Claydite: kufanana pokonza

Kukodzedwa dongo miyala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito yomanga chifukwa cha kudalirika kwa nyumba anapanga ku izo. Kumanga thupi ndi kapangidwe angaimire zaka popanda kutaya chilichonse cha maonekedwe ndi zokongoletsa. The zikuchokera simenti matope ndi kuwala kukodzedwa dongo amatanthauza concretes gulu. Zikuchokera keramsit akaphatikiza coarse limapangidwa kukodzedwa dongo, chabwino mchenga akaphatikiza ndi simenti ndi mbali binder. Komanso simenti binder angagwiritsidwe ntchito kumanga pulasitala. Taganizirani mwatsatanetsatane zimene anapangira keramsit kwa zosakaniza machulukidwe osiyana, ukulu ndi makhalidwe a nkhani nyumbayi.

The katundu ndi makhalidwe a zinthu

Zowoneka kukodzedwa dongo dongosolo porous, ndi pore kukula zimadalira akafuna kuwombera pa akaphatikiza chachikulu. Pali madigiri atatu a porosity konkire: coarse, wandiweyani ndipo lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira. Sewerolo wa nyumba ndi nyumba ali ndi chidwi amadza pachilichonse za dongosolo konkire.

Zolimbana keramsit mphamvu anatsimikiza ndi chiwerengero cha dongo miyala chabwino ndi tuzigawo twa coarse. Ntchito dongo kukodzedwa monga njira zoyambirira mchitidwe imafuna zolimba zina kumapangitsanso structural mphamvu zinthu konkire limodzi unsembe fixture zovekera. Waukulu ntchito keramsit - kupanga malire kutchinjiriza wosanjikiza mu nyumba multilayer.

Mphamvu ndi thupi makhalidwe keramsit zimadalira chiŵerengero zikuluzikulu. Adzakhululukidwa anazindikira kuti kufanana keramsit pansi ndi osakaniza kufanana kupanga nyumba zingatipunthwitse ndi osiyana.

Claydite: Molingana ndi zikuchokera njira

Monga overlaps pomanga nyumba kwa nthawi yaitali ntchito analimbitsa slab konkire, lero njira imeneyi si zogwirizana. Analimbitsa simenti slab ndi chidwi drawback - otsika matenthedwe kutchinjiriza. Chuma, angathe bwinobwino kupirira ndi akadali kupereka zinthu womasuka mu chipinda ndi kukodzedwa dongo, amene ntchito ngati tayi a.

Kuika wa screed ndi, m'pofunika kulabadira mtundu wa pamwamba pa potsata kapangidwe kake. kufanana mulingo woyenera keramsit screed kutalika 30 mamilimita pa 1m2 amafuna makilogalamu 40 a osakaniza peskobeton M300 ndi makilogalamu 35 a miyala ya dongo.

Claydite: screed kufanana malingana ndi osalimba masamu phindu kwa 1m3

Pakuti yokonza konkire mu chotengera abwino mlandu dongo kukodzedwa kenako anathira madzi (ping'ono). Pambuyo kuvunda kwa kapangidwe porous a granules mu chotengera yodzaza binders - simenti, mchenga konkire. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomanga ndi chosakanizira mpaka kugwirizana wandiweyani. Kusanganikirana njira ndi anasiya pambuyo chipika simenti konkire amapeza mtundu.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zilumikizano keramsit

Nthawi zambiri, opepuka akaphatikiza screed umagwiritsidwa, ngati n'koyenera, kuwonjezera mlingo wa pansi mu chipinda. Pamwamba kwaiye ali mphamvu yapamwamba, wokhazikika kwa chinyezi, mpweya Kodi sudzatha. Ubwino wa screed keramsit:

• ndalama zake amadalira kukula ndi makulidwe a ❖ kuyanika;
• Mukhozanso phiri luso ndi moyo utumiki yaitali;
• n'zotheka kusintha ndege ya kuchotsa monyanyira ndi zosiyana;
• ngakhale mtheradi ndi mitundu yonse ya yazokonza pansi;
• digiri yapamwamba ya kukana madzi ndi moto kukana, kutchinjiriza cholamitsa;
• kukana kuti kuukira kwachilengedwenso ndi mankhwala;
• mwa njira zimenezi, monga kuphika kufanana keramsit ankalamulira kachulukidwe;
• ukhondo zachilengedwe.

Screed wa keramsit ali kuipa:

• unsembe limodzi ndi kuwuka kwambiri pansi;
• pambuyo kuyanika amafuna akupera pamwamba.

Kapezekedwe midadada luso

Ndi kumanga yaing'ono nyumba kapena malonda pa kanyumba kapena chiwembu m'munda eni amafuna kumanga midadada ya dongo kukodzedwa. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito yomanga nyumba ikumangidwa m'madera otsika katundu mwankhanza mphamvu nthaka. chifukwa lili kusankha zipangizo mkulu ntchito ndi njira kupanga midadada zilipo. Iwo akhoza kupanga awo m'munda popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono.

Mapangidwe midadada keramsit

Opepuka midadada akaphatikiza ndi mitundu iwiri: perforated ndi olimba. Kaya mawonekedwe a midadada maziko ndi kukodzedwa dongo miyala. Midadada amene mawonekedwe alibe voids ntchito kuyala maziko a makoma ndi cladding akunja. midadada dzenje ankagwiritsa ntchito monga soundproof ndi kutentha zokutira zitsulo wosanjikiza kamodzi makoma mkati mwa nyumbayo.

Pogwiritsa ntchito midadada porous adzauka makhalidwe ndi makoma zimakhudza maziko a nyumba. Komabe, ntchito yaikulu ya ntchito simenti pa dzuwa yomanga anatsimikiza ndi nyumba inamangidwa. Chifukwa porosity dongosolo la zimatheka ndi kutsitsa mtengo zopangira ndi kuwala zinthu kulemera yomanga.

Claydite kapangidwe ndi anapangira osakaniza kwa akamaumba wa midadada

Opepuka midadada akaphatikiza mu kapangidwe kake akupanga kukodzedwa dongo, simenti ndalama mchenga ndi zina zina. M'mawu ena, osakaniza chikukhudza kukodzedwa dongo ndipo binders. Monga zina kuti kusintha thupi katundu wa nyumba zingatipunthwitse angagwiritsidwe ntchito nkhuni saponified utomoni (DLS) kuonjezera kukana kutentha otsika. Kuonjezera digiri kogwirizana ufa anawonjezera lingnosulfonata luso (LSTP).

Kukonzekera njira

Binder osakaniza maziko mapangidwe wosanjikiza textured ndi slag simenti (SPC) kapena M400 mtundu simenti (Portland simenti). Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti mtundu simenti sangakhale zosakwana M400. Kenako anawonjezera kukodzedwa dongo ndi mchenga ndalama.

Timasindikiza kukodzedwa dongo ndi manja awo, osakaniza kufanana: 1 (simenti), 8 (miyala, kukodzedwa dongo) ndi 3 (mchenga). zikuchokera Izi zimamupatsa makhalidwe abwino nkhani tsogolo nyumbayi. Popanga kukodzedwa dongo, mu kufanana akhale ngati 1m3: malita 230-250 madzi. Opatsa plasticity konkire akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira national: panthawi kusakaniza kuwonjezera supuni ya ufa sopo.

Kusakaniza zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse ziyenera kuchitidwa mu chosakanizira konkire, akuyambira kutsatira njira: potsegula ng'oma ndi particulate zosakaniza ali osokonezeka, ndiye pang'onopang'ono madzi anawonjezera kupeza misa homogeneous wa kugwirizana dongo ngati.

The akamaumba zotchinga ndi chomaliza

Mu malo kupanga mphasa wokwera mayunitsi, amene anayikidwa pa formwork lapansi. Kuyanika ndondomeko ndi midadada zosavomerezeka mwachindunji anamenyedwa pa chinyezi awo ndi dzuwa, kuti izi zitheke, wokwera denga. Pamaso atagona njira yothetsera makoma mkati topaka kwambiri makina mafuta ndi owazidwa m'munsi mchenga. Pali muyezo makulidwe a midadada, zopangidwa keramsit: 190 × 190 × 140 ndi 390 × 190 × 140 mm. Standard miyeso ayenera kuchitidwa koma yaing'ono kukula dziko yomanga zikhoza kusintha ndi kukonda kwanu.

Nditamaliza magawo onse kukonzekera za mawonekedwe ndizodzazidwa ndi yankho. osakaniza ndi tikaumbike kuthetsa opanda mpaka mkaka simenti. The pamalo a midadada ali limagwirizana trowel. Kumvetsa mawonekedwe kumapeto kwa tsiku ndi nthawi atagona pa njira, midadada nthawi yomweyo musati kuloza ku oipa kotheratu.

kuyanika nthawi kumatenga masiku 25-28, malingana ndi zinthu nyengo. kuyanika ndondomeko sayenera analimbikitsa chongopeka muyende mu nthawi yochepa, imfa mofulumira chinyezi zingachititse akulimbana ndi imfa ya mphamvu ya midadada ya.

Chopangidwa kunyumba keramsit midadada poganiza kuti onse a malamulo awa midadada otsika opangidwa ndi malo mafakitale ndondomeko.