Chiphunzitso Vernadsky za biosphere ndi

malingaliro Scientific wa nkhani wamoyo, ziphunzitso za biosphere Vernadsky ndi noosphere, mizu mwa filosofe, amene anzeru ambiri ayesetsa kumvetsa chodabwitsa cha moyo ndi malo mwamuna wake ngati lofunika kwambiri kwa anthu a mbadwo wake. Kuyambira ndi Darwin, maganizo chisinthiko akhala kutsogolera kwa reorientation yokulirapo maganizo. Pa dzanja limodzi, anthu amene ali okhudzidwa mu kuthamanga komaliza kwa mitundu losavuta moyo wanu zimakhudza angapo chitukuko nkhaniyi, pa zina - mu maloto ake kufika athamangadi zamoyo zinachita anayamba kutsegula M'maso kale lonse.

Vernadsky yekha kamodzi ananena kuti apeze kulankhulana danga ndendende kuonjezera kufunika kwa maganizo kwa nzeru yake, amene anawonekera mu ntchito za aphunzitsi monga Bergson ndi NF Fedorov.

Lumikizanani ndi woyambitsa wa biogeochemistry ndi lingaliro la French nzeru zapamwamba Henri Bergson - ziri chimodzimodzi choncho, amene Vernadsky analemba, akulozera kufunika kwa nzeru kwa kafukufuku wa sayansi. Sichikwiya mkaidi wa akamabadwa kapena n'zosatheka dongosolo chimango, wasayansi napeza Tingapezenso chitukuko tsogolo la sayansi.

Mu "Creative Evolution" Bergson anayamba lingaliro, chomwe chakuti moyo zimenezi ndi mbali yofunika ya moyo, ndi ndondomeko yake analamula mokomera katundu dziko, makina mphamvu mkati. malingaliro awa anali pafupi kwambiri ndi wasayansi Russian ndipo iwo anayamba kupanga chiphunzitso cha Vernadsky pa biosphere lapansi. Kuti Bergson sayansi kaye vuto la kusiyana thupi pakati pa nthawi ya "moyo" tsiku ndi sayansi, anagogomezera Vernadsky.

Vernadsky wachibadidwe anakana akale njira zamoyo kufufuza, yomwe inachokera pa determinant kafukufuku chifukwa mu maganizo ake, ngati njira imeneyi ndipo anazindikira mphamvu ya chilengedwe pa nkhani yamoyo, sangathe kuyankha funso mmene mapangidwe chilengedwe kwambiri.

Oganiza ntchito ya anthu mu muyeso wa Vernadsky amasanduka malo a kudzikundikira kulenga ganizo mphamvu mwachangu umasintha chilengedwe. Vernadsky anatsindika kuti maganizo ake si chatsopano, njira zosatheka kuti ameneyu amapezeka mu ziphunzitso za Karl Kessler ndi Peter Kropotkin, ndipo kenako mu malingaliro a Fedorov, amene anafika pafupi ndi kumvetsa mankhwala monga biosphere lapansi.

Komabe, motsimikiza precondition polenga lingaliro la asayansi noosphere - kufunika kuzindikira za umodzi wa anthu. Monga analemba Vernadsky, ndi biosphere m'lingaliro ochiritsira si mpaka anthu ndi kutanthauzira abwino. Pa nthawi yomweyo, lingaliro la umodzi wa anthu, kulingana ndi fraternity, monga akutumikira maziko a makhalidwe abwino pa dzanja limodzi, ndi pa zina - cholinga chopatsa asayansi ndi maganizo osiyana kwambiri ndi dziko ndi chilengedwe, ndi wa m'badwo wa poyambira.

Mfundo yachitatu, yomwe inachokera pa zimene Vernadsky pa biosphere, ndipo imbaenda chitukuko cha mbali iyi sayansi - ndi "massification" moyo chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale. Ndipo potsiriza, kodi mkhalidwe cholinga cha Kukwezeleza chiphunzitso cha noosphere wa - kukula zachilengedwe a sayansi, kusintha kwake mu mphamvu yaikulu za ichi ambiri a noosphere lapansi.

Vernadsky anayambitsa sayansi chidziwitso, ndi wapadera gulu - pa noosphere, amene amatanthauziridwa kuti sayansi ganizo, omwe anauziridwa ndi wa zamoyo wa moyo kanthu ndi ndondomeko izi kusanduka sangakhale ndinayima. Malinga Vernadsky, ndi potency zoterozo chitukuko ndi pafupifupi zopanda malire, ndi chifukwa ganizo sayansi ndi makhalidwe abwino limakhala determinant chitukuko anthu, amene akutsatira njira ya kukwaniritsidwa kwake "padziko lonse" kutanthauza njira Kuphunzira za biosphere lonse ndi anthu.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti maganizo amenewa anachokera ku ziphunzitso za Vernadsky pa biosphere madzulo a Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, zimene zinamuthandiza kuti atsimikizire momveka zopanda kuti sayansi, monga mphamvu noosphere-kulenga, atha kutumikira ngati magulu mdima, antinoosfernym m'chilengedwe. Mchitidwe vuto la m'ma makumi awiri, malinga ndi VI Vernadsky, wachita kukakamizidwa zoonanso pa mafunso aliko ndi kulankhulana ndi maganizo ndi chilengedwe.

Ndi ganizo la noosphere m'kuyera ake oipa kubweretsa anthu ku njira ya chitukuko, analinganizidwiratu iye chilengedwe cha. Mfundo imeneyi ndi pa pachimake, amene substantiates ndi Universalism wa zodabwitsazi modabwitsa mmene waima chiphunzitso Vernadsky pa biosphere lapansi. Only pamaso pa yogwira-zamoyo zinachita ganizo, mu maganizo ake, amene anayamba kupanga akuyamwitsa posachedwapa, m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, amapatsa munthu vekitala wodzilamulira chinyezimiro mu chikhalidwe - kumvetsa okha kukhala ozindikira ndi kulenga mwachangu "kukula", omwe cholinga chawo si osati monga kusintha kwa chilengedwe, monga kusintha kwa chikhalidwe zake.