Spaso-Preobrazhensky ansembe yotchedwa Ayenela-Medveditsk mbiri ndi zowoneka

Mu mzinda wa dera Serafimovich Volgograd ndi obisika, amene anali mu zaka zoyambilira, likulu wauzimu wa Don Cossacks. Mu mbiri yake yaitali wopyoza kwambiri mavuto, koma chifukwa cha zothandizira mipingo yawo ya Mulungu ndi anthu okonda zachipembedzo a m'chigawo nthawi iliyonse anapeza mphamvu kubadwanso. Today anazindikira anapezanso ukulu wake, kupondereza pa zaka zambiri obscurantism kulibe Mulungu.

Obisika pa magombe a Don

Ayenela-Medveditsk Spaso-Preobrazhensky kunyumba poyamba anali wamwamuna. maziko ake ndi wachibale 1638. Malo kwa obisika tsogolo anasankhidwa pafupi Don otsika, pafupi ndi mtsinje wa m'dera steppe. Poganizira, tisaiwale kuti makonzedwe a obisika anaonekera zinadzala ndi mavuto aakulu. M'madera ena mtsinje bedi itsekeke pang'ono, ndipo kasupe ayezi zambiri atseka yake, imbaenda mumapezeka, kumapha onse amene anasankha m'mphepete mwake kuti m'dziko.

Chiwerengero chachikulu cha m'mbali mwa Cossacks unapangidwa kuchokera anakakhala pano kumayambiriro kwa XV ndi XVI zaka zambiri, wothawa wamba akuthawa kupondereza serfdom kuti zinkachitika mu zigawo chapakati Russia. Iwo amatanganidwa madera akuluakulu anatambasula m'mphepete mwa mitsinje Yaik, Ural, Volga ndi m'munsi Don. Mu 1570, Ivan Grozny anawapatsa udindo boma sanawakhulupirire kuteteza malire boma ku anansi ake aukali.

Ayenela-Medveditsk Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa pa pempho la Cossacks, anatilangizira 1636 Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, chinali choti anzawo kuti chinaima pa zaka wachikulire kapena chifukwa kuvulala. Pezani chilolezo yake, Army District ali allocated pomanga obisika chiwembu yokulirapo ya dziko lili kumanzere banki ya Don, pafupi m'kamwa mwa Nyamuliranani Mtsinje, dzina watsikira m'dzina la obisika a.

Obisika yotchedwa

nthawi imene obisika Mpulumutsi Chiwalitsiro Ayenela-Medveditsk linakhazikitsidwa, anali wosakhazikika kwambiri, ndi midzi Cossack zambiri adamangidwa anawazunza ndi Chitata. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mmodzi wa iwo kumene anamangidwira selo fraternal natenthedwa pamoto, ndipo mu 1652 anaganiza kusamutsa obisika pa gombe lamanja la Don, ndi kovuta kwa wongosamukasamuka, choncho otetezeka. Chifukwa chaichi, ife kusankha yaikulu ndi dera lathyathyathya njanjira mkulu phompho banki.

About nthawi ya chiyambi cha ntchito yomanga ya agulupa latsopano anakhalabe mfundo zotsutsana kwambiri. Pakali pano, izo kukhazikika bwino kuti izo zinachitika pa dongosolo la mabishopu, Nikon, kumasulidwa kwa ntchito za ntchito ndalama zambiri, ndi kuti 1565 pa mkulu banki ya Don ali matabwa Chiwalitsiro Church inamangidwa.

Zilipo mbiri yakale imene inamangidwa pa malo atsopano Ayenela-Medveditsk Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa inamangidwa mogwirizana ndi malamulo a mpanda. Ndi wongosamukasamuka kuchokera kumbali zonse zimatetezedwa ndi amphamvu zadothi chomenyerapo nkhondo ndi dzenje anakumba pamaso pake. Mkati anaiika, kuwonjezera pa tchalitchi ndi molunjika maselo, refectory khumi ndi awiri maselo fraternal. Zonse nthawi zonse, ansembe a obisika anali khumi ndi zinayi.

Mapangidwe obisika ndi kulimbitsa chuma chake

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Ayenela-Medveditsk ansembe yotchedwa amene mbiri inextricably zogwirizana ndi Don Cossacks, kuyambira penipeni anali pansi pa chisamaliro cha Army District, amene lamulirani kuyesetsa kuonetsetsa kuti akuthawa kumeneko anamenyela nkhondo kale zosatheka zofunika. Pa nthawi yomweyo m'zaka nkhondo agulupa anali kufunika mwangwiro zothandiza - m'gawo lake, atetezedwe earthworks anakonza chipatala chifukwa ovulala. Koma chinthu chachikulu chinali chakuti kutali ya agulupa Russian anatumikira monga linga lolimba a ziphunzitso ndi linali likulu lake wauzimu.

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XVII ndipo zoyambirira za m'ma XVIII Spaso-Preobrazhensky ansembe yotchedwa Ayenela-Medveditsk comprehensively zolimbitsira ake zachuma. N'zochititsa chidwi kuchuluka kukula kwa wambiri dziko wokwatibwa ndi iye. Kuyambira zikalata 1705 amadziwika kuti chuma cha obisika munali oposa makumi asanu mphambu zisanu ndi theka maekala zikwi a dziko. Kuwonjezera olimapo, iwo anali nkhalango dziko kusodza.

Popeza mwakuthupi moyo obisika amamuonera khola ndi zisathe, mbale yake inakhala kudzadza osati akumuyamwitsa Cossacks, komanso anthu onse amene anafuna kutenga chophimba. Choncho, chiwerengero cha anthu mu nthawi ino chawonjezeka kwambiri.

Pamene 1707 anam'galukira motsogozedwa Ataman Bulavin chifukwa cha malamulo a Peter Ine, umalimbana muzingochita ufulu wa Don Cossacks, mpanda wa agulupa anapeza amasiye pogona Cossacks anaphedwa pamene ankalimbana ndi asilikali aboma. Ambiri a iwo, m'mene anafika zaka yake, ndipo anatenga malonjezo kumene kumakhala Amonke.

Vuto, nagryanuvshaya pa Hava Isitala

Ndi pakati pa XVIII atumwi mpingo matabwa, imodzi mwa nyumba woyamba kumene kumakhala Amonke, zoipa lawola, ndi bwino panali funso za ntchito yomanga mpingo watsopano mwala. Koma izi zolinga zabwino sanali likwaniritsidwe polingalira tsoka, chifukwa cha umene unali malo zidamugwera tsoka.

Monga tanena Spring yopuma zambiri zokhoma mbali yopapatiza ya Don mtsinje bedi, moti Kutayika zimachitika, kuchititsa mavuto ambiri kwa anthu a m'deralo. Ovuta kwambiri zotsatira za zodabwitsazi zachilengedwe anali mu 1752. Pomizika kamodzi mitsinje awiri - ndi Don ndi chimbalangondo. Sungunulani madzi kumlingo m'malo lalitali phompho banki, amene anali Spaso-Preobrazhensky ansembe yotchedwa Ayenela-Medveditsk kuti nthaka anakhala kusakhazikika ndiponso mmalo ambiri anapanga kugumuka.

analumikiza ndi tsiku. Pa makoma a nyumbazo anawonekera msanga adakula mng'alu, ndipo pang'onopang'ono anayamba kumira mu nthaka, mwadzidzidzi ankatembenukira ku mbali ya mtsinje ndi kutenga m'chifanizo cha misa lotayirira ndi wosakhazikika. Tsoka zonse zinachitika pa Isitala Hava, pamene pamalo otsetsereka a pa phiri limene agulupa anali, ndi nyumba yonse anamangidwira pa izo kuwasuntha magalimoto mu wosefukira Don.

Pamene zochitika zaposachedwapa ndakonza agulupa Chimonko chitukuko chotero, palibe mmodzi wa iwo anavulala. Komanso, zithunzi chidali onse kuphatikizapo makalata akale, mabuku ndi ziwiya mpingo akhoza patsogolo kusamukira ku malo otetezeka. Koma mu ozizira April usiku pa madzi chinapululutsa zipika zonse yamangidwa pa zaka zambiri ntchito mwakhama mibadwo ingapo, ndi chimene chinali chiyambi cha moyo obisika wa.

Pomanga malo atsopano

Kumene, kubwezeretsa obisika mu malo omwewo sizimatanthauza, kuyambira mwanjira imeneyi zingachitike kachiwiri. Choncho, chifukwa obisika a anasankhidwa ngati malo atsopano, wosiyana zakale kwa theka mtunda kumtunda. Kumeneko, paphiri, sangatichitire madzi masika mu 1754, nayikidwa Spaso-Preobrazhensky Ayenela-Medveditsk kunyumba zinasungidwa kuti masiku athu.

Kwa zaka zingapo zotsatira m'gawo lake anamanga mpingo mwala, wopatulidwa polemekeza Chiwalitsiro cha Ambuye, ndi abbot, maselo fraternal ndi chiwerengero cha outbuildings. Inoki nthawi zonse kupemphera kwa Yehova kuti atikhululukire machimo, amene anapereka kuti adzapulumuke lamphamvu kwambiri ndi matsoka.

Kusintha mu obisika wamkazi

A tsamba latsopano mu moyo wa agulupa anatsegula Patatha zaka pamene dongosolo la Synod Woyera, iye anali lidzasinthidwa amonke akazi. chochitika izi zinachitika mu June 1785. Akukhulupirira kuti synodal chinachititsa akuluakulu pempho chisankho Zikuvumbulutsidwa kwa St. Petersburg M'gulu anga A. I. Ilovayskim amene anali nako kulankhulana kumeneko.

Kotero izo zinali kapena ayi - Sizikudziwika ndithu, koma maselo posakhalitsa anasiya anthu akale, ili atsikana makumi anai a m'mudzi ili pafupi Sirotinskaya kuti unakhazikitsidwa kumeneko akazi Orthodox ammudzi. Onse a iwo ankafuna kupereka moyo zimayenera kugonana awo, ndiponso pa dziko lonse wakutseka mwa mpanda wa agulupa lapansi. abbess wawo woyamba anali mlongo wa ankhondo anga Maria Karpova ndi confessor - septuagenarian bambo dikoni Basil (Mikhailov).

Chiyembekezo chakuti zosakhalitsa obisika ndi

Komabe, Khristu sakwanitsa wabwino mkwatibwi kukhazikika mu malo atsopano monga waphedwa vuto, palibe aliyense amene akanaoneratu, ndi zimene zinaonetseratu kuti wopweteka kwa obisika masika kusefukira kwa mtsinje. Iye anachokera ku likulu, komwe pa nthawiyo malamulo a Mfumukazi Catherine Wachiwiri, kusiya kukumbukira ulamuliro lolimba mfundo wake kwa mpingo. Chifuniro cha Mfumukazi pa ulamuliro wake mu Russia anali ndi nthawi kusiya kupembedza (kukomoka) M'mayiko mpingo ndi boma, komanso kutsekedwa mchitidwe ambiri.

Mu 1788, iye anapereka lamulo pa chiyembekezo chakuti zingapo mchitidwe wa Voronezh chigawocho, kuphatikizapo tayesedwa ndi Ayenela-Medveditsk Mpulumutsi Chiwalitsiro unani umenewo. Kumupulumutsa kunali kosatheka. Ili ndi gawo la mpingo agulupa analandira udindo wa mpingo parishi, avirigo anali anathetsa kumbali zonse zinayi, ndipo chuma anagulitsa. Mu nyumba womwewo, amene anali kukhala kumpanda wa abbot a, kuyikidwa bungwe breech.

Patatha zaka obisika kubwezeretsa

Patapita zaka khumi, pamene wachifumu Russian anakwera mwana wa Catherine II, Mfumu Paulo Ine, iye ija kuti mayi, ndi Serafimovich Ayenela-Medveditsk Spaso-Preobrazhensky obisika limzake. Iwo ankayenera kuti izo, monga kale wamwamuna, kotero kuti kukhala m'ma nji mu nkhondo yoopsa Cossacks, koma kenako lingaliro anakana, obisika unali kubwezedwa kwa Sisitere. Ngakhale prioress anakhala yemweyo - onse chomwecho Maria Karpov. Kenako, chifukwa cha ntchito yake, kuvala makonzedwe a moyo kumene kumakhala Amonke mu obisika, iye anali kupereka kwa abbot ndodo, umene ndi wolemekezeka kwambiri mphoto.

Atamwalira, zomwe angatsate 1827, obisika anali lotsogoledwa ndi latsopano Prioress - August. abbacy wake unatha zaka zisanu ndi zitatu ndipo anali kudziŵika luso zofunika kwambiri. Pa Cossacks ake a m'deralo analola kutumiza ana awo aang'ono kukula mu amonke. Kwa zaka anakhala mkati mwa makoma ake, atsikana osati kuphunzitsidwa kuimba mpingo ndi lamulo la Mulungu, koma kukhala mu ena maselo Sisitere, katswiri malamulo a oyera mwauzimu ndi makhalidwe abwino.

Tikaonanso ndiye kuti moyo wa dziko lino, ali woona zitsanzo ukoma. Izi ndi zotsatira zopindulitsa kwambiri pa nyengo wauzimu wa dera lonse ndipo akuima pamaso pa anthu ake omwe kupembedza gwero - Spaso-Preobrazhensky ansembe yotchedwa Ayenela-Medveditsk. Mu Russia, mchitidwe umenewu wa zaka za maphunziro adakali zachilendo. ulendo wake wapadziko lapansi August abbess kulembedwa mu 1835, ndipo pambuyo tidakhala naye imfa kumvetsa tsoka mosayembekezereka.

Kupembedzera wa mabishopu Ignatius

mfundo ndi yakuti mu chaka kuti Holy Synod ya malo chamakono obisika, iye lofalitsidwa mu 1798, ndipo mu kope latsopano si adakhala ndi mfundo, nampatsa ufulu kulandira phindu boma. Zinali zopweteka weniweni alongo. Kuyambira tsopano, iwo osati akumanidwa mwayi kuchita chopereka (kuphatikizapo maphunziro aakazi Cossack), komanso ndiye kuti kuli njala.

avirigo Anapulumutsidwa talunjikitsidwa ku zaka m'dera Bishop Ignatius. Iyeyo mlanduwu kupemphera kwa Ufumu wake, ndipo chifukwa dongosolo, anapatsa Mfumu Nikolai Pavlovich, avirigo wa agulupa anapatsidwanso ufulu wawo ndipo sangathe kupitiriza mantha m'tsogolo.

Abbess - wophunzitsa Donetsk dera

Kuyambira m'katikati mwa zaka zao za sikisite za m'ma XVIII agulupa moyo ikusonyezedwa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa otchuka kwambiri wake Amayi Aakulu - Arsen, amene 1864 anatsogolera Ayenela-Medveditsk Chiwalitsiro obisika. Photos of ake mu zaka ukufanizidwa nkhaniyi. Noblewoman, mwana wamkazi wa anthu otchuka warlord pa zaka zonsezi, General MV Sebryakova, izo anali mmodzi wa akazi ambiri ophunzira za nthawi, kuyesetsa kufalitsa kulemba mwa sisitere wa agulupa, ambiri amene akhoza sadziwa kuwerenga ndi kulemba, ndi odzipereka kwambiri kwa nthawi nkhawa kuphunzitsa anthu a dera lonse.

Arseniy zolemba Abbess mu obisika atatsegula koyamba zaka zinayi kukoleji, ndi gulu la ana ku mabanja a strata osiyana kwambiri chikhalidwe cha anthu, kuphatikizapo apamwamba ndi bureaucracy. Mmenemo, popanda lamulo la Mulungu ndi chinenero Asilavo ali akhaapfundzisambo masamu, Chirasha, malo ndi mbiri. Palinso linatsegulidwa luso situdiyo, kumene iye anatsogolera gulu abbess, amene anali wolemera talente zachilengedwe m'munda wa luso. Makalasi pa sukulu mpaka 1918.

Kutsekera yachiwiri obisika ndi

Patangotha zaka khumi pambuyo alongo October kuukira boma akadali mwanjira kuyesa kupulumutsa likupita kutsekedwa chayandikira cha Mpulumutsi Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa Ayenela-Medveditsk. Kufotokozera za moyo zaka angapezeke pa kukumbukira anachoka ndi zochitika - m'dera mphunzitsi TV Polyakova. Iye Akukamba za avirigo anapanga ndi kulankhula ulimi m'malo anatenga malo awo anagula nyumba yaing'ono imene anali kukhala pamodzi ndi kupemphera kwa Mulungu.

Iye anati bwanji mu March 1927 inaika lamulo pa kutseka obisika, ndi angati a avirigo ake anamangidwa ndipo mbisoweka kosatha magalimoto akaidi kuwatengera ku msasa. Amene anatha kupewa tsoka ili nkhondo anatumizidwa ku dera Rostov, pamene ena a iwo ndiye anabwerera kudziko lakwawo. Chikadzangotha kutsekedwa wa njuchi obisika ana linaikidwa mkati mwa makoma ake, zomwe anakwanitsa angapo a masitolo ili kumeneko.

Mu 1933 m'mudzi Ayenela-Medveditskaya anali lidzasinthidwa mzinda anadzatchedwa polemekeza wotchuka Soviet wolemba Alexander Serafimovich, kubweretsa mkati m'gawo lake adakhala chitsitsimutso wake womutsata mu zaka za perestroika, anamukwiyira amatchedwa Ayenela-Medveditsk Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa (g . Serafimovich).

Komabe, musanabwere mu dziko, nthawi ya chitsitsimutso zauzimu, amayembekezeka kudutsa mayesero ambiri ndi ndifotokoze mavuto, limene chachikulu chinali nkhondo. Izo zinachitika kuti adakhala kale anali mu pakatikati pa nkhondoyo, ndi chifukwa zawonongedwa pafupifupi onse nyumba zake. Mozizwitsa anapulumuka yekha kumanga kachisi wa Kazan Amayi a Mulungu, anabwera pansi kuti masiku athu osasamalika kwambiri.

Chitsitsimutso cha obisika ndi

Mu 1991, pamene chotsatirapo cha okhulupirira kukonzanso chabwezedwa kwa zambiri zimene mozemba zichotsedwe mmisonkhano ambiri odana ndi chipembedzo, kuyambira njira ya chitsitsimutso chake, nagona pa wakale m'mudzi Cossack, lomwe pano ndi mzinda wa Serafimovich. Ayenela-Medveditsk Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa poyamba amayenera kupanga munthu, ndipo isanayambe ntchito yobwezeretsa pa m'gawo lake anakakhala Chimonko anayi ndi novices ochepa.

Iwo zoyembekezeka kuchitika cloister ndi zaka khumi, kuyambira m'tsogolo Sinodi Woyera anaganiza kubwezeretsa kwa udindo wa masisitere. Komabe, nthawi imeneyi amonke anatha kukumana ndi ntchito onena, kumbuyo loswa manja wamkazi. Makamaka, iwo ankaiphwasula a zotsala pali zaposachedwapa, mphamvu, anabwezeretsa denga la mpingo, anasanja yopemphereramo ndipo anamanga malo maselo limodzi.

Komanso, iwo analima anausiya adakhala maekala zana ndi makumi asanu ndi anayi a dziko. Zonsezi ntchito kwambiri moyo wa Madera akazi ambiri a atabwerera ku Ayenela-Medveditsk Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa (mzinda Serafimovich) mu 2001 pa dongosolo lenileni la mabishopu, Alexy II kwa Ukraine. Makumi atatu avirigo anapitiriza kubwezeretsa obisika, anayambapo ndi akapolo anzawo akale.

Zokambirana sisitere latsopano obisika

Alongo, wotsogozedwa ndi sisitere George (boletus), anayambitsa ntchito yotakata zachuma. M'madera zotsala ku msasa kamodzi apa inali mpainiya, zinalengedwa ndi kusoka shopu, nsomba shopu ndi prosfornya. Komanso, mothandizidwa ndi akuluakulu mzinda anakwanitsa achita m'Mphamvu kusamba ndi kuchapa zomera ndi kumanga chomera kwa kupanga nyumba konkire, kumene wodziimira anthu ntchito ya mzinda Serafimovich. Spaso-Preobrazhensky Ayenela-Medveditsk kunyumba chifukwa zonsezi wotetezedwa wodalirika zinthu m'munsi.

ntchito achita zambiri kuti abwezeretse alongo ndi maonekedwe akunja ya agulupa kamodzi kuyanga. mabedi adakhala wothyoledwa, mabedi ndipo zili ndi njira munda. Chidwi kwambiri zapatsidwa kwa chinthu kuti kuyambira nthawi makedzana wotchuka Spaso-Preobrazhensky ansembe yotchedwa Ayenela-Medveditsk. Zokopa m'gulu zovuta zake, ndiponso akachisi a akachisi, masiku awa, zaka zambiri zapitazo, anakopeka zikwi amwendamnjira.

Tiakachisi ndi zikhomo obisika

Kuyankhula za izo, muyenera kuyamba ndi m'mapanga wotchuka, anakumba ngakhale pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Amayi Aakulu Arseny. Iwo anakonza mu njira yakuti aliyense anatsika pawo umboni kwa masiku otsiriza a utumiki wapadziko lapansi wa Kristu. Pamaso pake amapezeka Way wake pa Mtanda, komanso msewu kupita ku Kalvare, Amayi a Mulungu. Pali m'phanga, inu mukhoza kuwona mwala zozizwitsa, amene anapemphera abbess Arseny. Nthawi ina mapemphero amenewa anapeza woyenera kupenya Mfumukazi ya Kumwamba. Akuti mwala ukadali anasunga mapazi ndi manja achipembedzo abbess.

Chidwi kwambiri ndi belfry, atayima pa malo m'zaka za m'ma XVIII, kachisi anamangidwa, anali litaphulitsidwa mu 1934 mkulu wa apolisi. Kuyambira unakhalabe okha Chipilala, lomwe lili lero. Pakhomo lake mkulu wa Amayi Aakulu Georgia ndi mabelu anaikidwa. Palinso zokopa zina kuti ali ndi zifukwa zomveka amanyadira anthu osati Serafimovicha, koma lonse Volgograd Region.

Ayenela-Medveditsk Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa patapita nthawi yaitali kubwezeretsedwa ndi kumanga ntchito anatsegula zitseko za matchalitchi ake awiri: mmodzi - polemekeza Kazan chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu, wodzipereka mu 2012, ndi wina - wodzipereka kwa kusandulika. Denga yake chokhala ndi mzikiti sate-firii.

Agulupa, amene anakhala malo Haji

Ayenela-Medveditsk Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa amene adiresi - Volgograd dera, mapiri. Serafimovich p. Chiwalitsiro, 7, lero, ngati mmene zinalili m'mbuyomu, anakopeka ambiri aulendo. Iwo kuno kulipira ulemu kwa malo ake oyera, yaikulu ya imatengedwa kuti ndi mwala zozizwitsa, yemwe ankapita pa zokambiranazo. Ngakhale kuti m'nyumba ya ili kuchokera m'mizinda ikuluikulu ndi njira feduro, ndi nthawi zonse alendo.

Zotsatirazi likunena zambiri kwa iwo ofuna kukaona Ayenela-Medveditsk Chiwalitsiro obisika. Momwe mu Serafimovich ndi kuona chipilala pa moyo nakhalanso Russian Orthodox Kale, anafotokoza mu phunziroli m'chigawo Volgograd. Mwachidule, monga ife tikhoza kukuuzani kuti eni zoyendera munthu Landirani naye khwalala Rostov. Anyalanyaza ndi Kalach pa-Don, ayenera kuwoloka Don ndipo asanafike Surovikino tembenuzirani, malinga ndi chizindikiro msewu kusonyeza njira Serafimovich.

Mukhozanso ntchito misonkhano ya mabungwe ambiri kuyenda Volgograd, kukonza ulendo Spaso-Preobrazhensky ansembe yotchedwa Ayenela-Medveditsk. Chidwi mfundo ndi zambiri mbiri moyo wake m'mbuyomu ndipo panopa ophunzira adzakhala kuuzidwa za maulendo atsogoleri akatswiri pa nkhani yomwe mwabwino likugwirizana kuganiza wonse wa Ulendowu.