Chilumba chachikulu dziko. Chilumba chachikulu dziko. ndi chilumba lalikulu la dziko?

Pafupifupi wophunzira kuyankha funso lokhudza dzina la Chilumba chachikulu pa dziko. Amenewa ndi Greenland. Malowa ali pamtunda pakati pa Atlantic ndi Ocean Arctic, pa mtunda wa makilomita 740 kuchokera ku North Pole. M'dera la chilumbachi ali ndi malo makilomita lalikulu 2.130.800, ndi gawo la North America. Pankhani za ndale, iye ali kudziletsa, koma ndi Denmark.

Atsamunda loyamba

Malinga ndi kafukufuku mbiri, ku Ulaya, chilumba anali woyamba anatulukira m'chaka 877, pamene kukaona anatsogolera Gunnbjørn Fjeld linasiyidwa mphepo yamkuntho chakumadzulo kwa Iceland. Pankhani atsamunda woyamba wa dziko lino, kuti iwo ankaona kuti Viking, amene anafika pa gombe la kumadzulo mu zaka 982-983, kutsogozedwa ndi Erik Raud Turvaldsona. Iwo anasankha zinthu zingapo mosabisa, otetezedwa bwino pa zimene mphepo. Kudera limeneli liri chidwi ndi Scandinavia kwa zomera ake zobiriwira, zosiyana ndi ozungulira glacial chipululu m'chilimwe nthawi, imene anaitana chilumba cha Green Land, limene kumasulira monga: "Green Lapansi". Tikumbukenso kuti dzina ili poyamba okhawo gombe kum'mwera kumadzulo. Kwathunthu anakafika Chilumba chachikulu mu dziko, ndi kokha m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu.

peculiarities za gawolo

Ambiri Greenland aphimbidwa ndi oundana. Iwo kuphimba malo owonjezera makilomita lalikulu miliyoni 1.8. A chiwerengero kwambiri, ofanana Antarctic, ndi chipika olimba ayezi kuti pafupifupi istaivaet ngakhale m'chilimwe ndi ofunda. Ndikuyankhula zomwe ndi chilumba lalikulu la dziko, osanenapo chakuti zisakuyenda chizolowezi kuchepetsa voliyumu ya chishango yogwira. Izi likuoneka ngoziyo lonse, monga ngati ayezi onse Greenland chimasungunula kwathunthu, monga kuwerengetsera akhakula, asayansi, madzi mu nyanja adzauka ndi mamita monga mmene zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Enanu a gawo, ndi Mzere mosalekeza, amene makamaka mu magawo kumpoto ndi kum'mwera chakumadzulo ndi kutambasula m'mphepete. M'lifupi malo kukwaniritsa chizindikiro cha makilomita 250. M'madera kucheza ndi mabanki ayezi ndi mosalekeza zisamayoyoke kutali kukula namkholowa chiphona. Mmodzi wa awa mu 1912 anasiya pano ndipo zinachititsa kuti kugwa odziwika padziko lonse la ngalawa "Titanic."

nyengo

Chilumba chachikulu dziko lili ndi nyengo m'malo oyaka. Mu nthawi ya chilimwe, pafupifupi mpweya kutentha m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja Greenland ndi madigiri naini. Pamodzi ndi iyi pali nthawi pamene thermometer akhoza kulumpha digiri makumi awiri kapena pansi kuti ziro. Kutentha wotsikitsitsa zikusonyeza kuti kugombe la kum'mawa. Apa iwo kupanga avareji -27 ^° C

Biota

Yaikulu chilumba - Greenland - sangathe kudzitama chochuluka zomera ndi nyama. zomera ali makamaka umaimiridwa ndi malo m'nkhalango Titafika pamalo omwe ankaganiza kum'mwera. Iwo zigwirizana makamaka a birch nyenyezi yaing'ono. Kugombe la kumadzulo ali ndithu anayamba m'nkhalango ya nyenyezi yaing'ono msondodzi, ndere ndiponso ndere. Kum'mawa kwa chilumbachi ndi chipululu kumalo ozizira, choncho palibe zomera pano. Total zimasiyanitsa Mbali khalidwe la zomera za Greenland, kwagona kuti palibe mitengo yayitali.

Wosaperewera Ndi mmene kwa zomera. Nyama ambiri zokhala chilumba waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse, angatchedwe kumalo ozizira zimbalangondo, weasels, akalulu, mphalapala, lemmings ndi nkhandwe. Mimbulu n'zochepa kwambiri. Mbalame walruses, zisindikizo, ndipo narwhals moyo makamaka pa gombe la miyala. Olemera m'dera m'dera - nsomba, woimiridwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana - fulonda, nsomba za khodi, mlamba, ndi zina zotero.

Chiwerengero cha mzindawo ndi

Ndikuyankhula zomwe chilumba lalikulu la dziko, tisaiwale kuti ngakhale nyengo ndi ankhanza, Greenland ndi populata ndithu. Pakali pano, amakhala anthu za 58 chikwi. Ambiri a iwo ali mbadwa za anthu a m'dziko (Eskimos) ndi colonizers (Danes ndi Norwegians). Greenlanders chinkhoswe kusaka ambiri mafakitale ndi nsomba. Pachilumbacho ndi mwalamulo ankaona zilankhulo ziwiri - Chigirinilandi ndi Denmark.

Capital komanso waukulu kwambiri Greenland ndi Nuuk (dzina anamasuliridwa kuti "chiyembekezo chabwino"), limene lili pamwambapa chithunzi. anthu ake pang'ono anthu oposa zikwi khumi ndi zisanu. Pamudzi The anakhazikitsidwa mu 1756. Waukulu zokopa m'dera ndi Greenland National Museum.

Flag ndi odula manja

Chilumba chachikulu dziko ndipo ali zizindikiro zake. choyimira ake ali fanizo la chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira (nyama kwambiri ambiri pano) pa maziko buluu (kuimira nyanja ziwiri). Koma mbendera, ndi mtundu ofiira ndi oyera. Tikumbukenso kuti ntchito mtundu kachiwiri malinga ndi kudalira ndale za chilumba ku Denmark. Pa mbendera aikidwa chozungulira zikusonyeza dzuwa. Komabe, pali buku lina ponena ophiphiritsa izi. Makamaka, ena ofufuza amanena kuti bwalo akuimira waukulu m'dera kukopa - kuwundana.

Other zilumba zikuluzikulu za padziko lonse

Chilumba chachikulu mu dziko, anamwazikana ziwalo zake zonse. Pa yachiwiri yaikulu kwambiri pambuyo Greenland ndi New Guinea, lomwe likupezeka mu Pacific Ocean. Iwo linatsegulidwa ndi ulendo Chipwitikizi mu 1526. Chilumba chimakwirira kudera apanga 786 000 makilomita lalikulu ndi paradaiso weniweni alendo. nyama ndi zomera Local ndi osiyanasiyana kuti tsopano ndi nthawi asayansi kupeza mitundu yatsopano ya zomera ndi nyama.

Mu malo chachitatu ndi kukula kwa chilumba cha Borneo, malo makilomita lalikulu 737.000. Ndi imodzi kusamba awiri khwalala ndi anayi nyanja. B (sangathe zimene chilumba lalikulu la dziko kudzitama) dongosolo zomera, iye ndi otsutsana a Greenland. chakuti pafupifupi 80% ya m'gawo lake lili m'mapiri nkhalango. Kalimantan ndi nkhokwe olimba ya diamondi, mafuta ndi gasi, chifukwa chimene anthu am'deralo zonse moyo.

Suli kutali ndi Afrika ndi chilumba cha Madagascar, umene uli waukulu mu Indian Ocean. Malo ndi 587.000 makilomita lalikulu. Pachilumba cha dzina chomwecho ndi Republic. The subsoil wolemera mchere zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo chitsulo ndi miyala golide. Monga nyama ndi zomera, pafupifupi 80% ya mitundu zimapezeka kokha Madagascar.

Honshu chilumba

mawu enieni ayenera Chilumba chachikulu cha Japan - Honshu. m'litali ndi makilomita 1400 ndi munthu pazipita M'lifupi - makilomita 300. Pafupifupi 60% a m'gawo Japanese ili pa izo. Apa pali likulu la dzikolo - Tokyo, komanso ena mizinda ina ikuluikulu - Osaka, Yokohama ndipo Nagoya. Ponena za utsogoleri kukonza chilumba, dera lonse lagawidwa 34 prefectures.

Nyengo zomera, zimachititsa chilumbachi zimasiyana kwambiri mu zigawo. Ndithudi, ngati mbali kumpoto amakhala ndi mapiri sing'anga ndi otsika kum'mwera, iwo ali apamwamba. Pachilumbachi pali mapiri ambiri. Pafupi makumi awiri a iwo amaonedwa achangu mu nthawi yathu. Lalikulu ndi chotchuka kwambiri Fuji.

Honshu, mwa zina, ndi ambiri anayamba mu Japan, dera ku mfundo chuma view. Apa izo anaikira ambiri zokopa dziko, kuphatikizapo zachilendo malo achilengedwe, m'mapaki, ndi zipilala mapulani.