Chibadwa ndi nkhani jenda wa transsexuality

Mu baibulo buku la Genesis kwalembedwa za chiyambi cha mitundu Homo sapiens sapiens: «amuna ndi akazi Mulungu anawalenga iwo". Momwemonso amene iwo - mwamuna ndi mkazi, amachepetsa awiri kapena subspecies awiri osiyana? Cholukanalukana kwa kubereka ana a anthu ena onse moyo, kapena, molondola, m'madera ena a moyo, kuphatikiza ubereki - abwenzi kapena adani? Monga momwe adzadziwire munthu zimadalira wachokera yake chimodzi kapena chimzake "msasa"? Ndipo kugonana chibadwa zingakhudze nkhani ya transsexuality?

Aristotle, amene sanali sayansi yamakono ya chibadwa, ngakhale 4 m'ma BC, analankhula mawu a nzeru: "Munthu amapanga munthu." Patapita zaka pafupifupi ziwiri ndi theka zikwi zaka, mu 1956, asayansi asonyeza kuti mapangidwe thupi wamwamuna wa mayi thupi udindo Y-khromozomu, amene anapita yekha kwa atate mwana wake, monga mayi palibe. Ndi sabata chitatu, Ndisanaumbidwe akutsogolera mapangidwe zopangitsa kugonana, kuwapatutsa mu machende anthu. Izi chibadwa cha kugonana Mzimuyo zina morphological kugonana, ndiko mapangidwe wa maliseche kunja ndipo pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mwana, ndipo iye kukula, sekondale makhalidwe kugonana.

Kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa zotsatira Y-khromozomu pa gonadal (kupitiriza kukula kwa n'kuwasanganiza wamkazi kapena testes mwamuna) gamete (luso zopangitsa kutulutsa mazira ndi umuna) ndi kugonana m'thupi (pamene thupi limapanga esitirojeni, kapena androgens - mwamuna ndi mahomoni wamkazi). Koma monga munthu - munthu chikhalidwe, osati chibadwa jenda amakhudza munthu, koma anthu yokha, ndi malamulo ake okhwima ndi maziko. Motero, munthu ndi mtundu yapachiweniweni - amene Iye anawonjezera ena. Ndi yapachiweniweni kubwera zokhudza jenda - maliseche zovuta makhalidwe ndi makhalidwe omwe dziko limayembekezera (ndipo nthawi zambiri amafuna) pa TV amuna kapena akazi. Mwachitsanzo, munthu kuyembekezera mtima, ndi nkhanza zina, ufulu kwa akazi - softness, kukoma mtima, kudalira, emotionality.

Chabwino, pamene chromosomal kugonana kutsimikiza mzere ndi ndife amuna kapena akazi. Akukana zoletsa pakati pa zosatheka zimasonyeza transsexualism: ngati mkazi akufuna kuti adziwe "mwamuna" ntchito kapena kusonyeza ufulu komanso kulimba mtima posankha zochita, sizitanthauza kuti akuona ngati mwamuna. Mwachidule zionetsero ndi chakuti kapena kuti ntchito amaona kuti mwamuna ndi mkazi amakakamizidwa pa chimodzi kapena makhalidwe ena. Koma nanga bwanji pamene kugonana kwachilengedwenso sakugwirizana ndi chikhulupiriro maganizo a munthu a kugonana ena?

Mu 1990, British wasayansi P.Gudfellou ankafufuza wamwamuna Y-khromozomu ndi SRY anapeza jini imene ndi udindo yopanga testosterone. Choncho sayansi ya chibadwa kugonana wandipitirira chinthu china. The zatsopano pa nyama asonyeza kuti ngati mwana wosabadwayo wamkazi anapatsa magawo oyambirira SRY jini, ziwalo zoberekera wamwamuna anapanga kuti sikumachititsa chakuti wamwamuna wabadwa - kuwala limapezeka wamkazi ndi mbali ya mkazi zoyerekeza-hermaphroditism. Ngati mwana wosabadwayo, aamuna ndigwire chitukuko cha testosterone, iye akufotokozera mwamuna zoyerekeza-hermaphroditism.

Koma transsexuality - si pamaso pa makhalidwe ena kugonana mchikakamizo cha testosterone. Mwamuna wachikazi kwathunthu organically sanavomereze majini kugonana mtima, kwa iwo muuthunthu amakonda za atsikana. Ndipo chilakolako chimenechi, ziribe kanthu zimene atsogoleri ndi moralists ndiwofatsa - si osagwira zongopeka chabe, osati umboni wa makhalidwe. Pambuyo transsexualism ayamba kuonekera ana (pafupifupi zaka ziwiri), pamene mwana akufuna kutchulidwa ndi dzina wakupatsa atsikana. maphunziro Gender mwamtheradi sadzachita kanthu, ndipo okha pofuna kukwaniritsa zolinga zoopsazo. Anyamata anakopeka zidole komanso zovala, atsikana pugnacious ndi kusewera mu masewera "boyish". Monga wachinyamata mu transsexuals limapezeka chidwi mu "anzake" - m'maganizo mwawo - ndi "eni" - pamaso pa anthu - pansi. Transsexualism amakhudza pafupifupi munthu mmodzi pa 150,000 - kutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu amenewa chitukuko aakulu.