Epistemology monga chiphunzitso cha chidziwitso

Epistemology monga chiphunzitso cha chidziwitso amatanthauza amalanga aumunthu. Iwo ukugwira kafukufuku, chiphunzitso cha nzeru komanso kutsutsa. Epistemology amafufuza kudziwa pa kaonedwe ka kafukufuku kuchita ndi chinthu pansi kuphunzira.

Epistemology monga chiphunzitso cha chidziwitso zikuphatikizapo nkhani, kuvekedwa ndi chifuniro ndi manyazi, ndi chikhalidwe cha chinthu, monga kuyenera kuti popanda chifuniro ndi kutsitsimuka kwa nkhaniyi, pamodzi ndi izo mtima chidziwitso.

Epistemology ikufotokoza nkhani ngati izi:

kutanthauzira kwa chinthucho ndi nkhani ya nzeru,

Kapangidwe ka kuphunzira,

vuto la choonadi, liwulo muyezo wake,

njira omvetsera, ndipo mitundu ya cognition ndi ena.

Epistemology amaphunzira mavuto a akamanena za chidziwitso, liwulo paradaiso, ndiponso ubale wa chidziwitso ndi chowonadi. Epistemology limatchula mavuto chidziwitso ndi lodalirika ndi oona. Chiphunzitso cha nzeru ndi maziko a epistemology. Ntchito za sayansi imeneyi unazunguliridwa mu kusanthula zapansi chilengedwe zomwe n'zotheka kuti motani chifukwa cha nzeru chidziwitso, limene woona, boma lenileni la zinthu.
Epistemology anayamba kupanga malo a chidziwitso nthanthi ngakhale pamaso mapangidwe sayansi yamakono. Ongolankhula kutanthauzira ndi gnoseology chidziwitso akuyamba kuyambira pamene kutanthauzira ongolankhula dongosolo analandira kuchokera malo oona, mfundo zawo, i.e. mthupi mwawo akhoza zimachitika kuli zinthu zina zosaoneka. Epistemology mogwirizana ndi umboni wazotsatira zothandiza chiphunzitso mawu a kuthekera kwawo, liwulo ndiponso kuganizira iwo mu chidziwitso odalirika ndi mabvuto.
The ndondomeko ya cognition ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika anthu.

Monga mbali ya nzeru, epistemology unachokera mu masiku amakedzana. Chikhalidwe cha kubadwa kwake kunali kusintha, kusintha mawonekedwe a cognition. Iwo sankaona monga masoka njira, amene kuwonjezekeredwa mu chikhalidwe cha munthu, n'kupita ku kufuna kuletsa chidziwitso. Kuonetsetsa magawo ena mu chitukuko cha epistemology, chifukwa kufalitsa chidziwitso cha zinthu zimene aphunzira.
1. Choyamba, kudziwa yosanthula ntchito zonse za maganizo. Anaphunzira njira maganizo ndi mfundo ndi yakuti epistemological chilango.
2. Pa nthawi imeneyi, njira zimakhala epistemological chilango chachikulu. Epistemology maphunziro ndi manja zinachitikira kwenikweni, kulankhulana ndi malingaliro ndi nzeru, luso ndi phunziro experimental woyendetsa.
3. Pa nthawi imeneyi, amapatsidwa zosiyanasiyana za zapansi ndi njira yodziwira, zochokera epistemological sukulu watsopano: chiphunzitso cha chidziwitso tacit, hermeneutics, phenomenology, semiotics, scientism.
Knowledge kumachitika m'njira ziwiri, sankaoneka ngati zipani ntchito chidziwitso: ndi zomveka ndi chibadwidwe.
Imalandira kuzindikira chifukwa anazidziwa mwa ziwalo imalandira ndi mantha dongosolo. Chidziwitso chenicheni kusungidwa ndi kukonzedwa mu mawonekedwe a zithunzi zithunzi.
chidziwitso zomveka zachokera umboni, ya kulingalira. Kumvetsa zenizeni zimatheka mwa zowombetsa mkota ophiphiritsa chizindikiro.
Chidziwitso zochita za anthu makamaka zochokera luso chidziwitso zomveka. Ngakhale matupi nzeru za anthu ndi ofanana ndi chidziwitso cha nyama apamwamba. Ntchito monga ukwati, kusiyana fanizo deta, chimodzimodzi maganizo zomveka komanso kwenikweni.
Waukulu mitundu ya kuzindikira kwenikweni ndi maganizo, zotengeka ndi chifaniziro.
Mitundu waukulu kudziwa zomveka chiweruzo, lingaliro, kumasulira.