Chassis ya ndege: kuchokera kwa Flyer wa abale a Wright kupita ku Ruslan

Popeza ndege zoyamba zawuka mlengalenga, kupititsa patsogolo zipangizo zamakono zimapitirizabe. Mbali yofunikira ya ndege iliyonse ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda pansi (kapena madzi) n'cholinga chobalalika asanayambe kuchoka kapena kubwerera pambuyo.

Ndizosangalatsa kuona momwe ndege (chassis) yowoneka ngati yopanda mphamvu, imakhala ndi zinthu zambiri, itachoka pamsewu, imakhala yosavuta, imakhala yofanana, imabisa pansi pa zishango mu fuselage kapena mapiko ake.

Chitsulo chachikulu cha "nthaka" cha ndegeyi chili ndi zida ziwiri - zipilala ndi mawilo, omwe amatchedwanso pneumatics. Pa nthawi yomwe amafunika kuti apange mpata wothandizira pa chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa kapena madzi, mitundu ina ya ndege imapereka njira zowonongeka zokhudzana ndi malo otsika, monga skis kapena floats.

Mpaka pakati pa zaka makumi atatu ndi zitatu za m'ma 2000, makampani apadziko lonse adayendetsedwa ndi makina osamangidwe a ndege. Mosakayikira zinali zodalirika kwambiri, koma zinapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke kwambiri, zomwe zinkafuna njira zamakono zojambula, monga kuwonetsera kwina ndi kukonzanso kwa maonekedwe ake. Patapita nthawi, ndondomekoyi inasiyidwa, ngakhale kuti ndege zina zotchedwa "ang'onozing'ono" zimagwiritsa ntchito mpaka lero. Chitsanzo ndi "Chiwindi chakumwamba" An-2, chomwe chidapangidwa chomwe sichinasinthidwe kuyambira 1949.

Kukula kwa ndege zowomba kunkafunika kuwonjezeka mwamsanga. Mipukutu, yomwe idakonzedwa ndi zozizwitsa zokha, yakhala yovuta kwambiri, ndipo njira yosankha magudumu mu ndege kapena fuselage yaika mavuto aakulu kwa akatswiri, koma zotsatira zake zinali zopindulitsa. Ndege ya ndege ya IL-16 inakhala njira yothetsera mavuto, iwo anayeretsedwa kwa nthawi yoyamba pa mpikisano wopanga mahatchi omwe anapatsa oyendetsa ndege oyendetsera mwayi wakugonjetsa mlengalenga ku Spain.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana, cholinganiza chaching'ono chikhoza kuyerekezedwa ndi chasisi ya ndegeyo. Chiwembu, chomwe chalandira kugawidwa kwakukulu mu zomangamanga zamakono zamakono, ndikutenga katatu. Zimaphatikizapo mizere ikuluikulu ikuluikulu ndi yothandizira (nthawi zambiri - mphuno, kutenga 9% ya kulemera kwa ndege). Komabe, zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi zapitazo, chithandizo choonjezera chinkaikidwa nthawi zambiri pamchira.

Zopanga ndege zina zinali, kuphatikizapo zipilala zitatu zazikulu, komanso zimalimbikitsa. Ankaganiza kuti ndizovuta ngati atabwerera mosavuta (mwachitsanzo IL-62). Kuwonjezeka kwa kulemera kolemera kwazitsulo zazikuluzikulu sikunali kokwanira. Chiwerengero cha ziphuphu mu Rus-AN-124 chinafikira 24. Ndege ya Boeing-747 inapangidwira molingana ndi mapangidwe ambiri a alumali.

Kufika ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri mu ndege yonse, woyendetsa ndege aliyense amadziwa. Choncho, kudalirika kwa mapangidwe ndi zipangizo zogwiritsira ntchito makina opangira zitsulo, zomwe ndizofunika kwambiri. Zolingalira zosasinthika, zomwe zimachokera, zimapereka mphamvu yokhoza kupirira katundu wambirimbiri. Ndipo pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti chiwerengero cha zochotseratu nthawi zonse chikugwirizana ndi chiwerengero cha malo otsetsereka, zosungiramo zosungira zinthu komanso zosowa zofunikira zowonongeka zimapangidwanso. Momwemo.