Chochitika Management - ndi kasamalidwe ka gulu la zochitika. Tsikuli kasamalidwe ndi chitukuko mu Russia

Chochitika Management - mndandanda wa zinthu anayesetsa kulenga misa ndi zochitika amapeza. Pankhaniyi, woyamba chinakonzedwa kuti akugwirizana kwambiri ndi makampani malonda, pamene yotsirizira akuuzidwa kulimbitsa ndi mzimu umene unali mwa mabungwe.

Tsikuli kasamalidwe amadziwika pansi pa dzina lina - ". Chochitika" ntchito yake yaikulu ndi gulu la zinthu wamba a mwambo zikuluzikulu kuti sizidzakumbukiridwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo pambuyo kutha.

A mbiri pang'ono

Ngati tikambirana mfundo imeneyi anawamasulira kuti English, ndi chochitika, chochitika. Sourcebook amadziwika kuti zochitika woyamba zosangalatsa anaonekera mu m'ma 19. Pa nthawi imeneyo, kugulitsa matikiti kwa zochitika zosiyanasiyana katswiri wa mpira. Mu ichi ndi Olympic Mwachitsanzo, ku Greece, kapena kupikisana zosiyanasiyana Ancient Rome Angagwiritsidwenso zimachitika zosangalatsa.

Cult Tsikuli woyang'anira Joe Goldblatt anasonyeza kuti ntchito ya kulinganiza wa zosiyanasiyana yopuma kunayamba m'ma 20 (1955 - Oyamba a "Disneyland"). Izi munthu wapadera mungakhoze kukhulupirira, chifukwa iye ndi amene anayambitsa mayiko a chochitika ntchito bwino. Iye anayamba maphunziro yoyamba kuphunzitsidwa ndi pulogalamu akatswiri chitsimikizo mderali.

The zikuchitika oyang'anira chochitika

Monga mukudziwa, anthu masiku ano ali ndi makhalidwe ziwiri zazikulu - kuŵeta ndi mowa. Zinali iwo amene mukopedwe kufunika likuwonjezekabe chochitika-malonda.

Monga mukudziwa, anthu masiku ano ali ndi makhalidwe ziwiri zazikulu - kuŵeta ndi mowa. Zinali iwo amene mukopedwe kufunika likuwonjezekabe chochitika-malonda.

Mu Russia, kasamalidwe chochitika anagwira pa nthawi yomweyo. Choncho, mu USSR, mtundu wa utumiki operekedwa ndi boma kwa nthawi yaitali, komanso anaberekera udindo kuyendetsa zochitika chachikulu (monga Games Olympic).

Professional Tsikuli kampani Russia anayamba ntchito yake yokha mu 90s kwa zaka za m'ma 20. Chifukwa chikhalidwe cha ntchito imeneyi kunapezeka kuti ambiri a akatswiri zinali ntchito bwanji. Choncho, zinthu ikuchitika zaka, osati chifukwa cha kupindula, ndi mudzichonga mwachizolowezi.

Ndi chitukuko cha chikhalidwe silinaphunzire anapitiriza adzauka ankafuna osati chochitika-malonda, komanso mu chochitika kasamalidwe akatswiri. Iwo amayenera kukhala kulenga, komanso uyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana zipangizo ndi chidziwitso m'munda wa kuwerenga maganizo. Mu lathu atsopano a mabungwe mu chikhalidwe ndi antchito aluso amatha kulinganiza Mulimonse. Nafenso tikhoza kuganiza kuti gawo zaperekedwa ntchito adzakhala inakulitsidwa.

Mwambo kwa zinthu zimenezi

Kotero, momwe mukhoza kuyamba chochitika? Zifukwa zomwe ndi "zing'wenyeng'wenye ndi" Kenako gulu la zochitika, kungakhale yosiyana. Malinga ndi zolinga, m'pofunika kusiyanitsa zochita zotsatirazi: semina, zochitika, kuphunzitsa maphunziro, misonkhano ndi zokambirana, komanso chidzatha liti. Mwa zochita zimene zimakhudzidwa kasamalidwe chochitika ali motere: Fund-woweta (kulera ndalama cholinga chapadera), Zabwino, miyambo, maphwando, masewera osiyanasiyana zoimbaimba ndipo zisudzo nyimbo, komanso zikondwerero misa. Chinthu chachikulu mu ndondomeko imeneyi - kugwiritsa ntchito olondola a chochitika chilichonse ndi gulu la chikondwerero ndi phindu pazipita.

Amadziwika kwa zomwe gulu la zochitika, ngakhale waung'ono kwambiri akukhudza, zimafuna khama kwambiri ndi ndalama (chuma ndi ozindikira). Choncho, kukonzekera Mkhalidwe womvetsa mwatsatanetsatane chapamwamba kwambiri zolinga, zolinga ndi ankafunila nkhani. Only atalandira mayankho zonse mafunso amenewa angayambe yomweyo Tsikuli kasamalidwe. Komabe, mu kukonzekera ayenera ndinaganiza ena maudindo ofunikira kwambiri, tikambirana zina.

bajeti

Mawu amenewa waba tikaona mtengo wa zam'tsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, wabwino kwambiri makampani chipani ndalama 20 zikwi Cu. A lonse chochitika chosiyana (mwachitsanzo, yotamandika kwambiri konsati yoimba) ndi chosiyana chochitika kasamalidwe. Izi tchuthi pamwamba mlingo ndi zinthu zina m'gulu: misonkhano atolankhani, zokambirana atolankhani ndi televizioni. Mtengo wa zinthu ngati zikuluzikulu zambiri ukufika kufanana kwambiri.

utheke

No sitepe wosalemekezeka, ozikidwa pa gulu la chochitika, - dongosolo. Kukafola mndandanda yeniyeni nkhani zimene ayenera analankhula, ndipo nthawi ya adzalola osati bungwe tchuthi makamaka, komanso zikuchokera mulingo woyenera kwambiri Ziwerengero mtengo pa iye.

ogwira

Ndi kuthetsa nkhani malembedwe aantchito basi ayenera ntchito pa gulu la zinthu zinachitikadi molondola. Choncho, chinthu choyambirira ndi kudziwa chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito pa makamaka chikondwerero ojambula zithunzi, akatswiri phokoso, akatswiri a dziko. Tiyenera kumvetsa bwinobwino mmene anthu ambiri adzakhala chinkhoswe mu yobereka zida, kukonzekera a m'derali, komanso kukambirana ndi kampani.

kukopa othandizira

Organization ndi khalidwe la zochitika zambiri ikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi zothandizira. Komabe nthawi zina, makampani tchuthi ku kampani yomwe inachitika yake. Izi zidalira pa kukula kwa izi kapena kuti chipani.

Kukopa chidwi kwa anthu

Imodzi mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri, zomwe ayesera kuthetsa kasamalidwe chochitika ndi kupeza nkhani zofunika. Choncho, pamene akukonzekera kanthu koyenera molondola chikuimira ndalama ndi chimene chikhalidwe cha yankho ku chochitika makamaka, ndi zofunika kupeza.

NAWO wa lachitatu maphwando

Ndi nkhaniyi Mulimonsemo pang'ono Manager woyamba Chochitika kapena Manager Marketing. Gulu la zochitika za lonse onse kukhulupirira akatswiri a. Ngakhale kuti maholide mwina athe kuchita pang'ono mtengo, ofesi yapadera kupewa mavuto ambiri, kutenga kulemera ndi ntchito zonse.

Akatswiri, zinthu mogwirizana ndi malamulo kuyamba ndi lingaliro ambiri. Ndiyeno yekha, ntchito zilandiridwenso kupereka lingaliro uwonetsele pazipita payekha ndi akamanena za zochitika za m'tsogolo.

Chotsatira ndi kusankha zida oyenera ndi zipangizo. Koma chofunika mfundo ndondomeko izi kulenga yomalizidwa script. The akatswiri a mabungwe awa udzachitike kukambirana ndi kampani, kupeza katswiri akatswiri phokoso ndi presenters. Komanso, akatswiri adzapeza njira bwanji kupulumutsa ena mwa mfundo, koma musaphonye kanthu amangokhala ali pikitipikiti tchuthi.

gulu More nchito ya chidzachitike ndi nkhani za bungwe yoyenera akatswiri, makamaka maubale. Mwachitsanzo, mabungwe kulankhulana anakhazikitsa ojambula Kale ndi atolankhani, akhoza kukwaniritsa nkhani mofulumira kwambiri. Akatswiri kukwaniritsa zolinga ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kufalitsa mauthenga: mwachindunji-mail, malonda panja, nadzalalikira mfundo chandamale omvera mothandizidwa ndi magwero wapadera. Motero, masiku ano lalikulu makampani Russian akukumana ndi kufunika bungwe chikondwerero ndi nawo akatswiri.

Kuyerekezera ndi mchitidwe kumadzulo

Mu West, chochitika kasamalidwe - ndi watsopano mtundu wanji wa malonda, akhoza kuganiza osaposa zaka makumi awiri. Chidwi cha anthu amalonda Russian kucheza ndi ntchito iyi ndi 90s pakati. Nthawi imeneyi, chuma zoweta anatsitsimuka ndipo anakhala njira zina ennobles ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Tsikuli kasamalidwe ndi limodzi mwa zosiririka kwambiri, pambuyo akatswiri mu msika aya. Chiwerengero cha mabungwe amene mitundu ya misonkhano nthawi zonse kuwonjezeka ndipo zochitika anthu kuyamba pa lathu la European, osati Moscow komanso malo aakulu.

Komabe, bungwe la zochitika zamitundu yonse ayenera kuganizira peculiarities wa mtima national: ngati phwando - mpaka m'mawa. kupingasa iyi ya moyo Russian zina amalenga mavuto ena, koma chifukwa si mwanjira iliyonse anakhudzidwa.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti mu dera lino la chiyembekezo ntchito waukulu. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuti zimenezo ntchito msika ndi athanzi, molawirira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, pamaso pa zotchipa likuvutika khalidwe limodzi ntchito chifukwa kupanda chikhalidwe makampani osiyanasiyana chochitika kasamalidwe. Choncho, ambiri amakumbukira kuti kufunika kukondwerera Chaka Chatsopano kapena chikumbutso cha kampani masiku angapo zisanachitike. Ndipo kwenikweni, ndalama zogwirizana ayenera alembedwa mu kafukufuku osachepera wina miyezi isanu ndi umodzi wa chikondwerero.

maphunziro Chochitika kasamalidwe

Mwatsoka, sukulu, zimene kukonzekera akatswiri otere kulibe. ntchito imeneyi zambiri amaphunzira ojambula zithunzi, zamaganizo, aphunzitsi ndi otsatsa. Nthawi zambiri, anthu kupeza ntchito «Tsikuli woyang'anira" wopanda maphunziro apadera. Maphunziro ali oyenera okhawo amene ali mutu nkhani zofanana ndi ndizosowa kasamalidwe chochitika. Mwatsoka, iwo ndiwo zocheperatu.

Nthawi zambiri, Tsikuli mabungwe zikugwira kuphunzitsa ogwira ntchito ake. Kuti tichite zimenezi, antchitowo ntchito. Ndipo zokhazokha wa iwo analembetsa boma.

Ikani patsogolo zofuna ofuna

Tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti ntchito ya woyang'anira mu gulu - Njira yace ya upulumuki. N'chifukwa chake munthu amene wasankha ntchito imeneyi ayenera makhalidwe kuti mwachindunji ingathandize zochita zake akatswiri.

Zofunika makhalidwe Tsikuli woyang'anira:

- poyera ndi mokondwera khalidwe, asamangochita zimene akufuna, komanso ali ndi maonekedwe;

- kulenga ndi luso luso;

- mawunikidwe ndi maganizo a kulenga;

- High ntchito ndi nkhawa;

- utsogoleri ;

- gulu luso;

- wokonzeka kudziletsa kusintha.

Kuchokera pa mndandanda pamwamba pa makhalidwe, Ndizachidziwikire kuti homebody ndi phlegmatic bwino mderali sizikhudza.

Anthu za ntchito uyenera kukhala matalente luso kulenga. Komabe, chofunika kwambiri mu nkhani iyi, kukhala ndi luso lake lolinganiza. woyang'anira ayenera bwino kusankha ndi zolinga pa mtengo uliwonse. Komanso kale luso ntchito ndi kuchuluka yaikulu mfundo ndi luso lokopa.

Choncho, zikuoneka ngati kuti chinthu zovuta izi kasamalidwe chochitika. Kodi kuphunzira pa nthawi yomweyo, si bwino kwathunthu komanso. Mungathe kunena chinthu chimodzi motsimikiza - ngati munthu ali osachepera theka la makhalidwe amenewa, omwe m'nkhaniyi, akhoza kuyesa kuthandiza kukhazikitsa chochitika Mwachitsanzo, mu kampani kumene amagwira ntchito. Ndipo ngati ndi chifuniro chake chabwino, ndi iye amakonda kuchita izo, ndiyeno ife tikhoza kale kupereka mautumiki awo ndi makampani ena.

Malangizo waukulu wa kasamalidwe chochitika

Today akatswiri kulima-malonda zigwire m'madera amenewo oyang'anira chochitika: bungwe la zochitika mkati makampani amene umalimbana kulimbitsa mzimu wa ogwira ntchito; akuluakulu zikuluzikulu zochita.

Komabe, pa nkhani iliyonse, akatswiri kubwera ku ntchito kuti ayenera kuthetsa. Chiphunzitso yeniyeni zolinga zingakuthandizeni kusankha kwa zosiyanasiyana zipangizo kupanga, amene ali oyenera pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana. Taganizirani chitsanzo chotsatirachi.

Mwachitsanzo, kampani mankhwala Tsikuli bungwe analamulidwa chikondwerero cha chikumbutso lachisanu la kubadwa kwake. M'phwando lonse, Choyamba, zimathandiza kuti mzimu amapeza. Choncho, ngati Njira anali zosiya gulu kuti kalabu dziko. Monga njira yabwino ndithu kulankhulana osankhidwa Mpikisano gulu ndi masewera kulandirana mtundu, kosangalatsa holide imeneyo zinali kupereka mpata kwa aliyense amene akufuna kudzaona mzinda kuchokera chibaluni.