Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa, Moore: mbiri ndi zithunzi

Kuchokera pamwamba pa phiri limene Chiwalitsiro amonke Murom, amatsegula kukongola Mulungu wa expanses chosaneneka. Izi m'mphepete moona epic kumbukirani ambiri a oyera, kuwala m'dziko Russian. Apa iwo adalemekeza Mulungu, woyang'anira wakumwamba wa banja Peter ndi Fevronia, iye kupulumutsa mpaka mphamvu zawo ngwazi Ilya Muromets ndipo pano osati waponya mkulu odzichepetsa Serafim Sarovsky. Anthu ambiri amakumbukira dziko la Murom ndi obisika, omwe anakhala mbali ya mbiri yake.

The ray choyamba cha Orthodox m'mayiko Murom

Chiwalitsiro amonke Murom, amene ali wamkulu mu Russia, linakhazikitsidwa ndi Prince Glebom Vladimirovichem - mwana wa Prince Vladimir, amene anabweretsa kuyatsa lapansi Russian Orthodox. Analandira mu 1015 bambo ake mu malo a mzinda wa Moore, umene anthu nthawi imeneyo anali adakali m'manda mu mdima wa chikunja, kalonga wamng'ono napeza kuti phindu la samakhala mu izo, ndi kukhazikitsa pabwalo lawo kudzuka pamodzi Oka ndi kusankha malo iye pa phompho, inamera wandiweyani nkhalango gombe.

Achangu, posakhalitsa analamula kuti amange pafupi kachisi wake Knyazhye Terem, ndipo pamene pakati m'nkhalango wakale mpaka chipika makoma ake, osati ankapita yekha ku chipulumutso cha moyo wake, koma amitundu onse, mbuye ndi mwini amene ali. Ubatizo kotero lalikulu ndipo anataya a m'mphepete nkhalango - ndi ntchito yolemetsa ndi nthawi wonyeketsa, ndi kuti Ambuye analapa maphunziro ake chiyambi Murom dziko ndi maziko a obisika a.

Umboni wa zipilala dzanja olembedwa zaka zapitazi

Kuti mudziwe pamene ndi amene anakhazikitsidwa Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa (Moore) mwatsatanetsatane mu mpukutu wamkulu amene yatsikira kwa ife kuchokera mzaka XVI. Za chiyambi wakale wa agulupa monga umboni ndi zikalata zina za mbiri yakale wa m'zaka za zana XII. Iwo akutiuza kuti 1096 pafupi makoma obisika anaphedwa mu nkhondo ndi kalonga Oleg ena Murom wolamulira - Prince Izyaslav Vladimirovich (mwana wa Vladimir Monomakh).

Anasunga mipukutu yakale, ndi pokumbukira imfa ya munthu zambiri achipembedzo Prince Yuriya Izyaslavovicha, amene analamulira kuyambira 1162 ndi 1174. malo ake okhala, umboni ndi a Ipatiev amafotokoza, anakhala Mpulumutsi Chiwalitsiro amonke Murom, amene gawo lamulo lake ndi anaika watsopano mpingo belu nsanja anamangidwira. Kaya anali thanthwe kapena chipika, monga kuloŵedwa m'malo anamanga Prince Gleb - sakudziwika. Iwo anati yekha kuti thupi lake anaikidwa m'manda mu izo.

Zotsatirazi limafotokozera zilipo Nkhani, kutanthauza Mpulumutsi Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa (Moore), ndi amafotokoza za cha m'ma XV. Limanena za mmene mu 1467 ku Novgorod boyar Fedor Boretsky - mwana wa wotchuka Bwanamkubwa Mkazi Martha, anatsogolera kulimbana kwa mzinda ufulu wa Novgorod kwa ufulu wa Grand Duchy wa Moscow, anapatsidwa kutenga obisika malonjezo kumene kumakhala Amonke asanafe. Tikumbukenso kuti chinali chizolowezi pa nthawi - pafupi imfa, kusiya zonse padziko lapansi ndi "angelo udindo" kusamukira ku dziko lina.

Anthu anadzadza mzinda kampu ya asilikali

Pa msonkhano wokopa anapambana likulu la Kazan Khanate, anayesetsa Ivanom Groznym, umodzi mwa misewu ya asilikali Russian anadutsa Moore. Spaso-Preobrazhensky obisika anali malo anakhala milungu iwiri, imene zinamangidwa Hiramu anatumiza ndi Struga kwa Kuoloka kwa Oka Mtsinje.

mbiri yakale amanena kuti mu July chaka chomwecho, mzinda ankawoneka ngati ndende ya asilikali. anagonjetsedwa m'misewu ambiri kuyenda mahema, osenonnye nkhondo mbendera akhoza kulikonse ndi asilikali, ndipo anamva kulira kwa mfuti. Apa mfumu kuyang'ana pamwamba pa gombe kumanzere, amene anali obisika magawo ulendo kudutsa Oka mtsinje, kumene nkhalango anayamba Sakanskie.

lumbiro mfumu

M'masiku amenewo, khamu Ivana Groznogo ndi kudzadza Murom anamuperekeza. Mwambo limanena kuti kusiya kunyumba, Mfumu analumbira kuti amange mpingo mwala mu nkhani ya kugonjetsa mdani wa. Monga mukudziwa, ntchito imeneyi inatha kudya Kazan, ndipo mu 1655 Chifukwa mawu ake anamangidwira osati mmodzi koma mipingo ingapo, pakati limene limafotokoza Mpulumutsi Cathedral, zimene mfumu anapereka wapatali ziwiya mpingo, mabuku, zithunzi ndi zovala wolemera.

Ngakhale kusintha mobwerezabwereza, pa tchalitchi anapulumuka masiku ano, ndi kusungidwa kaŵirikaŵiri tione pachiyambi. Ataona izi, ngakhale amamva cursory yokwanira kubwera kukumbukira ndondomeko ya Moscow Cathedral wa Akukwera, pafupi ali mbali yawo mapulani. Izi zisanu ozungulira, kotero zikusonyeza kalembedwe Moscow a chi, ndipo wodzichepetsa ornamentation wa pamakoma, ndi ovuta laconic anapangira nyumba onse, kukhala ndi lingaliro yodalirika ndi kuphweka kwambiri.

Amadziwika kuti Mpulumutsi Chiwalitsiro amonke Murom alitcha Ivanu Groznomu kwa kulemera kwake zachuma. Mfumu analembera umwini wake ndi zigawo zambiri - zigawo ndi akapolo, amene anakhala malo ake. ntchito alimi kuti Lazaro asafe ku nkhawa za mkate tsiku ndi tsiku, kulola iye amachita ndi kupulumutsa anamanganso.

Foray mu burglars yachilendo

Mu umodzi wa mbiri yakale chibwenzi pa chaka 1637, pali buku mu 1616, mwachitsanzo kumayambiriro kwa ulamuliro wa Mikhail Fedorovich - mfumu yoyamba ya Nyumba ya Romanov, ndi Chilituyaniya zida gulu pansi pa lamulo Aleksandra Lisovskogo anatenga Moore. Spaso-Preobrazhensky ansembe yotchedwa, ndi sinawonongeke wopulumuka ya Time ya Mavuto anali agwidwa masiku awa, ndi anthu okhalamo, amene anakaniza mdani aphedwe. Dzina la mtsogoleri wa detachment apakavalo mobwerezabwereza akumenya wakubayu wamba anapita mu mbiriyakale ndipo wakhala n'chimodzimodzi ndi chiwawa ndi nkhanza.

kulanga kusamvera

Bright ndi wodzala tsamba kwambiri mbiri ya agulupa anali zimene zinachitika pambuyo chifukwa cha kusintha mpingo zagwiridwa ndi mabishopu, Nikon. Amadziwika kuti mwa zaluso ikuchitika mwa iwo zasintha kwambiri chikhalidwe cha kupembedza, ndi chiyambi cha ntchito kumene kuchokera ku Baibulo mabuku Greek mpingo, m'malo dvuperstiya kale ndi chizindikiro cha mtanda pa troeperstie ndi zambiri.

kukonzanso uku, zomveka kwenikweni ake, koma anatengedwa ku mopupuluma ndi kudwala, inayambitsa zionetsero mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu ya anthu ndipo anali kuchititsa zogawikazo mpingo, zotsatira za zimene anamva lero. Malinga ndi mbiri zakale, mu masiku amenewo mmodzi wa osula wa Okhulupirira Old anakhala Mpulumutsi Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa (Moore).

Archimandrite wake Anthony mobwerezabwereza anapempha osati anawatsogolera kutenga, koma kwa anthu a mumzindawo ndi pempho limene natsutsa kusintha chikutsutsana mwachizolowezi, kuti azilandira zaka za moyo mpingo. Makamaka kutsutsa lamulo kuti abatizidwe ndi zala zitatu. Iye anatumiza kalata kwa Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, lomwe limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mfundo awafotokozera zonena zonse poyerekezera kusintha.

Choncho kutifotokozera za kupondereza Rada, maganizo ake, kupembedza wakale, m'busa uja ananena kuganizira chinthu chimodzi chofunika kwambiri - kusintha linali ovomerezedwa ndi mfumu, koma anagwiritsanso pansi zothandizira mipingo yawo wake. Choncho, kumatsutsa izo, iye anayenda motsutsana ndi chifuniro wachifumu, ndi zimene maulendo Russia ndi kulangidwa?

Chinachake chimene mungayembekezere. Mu 1662 stroptivets inachotsedwa kasamalidwe obisika, ndipo patapita anaitana kwa Moscow, kumene nkhani yake yafotokozedwa ndime pamene Council Local. Kodi amuthandize, kaya poyera anabweretsa kulapa kapena ntchito kale ubusa. Pakuti mkwiyo ndi freethinking, iye mosatsata ndi ulemu, ndinali mmonke yosavuta, anatumiza ku kumvera kwa kutali ndi agulupa osauka, komwe anakhala masiku onse a moyo wake.

zaka wotsatira mu moyo wa agulupa ya

atafooka mu moyo chuma obisika panali khumi zapitazi ya atumwi XVII. Izi zinachitika kuyamika zopereka, anakhazikitsa mobwerezabwereza chuma wake, Metropolitan Varsonofy - anachokera banja wakale wa amalonda olemera Chertkovs Murom. ubwino wake anamangidwira mwala abbot ndi kumanganso likufunika kukonzedwa Pokrovsky kachisi.

ulamuliro wa Peter Ine anadzazidwa ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri, zomwe analowa mbiri ya agulupa ya. The okha kwambiri luso nthawi imeneyi anali anatulukira pa madera ake okha bungwe la maphunziro - kusukulu, amene ana a ansembe anali ophunzitsidwa. Ngakhale chiwerengero cha ana anali ochepa mmenemo, n'zoonekeratu phindu popeza iye anakhala pakati loyamba kulemba mu dera lalikulu.

The mavuto nthawi ya Catherine

mavuto ambiri ndi mavuto anapirira Spaso-Preobrazhensky ansembe yotchedwa (Moore) m'nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Catherine II. Kulemera kwake zachuma zoipa wolumala malamulo ake ndi kusiya kupembedza, amene ali, achire malo a m'mayiko kumene kumakhala Amonke, nthawi zambiri ndiwo ndalama eni. Asalandidwe kwapatsidwa kwa iye pa nthawi ya Ivana Groznogo wambiri, agulupa anayamba kutha.

zinali zovuta chifukwa chakuti mwa lamulo, wafika ku St. Petersburg mu 1765, linathetsedwa ili pafupi Borisoglebskaya wamwamuna obisika ndi anthu ake anasamukira ku Spaso-Preobrazhensky ansembe yotchedwa (Murom). Revenue pamenepa, Ndithudi, anthu osati kuchuluka, pamene anthu oti adyetsedwe chawonjezeka. Chimonko wokonda Mulungu anali kumangitsa malamba awo ngakhale kwambiri cassocks awo.

Chizindikiro cha zozizwitsa za Athos

mayeso Mzere, chopatsika amonke chifukwa cha kunyada kale, unatha kufikira makumi asanu ndi awiri a atumwi zotsatirazi, pamene abbot anaikidwa Archimandrite Anthony (Ilyin). Kugwira chuma osasamalika kwambiri, wodzichepetsa, koma zochitika zenizeni, abusa anayamba ndi kunena kuti iye anapita pa ulendo Woyera Phiri Athos, kumeneko kuti kupempha thandizo kwa mphamvu zakumwamba.

mapemphero ake adayankha, ndi pamaso pa iye anabwerera ndi chithunzi zozizwitsa za Amayi a Mulungu "Mwachangu Mverani" imene yomweyo anakopeka khamu la amwendamnjira ndi wapereka inflow ndalama mu obisika zopereka. Chifukwa ichi, mu zaka zingapo zotsatira ife anakwanitsa refurbish ndi kubweretsa woyenera onse lawola ndi nthawi nyumba obisika.

Komanso, mu 1892 pafupi kum'mwera khoma la obisika unamangidwapo yosanja katatu nyumba njerwa, lomwe linaikidwa maselo fraternal, namanga mpingo wina mu 1907, nthawi ili mu ulemu wa ofera Chersonesus. Iyo inali nyumba yomaliza kucitika mu obisika a. Akupitirizabe akuyandikira tsoka, anagwa mu fumbi la ufumu waukulu, ndipo kwa zaka zambiri kuti kusiya anthu Russian mizu yake yauzimu.

M'goli la akuluakulu osaopa

Atangoyamba ndi zida zokhumba d'état mu 1917, Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa (Moore) amene adiresi kuyambira pamenepo anamukwiyira amaimira dzina la chosintha I. N. Lukina, Anatseka. Chifukwa kuti anali mbali ya wake Abbot Bishop Mitrofan (Zagorski) mu chiwembu odana Bolshevik, kunabuka Murom mu July 1918 bungwe White Alonda mobisa. Koma zinali mu Chiwalitsiro Cathedral anapitiriza kukhala ndi tchalitchi yathu kwa zaka ziwiri. Unakhalabe wotseguka ndipo obisika kumanda, komwe maliro kunachitika wamba.

Mu makumi a, linali funso la kulanda malo ya agulupa pansi ulamuliro wa Murom Museum kuphunzira wamba, koma mapeto a zaka khumi, iwo ili unit usilikali ndipo nyumba zingapo wotanganidwa mzinda NKVD. Shrine Spaso- (Moore) ndi pang'ono anasamutsa mapale m'nyumbayi, koma ambiri a iwo akanangowonongeratu kapena achifwamba.

Adzabwerenso obisika (kapena kani, mabwinja ake) pachifuwa cha mpingo

The ndondomeko ya kubwerera okhulupirira katundu makolo awo inayamba mu 1990, pamene akuluakulu a gulu kanthu kukhala mu mzinda, ankalankhula kalata lotseguka ku utsogoleri wa komiti wamkulu ndi pempho kusamutsa Mpulumutsi Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa (Moore) amene adilesi: Str. Lakin, 1 ndi, mu munda wa wongokhazikitsidwa anthu opembedza. Zimenezi zili ndi academician D. S. Lihachovym, pemphani thandizo la atsogoleri akuluakulu mpingo.

Kuthana ndi mavuto anathera m'njira, zinatitengera zaka pafupifupi zisanu, koma potsiriza kuyikidwa mu unit obisika asilikali anasamukira ku malo atsopano ndi kumasuka malo onse kupulumuka. Pamenepo kazembe wa kutsitsimuka agulupa anakhala wansembe Kirill (Epifanov).

Mu Maulendo Ake, chithunzi, kum'patsa paulendo woyamba wa agulupa ya unalidi wosasangalala. M'misasa anasiya usilikali, anali theka kuwonongedwa, ndipo anamanga akachisi Ankawaphwanyira osati wa domes, koma ngakhale chotsekeracho. Popeza kuti ndalama kwa iwo munalibe kuchira akhoza ankaimira onsewo zovuta za mavuto kazembeyo.

A obisika chachiwiri anapulumutsidwa kuti chithunzi womwewo wa Amayi a Mulungu "Mwachangu Mverani", anabweretsa kamodzi ku phiri la Athos Archimandrite Anthony ndipo mozizwitsa nakhalanso pamene nkhani yake bwino. Ndipo ngakhale nthawi iyi anali atapeza osati mu Greece, koma zotolera za m'nyumbayi m'deralo, omwe anabisika kwa zaka zambiri, chozizwitsa linabwerezedwa molondola kwambiri - zinafika khamu kachiwiri wogonera, ndi iwo anali anadzuka ndi otaya ndalama zimene sadakhoza kuunikila kukonzanso kachisi mzinda wa Moore.

Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa mu nthawi kuchokera 2000 mpaka 2009, ndinalandira yokulirapo thandizo la ndalama kuchokera kafukufuku Komiti ya la Russia, amene anathandiza malizitsani lonse wopita zovuta mkuntho. Lero wabwezeretsedwa mu maonekedwe ake onse oyambirira ndi atsopano ubwino wina wa malo ofunika kwambiri achipembedzo Russia.

Spaso-Preobrazhensky ansembe yotchedwa (Moore): The adiresi ndi makonzedwe kuyenda

Panopa lalikulu ndi udindo ntchito. Adzabadwanso patatha zaka zambiri kuchepa zauzimu zimene zinkachitika mu dziko, la Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa (Moore), chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona m'nkhani ino, amakopa okhulupirira osati womangidwa kwa iye, poyamba pa zonse, ndi kulambira malo opatulika, komanso anthu amene, popanda Podzidziwikitsa ndi chipembedzo, ndi chidwi m'mbuyomu dziko lathu.

Pakuti zonse, ndithudi, izo ndi wokongola zovuta za mbiri nyumba. Amakhala ndi maofesi asanu, waukulu umene ali Cathedral, anakonza mu 1552 ndi zopereka zimene wapanga Ivan Grozny mwa Woyera Chiwalitsiro amonke Murom. Ndandanda wa Divine Services, anayambiranso mmenemo nditamaliza ntchito, monzama mu mzere ndi ndandanda ya ntchito mu mipingo yonse Orthodox a dziko. Pa mlungu m'mawa kuyamba pa 8:00 am ndi madzulo pa 17:30. Pa maholide ndi Lamlungu kuti iwo accrue mapemphero mochedwa 10:00.

Mbiri ya agulupa ndi chirichonse chimene chinachitika kwa zaka zambiri mu makoma ake, tingaphunzire kuchokera nkhani za atsogoleri oyenerera kuchititsa maulendo kumeneko. Amene zotani maganizo obisika achipembedzo, kuyenda, lemberani: Moore, Haji Center Woyera Chiwalitsiro obisika. Iye akhoza kulankhula kupyolera agulupa za thupi webusaitiyi. Pofuna kukonza ulendo wawo amagwiritsidwa kuyembekezera obisika imeneyi, yomwe ili up. Lukin, 1.

kumene kumakhala Amonke opatulika

Kusandulika ansembe yotchedwa (Moore), hotelo womwenso onse m'zipinda zogona mwamuna ndi nthambi wamkazi, komanso apaulendo munthu mabanja, gulu lalikulu la amwendamnjira kubwera chaka. Ndipo ndi zachilendo, chifukwa kufunika kwa zinthu zopatulika kuti zasungidwa mu mpanda wa agulupa lapansi.

Kuwonjezera Marian mafano "Mwachangu Mverani", omwe anatchulidwa m'nkhani, onse kubwera ndi mwayi kulambira mmodzi wa chizindikiro kwambiri akulemekezedwa wa St. Seraphim wa Sarov. Lidalembedwa koyambirira Mu zaka zapitazo, nthawi yomweyo pambuyo alongo ake canonization Diveevsk anayambitsanso obisika ndipo amasunga tinthu a zotsalira woyera mkulu. Mu 2006 tiakachisi izi Chinawonjezeka reliquary siliva wa St M'busa Ili Muromtsa, amene anakhala zinachitika mu epic dziko la ngwazi yotchuka - ndi ngwazi za nthano epics. Komanso, mbiri yonse ya agulupa chikuoneka ngati nyimbo zodabwitsa aulosi Bojana, nakhalanso ndi anakhala owonekera mu masiku athu.