Crossborder pangano

Mayiko kubwereketsa ikukhudza ntchito ndi kubwereketsa ntchito ngati mbali ya kuchepa, ndi lessor ndi lessee, anthu a m'dzikolo amasiyanasiyana, ndipo popanda kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mayiko nawo tichite.

yogawa Special analandira limagwirira zida malonda umatulutsa tsopano-lessor. Chotero wamaliseche n'kopindulitsa kwambiri chifukwa onsewo kuti: lessor amagulitsa malonda ake, ndi lessee ali ndi luso ilo mtengo wotsikirapo, chifukwa angathe kukopa ndalama ndi mitengo m'munsi chidwi kuposa dziko lawo.

Kumene ndizoonekeratu kuti kubwereketsa lonse amalola ntchito yabwino boma msonkho unakhazikitsidwa mu dziko, ndiye ngati zolimbikitsa katundu msonkho ndi dziko (lessor - lessee).

Kusanthula zinachitikira dziko, tikhoza kunena kuti kubwereketsa mu Europe kale kukhala mbali ya chitukuko ndi olimba a chuma m'mayiko ambiri m'maderawa ake. Voliyumu ya kubwereketsa mwa iwo kukula mofulumira kwambiri mayendedwe kuposa kukula kwa ndalama payekha ikuchitika kupanga makina komanso zida ndi makina.

Mayiko kubwereketsa zikuphatikizapo:

• mwachindunji kubwereketsa, kumene wotuluka pangano analowa pakati pa mabungwe alamulo m'mayiko osiyanasiyana;

• mosadziwika kubwereketsa, ndi lessee ndi lessor - mabungwe alamulo lina, koma likulu mwininyumba uli mwina kwa Makampani zachilendo, kapena ngati lessor ndi wocheperapo wa lina mabungwe ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

Direct yachilendo kubwereketsa agawidwa mu kukhota mu:

• katundu, pamene anagula kuchokera zida dziko kampani kubwereketsa kampani limapereka lessee kunja;

• kunja pamene lessee zoweta kuti lessor amapereka zipangizo, anagula kwa Makampani yachilendo.

Kubwereketsa ndi Mitundu yake

Mitundu ya kubwereketsa anatsimikiza malinga:

- ubale kwa chuma lendi;

- mtundu wa wotuluka ndalama kubwereketsa;

- mtundu wa chuma anausiya;

- zikuchokera ophunzira ntchito ndi kubwereketsa;

- mlingo wa payback anatenga katundu anausiya;

- gawo la msika;

- zokhudzana msonkho,

- depreciation ndi miyambo mwayi komanso zokonda;

- dongosolo la ndalama pangano.

Mayiko kubwereketsa, komanso wina aliyense, lagawidwa ndi ulemu kumalo anausiya on:

• khoka - ndi lessee amatenga ndalama za yokonza malowo anausiya ndi anasamutsidwa lessor malipiro ukonde;

• "M'madzi" kapena zonse - yokonza ndalama katundu anausiya amadzisankhira lessor; Monga ulamuliro, iwo ntchito ndi opanga zida; iye ndi mmodzi wa mtengo kwambiri mtengo;

• Tsankho (tsankho ya ntchito), pamene lessor amachita kokha ena a ntchito za yokonza kalembera anausiya.

Malinga ndi mtundu wa ndalama kubwereketsa lagawidwa:

• mwamsanga, mu nkhani ya kamodzi pangano katundu;

• Kukhazikika mukukonzeratu (turret), pamene pambuyo nthawi loyamba la mgwirizano pangano ndi anawonjezera nthawi yotsatira; momwe pangano chinthu patapita nthawi yina ya lessee kapena optional malingana avale akhoza m'malo ndi zitsanzo chipangizo yatsopano.

Malinga mtundu wa chuma anausiya zimasiyanasiyana:

• makina katundu, monga makina, zipangizo, sitima, magalimoto, ndege, etc., zatsopano ndi ntchito;
• malo Mwachitsanzo, nyumba.

Kubwereketsa akadali agawanika pa mlingo wa payback:

• ndi mphoto zonse (kapena mokwanira pafupi zonse) ngati amortization zonse pa chuma (kapena mokwanira pafupi zonse) akupezeka unali woyenerera wa kubwereketsa mgwirizano ndi moyenera, ndi lessor kufunika katundu analipira zonse;

• ganyu payback, pamene nyengo ya kubwereketsa mgwirizano Choncho zimene mmodzi wa depreciation ake, tsankho ndi amalipira gawo chabe la izo.

Pali mtundu winanso wa pangano mwachindunji - leaseback pamene pangano wagulitsidwa makampani kubwereketsa, kugonjera ku nkhani ya kubwereketsa wake wakale bizinezi.