekedwe elongated. Galasi belu woboola pakati, pafupifupi 1.5 cm. Mkati yochepa tsitsi, 4 nectary pamwamba concave, yopapatiza. Chashechkovidny perianth bwino kuwoneka. Maluwa spurge mu June-September.

Zomera ndi wofala Ukraine, m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia, mu Upper Volga, Volga-Don, Black Sea zigawo. A pang'ono pokha wamba mu Belarus, ndi Caucasus. Chimakula udzu m'nthaka wobzalidwa: minda, minda ndi minda.

Zolinga achire, ntchito madzi udzu ndi mizu ya mbewu. Iwo ali emetic, mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba ndiponso kanthu keratoplastic.

The kuyamwa yamkaka ntchito zolinga panja - pofuna kuchotsa chimanga, njerewere, mawanga zaka. Kukonzekera mankhwala okhala ndi madzi zomera bwino mphumu bronchial, khansa chiwindi, m'mimba ndiponso chiberekero. Zomera ndi tizilombo polimbana tizilombo.

ang'ono-fruited spurge

Chomera wa banja Euphorbiaceae, kukula kwa masentimita 80 kutalika, adachitira umboni kapena pang'ono pubescent. Small berried spurge ali ndi zokwawa, ulusi mizu. Single kapena numerically ang'onoang'ono zimayambira chilili. Pamwamba 11 axillary ndi zimayambira ku masentimita 8 m'litali, nthawi zina ayi. Netsvetuschie nthambi palibe.

Cauline masamba robur, sessile, mamilimita 35 m'litali, 9 mm m'lifupi. Iwo akhoza tapered m'munsi, liniya-spatulate, elliptical-liniya, liniya-filiform.

Pa 4 ndi 12 zimayambira - losavuta kapena bifid. Galasi campanulate, m'mimba mwake pafupifupi 2 mm. Kunja anabala iye anamaliza kapena mphonje tsamba. Limamasula kumapeto May - oyambirira July.

Napiform trohoreshnik - zipatso za mbewu. Iwo ali kutalika 3 mm, m'lifupi - 4 mm. Zipatso yosalala anamaliza unali okha kumbuyo-wrinkly chimauma tsamba.

mbewu yaing'ono - 1,5-2 mm, ovoid, yosalala, wooneka kapena grayish-bulauni. Caruncle amangokhala, flattened. Maluwa kumayambiriro June.

leafless spurge

Kwambiri nthambi ndi otsika shrubbery ndi gawo 2-3. Iwo arched, kuwala mtundu wobiriwira. Aliyense gawo ali ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 8, makulidwe - 6 mm. zomera wokongola ntchito m'munda ndi kulima kunyumba. Ku Ulaya, ndi zambiri ayipanga ngati zokoma m'nyumba.

North spurge

Chitsamba chilichonse kukhala ofukula yaikulu muzu woonda nkhuni. Euphorbia North - chitsamba chilichonse mpaka masentimita 40 ali orthotropic zobereka mphukira .. Iwo akhoza kukhala wophweka, banja kapena ndi waufupi mphukira lateral. Zimayambira pa makulidwe si upambana 1.5 mamilimita patsinde pa yosalala, cylindrical, pinkish hue.

Grass-mizu masamba wazikang'a, waung'ono, zofiirira. Medial masamba salinso kuposa masentimita 4, m'lifupi - 8 mm.

Ambulera inflorescence kuyambira 4 mpaka 8 yosavuta, nthawi zina bifid maambulera apical. 4 kapena 5 nectaries bulauni, nyanga ziwiri. Mizati woonda - 1.5 okha mm. A truncated-ozungulira kapisozi za 3 mm yaitali. awiri awo - 3 mm.

globular

Flower spurge, zithunzi zimene Tingaone pafupifupi buku kwa alimi, - chikhalidwe m'dziko lathu kukongoletsa. Nthawi zambiri izo wakula mu mawonekedwe a stam ndi ntchito m'madera malo. Houseplant Euphorbia wodzichepetsa mu chisamaliro ndi undemanding kwa zinthu kunja. Iwo akhoza kukula ngakhale pa mlingo osachepera zowunikira.

Euphorbia ozungulira - nyenyezi yaing'ono chomera kutalika kwa zosaposa 8 cm, ndi spines. Nthambi amene amapita kuchokera pansi mpaka zigawo zapamwamba ozungulira omwe opanga cushions masentimita 30 m'mimba mwake. nthambi kungakhale cylindrical kapena ozungulira, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi 2.5 cm.

phiri spurge

chochititsa chidwi kwambiri kukongoletsa masamba zomera, amene kaŵirikaŵiri ntchito m'minda thanthwe ndi nyimbo ndi miyala. Euphorbia phiri ali mphukira polustelyuschiesya. Masamba rhombic, utoto buluu imvi. M'nyengo yozizira, iwo kuli kuphimba zimayambira. Izo limamasula mu m'ma May - oyambirira June, koma maluwa si kukongoletsa waukulu khalidwe.

zomangamanga ulimi

Mtundu wa milkweed amakonda dzuwa koma akhoza kukula mu mthunzi tsankho, ngati n'koyenera. nthaka yabwino kwambiri kuwala ndi thanzi.

Mbewu ayenera zofesedwa March mu mabokosi ndi mopepuka kuwaza iwo ndi dziko lapansi. mbande anabzala nthaka pamene anakhazikitsa ziro kutentha.

Mtunda pakati pa mbeu ayenera kukhala osachepera 30 cm. Kudzala bloomed kwambiri ndipo mosalekeza, ayenera nthawi zonse madzi, udzu, kukhumba zonyansa ndi kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza ndi mankhwala.

amondi spurge

mitundu chotchuka ndi wamaluwa ndi okonda houseplants. Iwo ali maluwa zachilendo, zomwe ndi yowala mtundu wobiriwira. Amasonkhana mu maluwa okongola amene achisomo kwambiri Mnjira ndi mpweya pang'ono mphepo. Iwo zili pa mkulu (60 cm) zimayambira. Maluwa zomera akuyamba mu April ndipo itha June. Euphorbia Amygdaloides oyenera munda kulima m'dera m'madera kum'mwera kwa Russia, ngati sakonda katundu chisanu.

Euphorbia acalypha

chomera umenewu umatchedwanso foxtail. Ndi yobiriwira chitsamba chilichonse silnovetvyaschiysya osati kwambiri. Acalypha Spurge ndi wokongola yokongola chomera. Masamba ang'ono, ovate, ndi mano yaing'ono.

Ife akukonda wamaluwa modabwitsa yowala maluwa ofiira omwe ali pamodzi atypical kwa spurges kukwera inflorescence. Acalypha pachimake akuyamba mu March ndi mmaso mpaka autumn mochedwa.

Ndi kuisamalira, pachimake pa mbewu nthawi yomweyo za 30 inflorescences. Panthawi imeneyi, pamafunika kuthilira ndi feteleza. Monga kwambiri kuwala. Ndi bwino zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings.

Euphorbia bupleurumolistny

Izi ndi mtundu chosowa kwambiri za banja lalikulu. Malovetvyaschiysya chitsamba chilichonse chimene chimamera ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 20 Pa tsinde kuwona tokhala ang'ono m'magulu mwauzimu ndi.. Masamba kuonekera pamwamba pa mbewu. Maluwa milkweed anakonza pa phesi yaitali, ndi pamwamba pa chitsamba mu mawonekedwe a mtengo ndi. M'nyengo yozizira, mtundu uwu wa madzi okwanira Sikuti. Zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu yokha.

spurge Canary

Ndi mtengo weniweni womwe umafikira mamita 12 kutalika. Iwo ali 4-5-nthambi nthiti mwake mpaka masentimita 5. Zipsepse ndi tokhala ang'ono ndi awiri spines bulauni pafupifupi 0.5 cm. Achikalekale achikalekale masamba. zomera wokongola akuona m'nyumba kwambiri.

"Mutu wa Medusa"

kukwapula ndi upwardly unakhuthala tsinde ndi ambiri nthambi zokoma lalifupi diverging mu madera osiyana. mtundu wa milkweed chotchuka kwambiri ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha chisamaliro chake kukopa, zachilendo mawonekedwe. Ngati mbewu kukangamira pa dengu, vetvi- ake "tentacles" anang'ambika madera osiyana.

spurge uyu ali otsika kuunikira, izo angamasuke ndi mu mthunzi tsankho, ndi kuwala. M'nyengo yozizira ayenera madzi mwakamodzi. Ngati simumvera lamulo limeneli, spurge niivunda. Komanso, ndi zoipa kwambiri maganizo ndi drafts lapansi.

Euphorbia tsereusovidny

Chitsamba chilichonse zokoma, ndi msinkhu wa mita imodzi. Nthambi chilili, ndi nthiti fifitini, m'lifupi 5 cm, akuda mu mdima mtundu wobiriwira.

Nthiti yopapatiza ndi tokhala yaing'ono. A kuonekera pa m'mbali mwa nthiti imodzi zamkati. Spines imvi, osakwatiwa. kutalika pafupifupi 2 cm. Masamba ang'ono kwambiri, osati oposa 3 mm. Mwamsanga adzauma, koma nthawi zina kukhala pa nthambi kwa zaka zingapo.

Euphorbia tsereusovidny zimafanana kwambiri ndi nkhadze Cereus, ndi nalo dzina lake. Iye amakonda kuwala Komabe, ayenera kutetezedwa mwachindunji dzuwa. Apo ayi spurge ndithe kutenthedwa.

Euphorbia enopla

Silnovetvyaschiysya chitsamba chilichonse. Mu zinthu zachilengedwe kuti akula mita imodzi msinkhu. Zimayambira ali chilili, ndi nthiti zisanu kapena zisanu ndi zinayi. Izi imadziwika kuti minga yaikulu spurge kukula kwa masentimita 5. Choyamba, iwo ndi utoto, kenako utoto imvi. Iwo akhoza kukula mu kuwala koonekera kapena mthunzi tsankho. Chilimwe ayenera kuthilira ndi feteleza. Iye akusowa lotayirira nthaka ndi ngalande. Wofalitsa ndi cuttings.

Euphorbia krupnorogy

Ndi zomera lalikulu. Euphorbia krupnorogy m'chilengedwe akula mamita awiri. Nthambi ya chitsamba chilichonse ichi trehrebernye ogaŵikana zigawo zosiyana. Iwo wavy, phiko woboola pakati, imvi nyanga m'mphepete.

Kunyumba, akhoza kukula kwa denga. Zimafunika kuwala nthawi zonse, koma madzi zolimbitsa. Zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings, koma pamene sitimadzipereka mu zikhalidwe yozungulira ndi kawirikawiri limamasula.

Euphorbia krupnokrylovidny

View, pafupi kwambiri ndi krupnorogomu spurge. Kusiyana okha tsinde quadrangular ndi yowala chilekano wobiriwira ndi spines ang'onoang'ono.

kubalana spurges

Spurge chomera chithunzi munakwanisa kuona m'nkhani ino, chabe mu chisamaliro. Komabe, malamulo muyenera kudziwa. Nthawi zambiri, owerenga adzati: "Kodi kuchulukana spurge?" Tidzayensa ilo.

Pali njira zingapo kubalana wa mbewu. The zofala kwambiri ntchito ndi:

• cuttings;
• pepala cuttings;
• ntchito mbewu;
• kugawa chitsamba.

Kukula milkweed mbewu

Ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kubzala mbewu mwachindunji mu nthaka yozizira kapena nthawi yotentha oyambirira. wamaluwa amakonda ndendende kubereka spurge. Kukula kwa mbewu limachititsa kudzala mbewu mu March.

Mbewu muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti zilowerere mu madzi ofunda kwa maola pafupifupi awiri. Kumbukirani kuti mizu ya Euphorbia osalimba kwambiri, iwo sangathe kupweteka. Choncho, mbewu bwino yofesedwa ndi munthu miphika peat kapena makapu pulasitiki.

Pafupifupi sabata, chodzala mbewu ndi makapu (kutentha sayenera pansipa madigiri 10). Ndiye makapu ayenera kuwayalanso mu malo otentha (20 madigiri). mbewu Milkweed zimere kwa nthawi yaitali - kuchokera masabata 3 mpaka miyezi 2.

Musaiwale kupanga pansi pa galasi mdzenje kukhetsa kuchokera chinyezi owonjezera mu izo. Desirably mbale pansi Agroperlit kuika woonda wosanjikiza -. Pafupifupi 1 cm chotengera ndi linadzaza ndi kusakaniza dothi, chomwe ndi pepala la nthaka, mchenga ndi dongo kuwaika mayiko. Ziyenela kuyan'anidwa chiŵerengero cha 2: 2: 3. mbewu zochuluka anakumba mu nthaka.

Isanafike chodzala dziko ayenera wothira. Magalasi a mbewu zija bwino kuika mu thireyi kumene madzi m'nthaka youma sakutero. Sitiyenera yonyowa ndi achinyezi.

Mbande ayenera anazolowera zinthu panja (kumene, ngati inu kukula mbewu ya m'dera wakunja kwatawuni). Kuti tichite zimenezi ayenera kuti msewu kwa masiku 10 asanadzalemo.

kuthirira

Spurge akusowa madzi zolimbitsa - kamodzi pa sabata. Chifukwa chaichi, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza kapena madzi osasankhidwa. Samalani kuti kuyanika wa topsoil lapansi. Sikuti kuthirira mbewu pamene nthaka akadali yonyowa. nthaka Overdried zingachititse abscission a maluwa ndi masamba. Ndi kuthirira kwambiri zingachititse muzu zowola. Mu kasupe ndi yophukira zomera ayenera madzi zosaposa kamodzi pa masabata awiri. M'nyengo yozizira, kuchepetsa kuthirira kamodzi pamwezi. Utsi Euphorbia Sikuti.