Chitsanzo cha feuilleton yochokera ku mafilimu a zaka zapitazo ndi chitsanzo cha zolemba zolembedwa mu nyuzipepala ya sukulu

Anthu ambiri amadziwa mawu oti "feuilleton". Koma sikuti aliyense akudziwa momwe zimaonekera. Makamaka anthu ochepa amadziwa kulemba mu mtundu uwu. Nkhaniyi idzafotokoza nkhani izi ndi kupereka chitsanzo cha feuilleton yotengedwa m'nyuzipepala ya zaka zapitazi.

Etymology ya mawu

Omasulira amatanthawuza kuti mawu awa adadza kwa ife ochokera ku France. Kutembenuza kwa izo kumawoneka ngati "pepala" kapena "tsamba". Ndipo zikutanthauza choyamba mwachidule, zolemba kapena nkhani. Chitsanzo choyamba cha feuilleton chinafalitsidwa m'modzi mwa nyuzipepala mu 1800 pa mapepala owonjezera.

Kenaka, mu 1803, mkonzi wa bukhuli anatambasula tsamba limodzi, akulekanitsa m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba ndi malo oyera. Ndiko komwe mungathe tsopano kuwerenga chitsanzo cha feuilleton. Kawirikawiri anali kuvala zosangalatsa, osati zandale kapena zotsatsa.

Izi ndizoti "feuilleton" yomwe inayambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 19. Komabe, mawu awa alibe chochita ndi lingaliro lamakono la mtundu uwu.

Mbiri ya mtundu wa feuilleton

Olemba mabuku amanenanso kuti chitsanzo choyamba cha feuilleton m'zaka zamakono ndi cha Voltaire pensulo. Ngakhale, mwina, makolo a mtundu uwu anali Diderot kapena Freron. Mulimonsemo, zimadziwika kuti ndilo trio lomwe linayambitsa nkhondo yapakati pazaka za zana la 18 mothandizidwa ndi zolemba zochepa, zofuna, zowonongeka komanso zowopsya.

Ku Russia, feuilleton yoyamba inayamba mu 1820. Ndipo poyamba iye, monga ku France, anachita zosangalatsa m'mafilimu. Ichi chinali chomwe chimatchedwa nyuzipepala zamatsenga, njira ya kuwonetsera zinthu zomwe zinali ndi bala laling'ono lopangika. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake nthawi yathu anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito mawuwa mwachinyengo, mawu osayankhulana poyenderana ndi ntchito zovuta zenizeni zolemba.

Komabe, lero, nkhaniyi inayamba kutchedwa nkhani zakuda kapena zolemba zomwe zinanyoza zolephera za moyo wamakono. Amatha kukhala ndi chidziwitso chodziwikiratu kapena kudalira mfundo zenizeni, kuitana ophunzira pazochitikazo, kusonyeza nthawi ya chochitikacho.

Ndibwino kuti muzindikire mafilimu otchuka omwe anapanga ntchito zomwe lero zingaganizidwe ngati zachikhalidwe za mtunduwo: Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain), A. Averchenko, Sasha Cherny (A. Glikberg), Teffi (N. Buchinskaya). Patapita nthawi ku Russia panadziwika kuti filipiyoni yotchedwa Mikhail Zoshchenko, I. Ilf ndi E. Petrov, M. Bulgakov.

Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, magazini ya Krokodil inali yotchuka kwambiri ku Russia, kumene ma satellite anali okonzekera mkwiyo wa tsikulo. Nthawi zina kuyankhulana kunali kovuta kwambiri, kotero kunadzaza ndi kunyoza, kuti iwo omwe anali ndi cholinga, mwachindunji, anali oipa.

"Wakuba ndi ... nsalu ndizobiriwira!" (Feuilleton)

Chitsanzo cha nyuzipepala yomwe inafalitsidwa m'tawuni yaing'ono pakati pa zaka zapitazi, ikuwonetseratu momwe mungalembe zolembera mu mtundu uwu.

"O, kangati nthawi yomwe kayendetsedwe ka mzinda wa S S. inalimbikitsanso nzika za anzawo kuti ndizoipa kuti mube madzi otentha kuchokera ku mapaipi omwe amapereka kuchipatala kuchipatala m'nyengo yozizira. Koma anthu okhala m'dera lapafupi sanachitepo kanthu pa izi.

Ndiyeno otsogolera anatenga zinthu zowonongeka. M'madzi omwe amazungulira mu chipatala chakumoto, mankhwala omwe amapezeka mosavuta mu njirayi atha. Komabe, madzi akauma, chinthucho chimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Otsogolera mumzindawu adawauza nzika zawo, akulongosola kuti kugwirizana kovomerezeka ndi bomba ndiko kuphwanya lamulo.

Lero tsiku lotsatira mu ofesi ya mkulu wa oyang'anira mzinda wa S. comrade O. Okopenkov, atagonjetsa zopinga zonse pamaso pa mlembi wa a Zoyenka ndi azakhali a Marusya, munthu wokwiya Petrova MN anayamba kupukutira ndi zida zobiriwira zamoto, pillowcases, malaya a anthu ndi Zinthu zambiri kuchokera kuchimbudzi chachikazi choyandikana.

Petrova analankhula mawu okwiya ndi oopsa omwe anauzidwa ku Okopenkov ndi maulamuliro ake, omwe amatsutsa utsogoleri wa mzindawo ku machimo onse, kuyambira kuledzera kwa mwamuna wake, bambo a mwamuna wake ndi bambo ake a bambo ake, ndipo pomalizira pake, anapachikidwa ku chilengedwe choopsa mumzindawo, Kudya kumsewu.

Zolingalira zonse za mutu wa bungwe la MN sizinkafuna kumvetsera ndi kufunsa zolembedwa, komanso malipiro a ndalama chifukwa cha zinthu zowonongeka. Mgwirizanowo Okopenko AP anakakamizika kunena zomwe adafotokoza kwa nzika za MN ndi ... kuti amutengere ku a People's Court.

Zoonadi iwo amene anati: "Mbava ndi chipewa zikuyaka!" M'mbiri yathu sikuti chipewa chokha chinapweteka ... "

Kodi mafinill amakula bwanji?

Zosangalatsa zoterezi kapena zosangalatsa zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri ku sukulu nkhani zofalitsidwa ndi nyuzipepala kapena magazini. Koma momwe mungalembe feuilleton? Zitsanzo za zolemba zamakono zamakono masiku ano zimapezedwa kwambiri m'mabuku, kuphatikizapo malemba, ndemanga m'mabuku ochezera a pa Intaneti komanso m'masewera osiyanasiyana. Ndipotu, pamaziko a chirichonse, ngakhale chochitika chaching'ono kwambiri, mungathe kupanga full-fledged feuilleton.

Chitsanzo: za sukulu ndi ophunzira amafunika kulembedwa m'nyuzipepala. Timachita zovuta: Ivanov Sergey wochokera m'kalasi yachisanu ku maphunziro onse a aphunzitsi mwadzidzidzi anayamba kuyankha ndi yankho lomwelo: "Ndine Bobik kwa inu, kodi ndi choncho?" Kodi iyi si chiwembu chokonzekera mapepala a feuilleton?

"Kodi ndine kwa inu Bobik, kapena chiyani?"

"Anzanga! Khalani osamala: wodzithamanga akuyendayenda pafupi nafe! Ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino, osadziwika ndi anthu. Amadzipatsa yekha mawu akuti "Ndine Bobik, kapena chiyani?", Zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zimalimbikitsa kukana kutsatira zokhudzana ndi aphunzitsi. Ndipo atangotha mawu awa amachita mwakhama ntchitoyi. Kotero, "nebobik" iyi ikuyesera kuti ibisale zake kukhala zamoyo za dziko lina.

Anzanga! Khalani osamala kwambiri! Pakati pathu, kuyendayenda anthu! "