Wojambula Sezann Pol: yonena, ntchito ndi kudzikonda chithunzi

Kodi n'chiyani chimasiyanitsa ndi wojambula luso la namatetule? Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti munthu ali mwana amakhudza maluso awo onse zojambulajambula, ndi ozungulira izo akuneneratu tsogolo waluntha, koma, kukula, iye akukhala chimodzi. Ndipo nthawizina mosinthanitsa: palibe amaona kuti mwana kapena wachinyamata akuchita kanthu chidwi, koma patapita kanthawi zonse mwadzidzidzi ndinayamba kuzindikira chimene iye anali kuchita zazikulu ndi wanzeru. Sezann Pol akunena makamaka ojambula zithunzi.

chithunzicho a ubwana

Wambiri Paulo Cezanne chidwi ndi zachilendo. Komabe, pangakhale wamba moyo wojambula wa namatetule? Zonsezi zinayamba kumapeto kwa 1839. Zinali ndiye, pa December 19 m'tauni French wa Aix-en-Provence anabadwa mwana, amene anapatsidwa dzina la Paulo. Atate wa wojambula - Lui Ogyust - anali munthu wolemera. Poyamba ankagulitsa anamva zipewa, ndipo pang'onopang'ono anayamba kukongoza ndalama chidwi, ndipo anazindikira msanga ubwino wa bizinesi, anatsegula kubanki yake.

Mayi wa Paulo Cezanne anali wogulitsayo ku chipewa shopu. Zinali wodzichepetsa ndi wosaphunzira, koma iye ankakonda mwana wakeyu ndi liwiro lalikulu momwe iye akanathera kutetezedwa malingaliro wankhanza wa atate wake. Asungidwa chifaniziro chake mu kupenta "Mtsikana pa limba", pomwe mayi Paulo atakhala chapansipansi ndi needlework mu manja ake.

Chikhalidwe cha Cezanne Sr. analidi "palibe shuga". mzinda sanali iye, chifukwa iye anali kudziwika monga munthu wankhanza ndi woumira kwambiri. Sezann Pol, kwambiri, atate wake ndi akhagopa iye. Kwa zaka zambiri akuvutika kwambiri malo ake Kumvetsela ku kunyumba kwawo. Koma tiyenera kuzindikira kuti ngakhale austerity ndi nkhanza mtima, atate wake anamusamalira bwino maphunziro a anyamata ndi adapereka mwana wake kuphunzira mu sukulu zapamwamba kwambiri a mzinda - ndi College Bourbon.

Pa maphunziro ake ku sukulu ndi mapangidwe khalidwe

Pol Sezann anali wangwiro komanso wakhama wophunzira. Iye uzigwirizana ndi masamu ndipo ankakonda kulemba essays. chilakolako Special wa wojambula m'tsogolo ndakatulo. Sezann Pol ndalikumbukira ambiri Virgil ndi Homer. Iye anali ndi kukumbukira kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale patapita zaka zambiri, iye anali ndi ufulu ndibwereze ndakatulo iyi ndi mtima.

Ndipotu n'zosadabwitsa kuti sukulu mnyamata mungaphunzire osati kuti ankadana ndi adawopa iwo, ngakhale anamva kukopa kwambiri, kuti luso. Pa nthawi imeneyo, palibe wina, kuphatikizapo munda palokha, ndipo ngakhale sakanakhoza kuganiza kuti mwa zinayamba kubwera wojambula woona. Pa sukulu, maphunziro ake apamwamba mobwerezabwereza taonera makalata ena. Bambo ankaganiza kuti mwana wake kutsatira mapazi ake ndi kukhala m'malo a bizinesi. Iye anapanga minda pambuyo maphunziro analembetsa Chilamulo luso pa yunivesite ya m'deralo.

ubale kovuta banja ndi kutsutsana mkati si kukopa kwambiri pa mapangidwe khalidwe la achinyamata Cézanne. Iye anachita kudzipatula ndipo unsociable, kotero iye anakhala moyo. Anthu nthawi zonse sakumvetsa wojambula anakhala moyo wake kupewa kuwala ndipo amangokhala ali pikitipikiti ndi kupeza chimwemwe ndi chisangalalo okha kupenta.

Ubwenzi ndi Emile Zola

Only bwenzi Paulo Cezanne kwa zaka zambiri anali Emile Zola. Ankasonkhana sukulu junior mkulu, kuyambira kuphunzira pamodzi. Ana asonkhane wina zosasangalatsa zinachitika: ndi Zola pang'ono zonse akukunyodolani kusukulu chifukwa anali kwambiri lisped kamodzi m'kalasi nam'menya, koma Paulo anaimirira kwa mnzakeyo. Ichi chinali chiyambi cha ubwenzi wawo wazaka 40.

Sezann Pol kwambiri ofunika chibwenzi, monga n'zovuta converge ndi anthu ndipo Zola, abwenzi iye sanali. Kodi sizodabwitsa kuti Emile Zola anali kutikonda kwambiri kujambula sukulu ndi katswiri pa chilango chimenechi, iye ananeneratu ntchito monga wojambula. Koma Cezanne M'malo mwake, amathandiza kwambiri kuti ntchito zolembalemba, ndi ozungulira ankaganiza kuti iye adzakhala wolemba. Koma zonse kunapezeka zosiyana.

Nditamaliza maphunziro Emil amayendera Paris akulimbikira kuitana M'minda ndi iwo. Koma mnyamatayo sanayese n'komwe kuti asamvere bambo opondereza ndi amakhalabe kwawo. Koma ubwenzi inatenga nthawi yaitali, malinga ngati Emile Zola analemba chidutswa lotchedwa "Timagalasi", limene mbali yaikulu - ndi woluza, ndipo kudzipha - Cezanne anazindikira yekha.

Maphunziro a kupenta

Choncho inatha zaka anga sukulu! Young Cezanne anaumirira kwa bambo ake ku yunivesite, koma pa nthawi yomweyo amayamba m'kalasi ku sukulu ina ya kupenta situdiyo, ndipo ngakhale akonzekeretse luso lawo situdiyo chuma bambo ake. Art zambiri chidwi. Iye akuchita changu ake kuti Paris, ndipo potsiriza atate wake anagonjera kuchonderera ndi zikhulupiriro, namuwuza apite ku likulu la dziko.

Tsopano Cezanne angathe kuphunzira luso la zojambula ndi kupenta mu wotchuka Academy Suisse. Paulo frequents Louvre, kumene makope molimba zojambula aluso kwambiri: Rubens, Delacroix, Titian. Woyamba palokha ntchito ya Paulo Cezanne mdima ndi chikondi, zinapatsira ndi mphamvu ya ntchito aluso amenewa. Komano, mu zojambula oyambirira Cezanne kusonyeza amphamvu ake zokumana maganizo a nthawi imeneyo.

Njira yoyamba luso

Chithunzicho sanafa kwambiri mu likulu, anthu salandira izo, kuganizira ichinso yowawitsa akuzigawo ndi uncouth. Iye anapita kwa bambo ake, kuyesera kugwira ntchito mu ofesi yake, koma ndiye kachiwiri anabwerera ku Paris, chifukwa iye akuona kuti sangathenso moyo popanda kupenta. Nthawiyi inatenga kuponya kwa zaka khumi ndipo limodzi ndi maganizo kwambiri.

The zithunzi koyamba kuti chithunzicho anasonyeza pa Paris Salon, simunabwere naye bwino. Public ndi otsutsa sanatenge kuti "zachilendo" ndi view osaka dziko. Panthawi imeneyi, munthu yekhayo amene adamuthandiza, anali Emile Zola. Cezanne kwambiri ankagwira ntchito mwakhama pofuna kumvetsa ndale za malonda, koma bwino anali kudza.

Ankadziwa Camille Pissarro

Ngakhale patapita zaka zambiri, Pol Sezann - wojambula ndi munthu - wadutsa mkuntho woyamba chikondi, amakhala wodekha ndi wokhazikika. Mu moyo wake pali kwambiri chochitika - ubwenzi ndi wotchuka Impressionist Camille Pissarro. wojambula Izi Cezanne inalangiza kuti phale wake mbandakucha, akumphunzitsa luso sitiroko osiyana. imeneyi zilandiridwenso Cezanne - 1872 a 1879. - angatchedwe impressionistic.

The polemba chinenero chachikulu cha nthawi iyi anali malo. Sezann Pol ndi Pissarro zambiri ntchito pamodzi pa zolinga zofanana, mwachoncho, zikutanthauza pa nthawi yomweyo iwo ntchito zosiyana. Ngakhale mphamvu ya Impressionist Pissarro ndi ntchito yake, Cezanne sanakhale kutsatira zonse izi kuyenda mu kupenta.

Iye anali mlendo kwa chilakolako cha Impressionists kusonyeza boma kamphindi kwa dziko, osakhalitsa ake ndi fluctuation. Posakhalitsa anazindikira chilengedwe monga chinachake wosasintha, Kumvetsela okhwima mogwirizana. Masamu danga sipadzalephera mbali yofunika kwambiri kwa iye.

moyo wa chithunzicho

Wambiri Paulo Cezanne chingakhale chosakwanira popanda yochepa nkhani za moyo wake. Monga tanenera kale, Cezanne ankakonda pang'ono anali misanthrope, kupewa anthu, kupanga atsopano ndi akazi. Koma mu 1869 anakumana ndi mtsikana, limene kwenikweni amagwira. dzina lake Marie-Hortense Ficke, iye moonlighted chitsanzo wojambula ndipo anali zaka 11 wocheperapo chithunzicho. Cezanne anakwatira msungwana ndipo patapita anatumikira monga chitsanzo iye woposa makumi anayi zojambula. Mu 1872, Hortense anabereka mwana wamwamuna, Paulo. Ndipo ngakhale banja anali anthu osiyana kwambiri makhalidwe awo ndi maganizo a dziko ndi ntchito yaikulu ya iwo anakhala padera (Cezanne - pa chuma chake mu Provence ndi Hydrangea - mu Paris), pambuyo pa zonse, uyu anali mkazi yekha mu moyo wa maestro lapansi.

zojambula ndi Cezanne

Pol Sezann, amene ntchito anasiya umboni kwambiri mitima ya m'nthawi yake anali kudzipatula woona ndi workaholic. Iye anasiya zojambula mafuta zoposa 800. Ndipo yemwe sali kuwerenga zojambula zambiri ndi ntchito anaphedwa watercolor, amene makamaka amakonda kulenga nthawi yomalizira ya Pol Sezann.

Nawa mayina a ena mwa zojambula wake wotchuka: "The mlatho nkhalango" (1880), "Nyumba mu Provence pafupi Estaka" (1882), "The nyanja Estaka" (1885), "Chithunzi cha Madame Cezanne" (1887 g) "View Gardanne" (1886), "phiri la St. Victoria" (1890). awa ndi ambiri mitunda ena onse analemba chachikulu Pol Sezann. Komabe lifes zatenga malo apadera ntchito yake. Kamodzi zaka sukulu, analandira mwa Emilya Zolya mu mtanga mphatso ndi maapulo, iye analankhula mawu akuti: ". Maapulo, Ndidzakulaka Paris" mwana uyu modabwa anali ulosi. Pambuyo pa zaka zambiri zambiri zazikulu moyo ndi maapulo kwenikweni anagonjetsa likulu French.

Maestro wagwira ntchito ku Mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pamodzi ndi malo ndipo komabe lifes, iye ali zambiri kudziletsa zithunzi, zithunzi ndi zojambula mtundu wanyimbo, makamaka zojambula mafuta.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Mu zaka zomalizira za moyo wake chithunzicho chinali odwala ndi shuga, koma ntchito yambiri zipatso. Only kumapeto kwa njira kulenga ndi yofunika kuti Cezanne anabwera bwino, umene Komabe, sanali kuyang'ana. Zojambulajambula anali recluse woona, maganizo ananyozedwa kwa chidziko ndi moyo, amalambira luso wopatulika.

otsutsa ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ntchito ya ambuye wa zithunzi, umunthu wake luso lakumana anali chachikulu ndi maudindo, kuti zonsezi pamodzi ali ndi mphamvu yaikulu mibadwo yambiri wotsatira aluso. Pol Sezann, kanthawi yonena amene akambidwa m'nkhani ino, wamwalira pa zaka 67, mu October 1906. Tsopano zojambula ake ofunika mamilioni a madola, ndi mtengo awo zikuchulukirachulukira mofulumira chaka chilichonse. Pomaliza, ine ndikufuna kunena mawu ochepa za kumene inu mukhoza kuwona ntchito yake.

Ntchito Paulo Cezanne ku Russia

The zakale zosiyanasiyana m'dziko lathu pali zambiri ntchito ndi postimpressionist French. Mu St. Petersburg, ndi Hermitage, inu mukhoza kuwona lifes "Zipatso," "maluwa mu mbiya" "Komabe Moyo ndi Drapery" mitunda "Large Pine-Tree pafupi Aix," "Blue Malo", "phiri la St. Victoria." Apo inu mukhoza kuwona, ankawoneka ngati Pol Sezann -. "Self-Chithunzicho mu kasketke", penti ndi wojambula pakati pa zaka 1873-1875, ndi mwa Hermitage. Mu Moscow, ndi Pushkin Museum, chionetsero yosatha ya zojambula anasonyeza "Pierrot ndi Harlequin," "Bridge ya Marne mu Kreytele", "The Road pa Pontoise" ndi zina zotero. D.