Chitsulo chinakhazikika: makhalidwe, cholinga

Chitsulo chosakanizidwa chimapezeka kwambiri masiku ano. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga ndi malonda, komanso pamwamba pake, ngakhale pansi pa zochitika za mmera, utoto umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza, umene umaloleza kukongoletsa nkhaniyo.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ziwiya, zigawo, zida, ndi zina zotero. Njira ndi mwayi wogwiritsira ntchito pepala losungunuka ndizowonjezereka, izi zimachokera ku zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro. Pepala lokonzekera limasungira katundu wake pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakuthupi ndi katundu wodabwitsa.

Kusankhidwa

Zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitsulo zimakhala zosavuta kupanga pomanga mipanda, pansi ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kusowa. Makhalidwe ake ndi ofunika kwambiri pochita ntchito zapanyumba. Chinthu choyenera kwambiri ndicho kukhazikitsa madenga, omwe ali ndi mtunda wochepa. Chinsalu chikhoza kukhala chisanadze ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza madenga ndi malo otsetsereka. Zipangizo zojambula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito osati pokhapokha denga lisanafike, koma asanamangidwe mipanda, komanso kumangidwe kosankhidwa.

Ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe ndikufunika kudziwa?

Makampani opanga zomangamanga si okhawo amene chitsulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Imakhala ngati chinthu chabwino kwambiri popanga zipangizo zapanyumba. Magetsi, mafiriji ndi makina ochapa, komanso zinthu zina zambiri amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito pepala lopangira. Zomwe zapezekazo zikupezeka m'munda wa zipangizo.

Zizindikiro za pepala losungidwa motsatira GOST 14918-80

Pamene miyeso yomwe tatchulayi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, mipukutu yowonjezera mpweya yowonongeka imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zipangizo, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi GOST 16523-89. Pachifukwa ichi, m'lifupi mukhoza kusiyana pakati pa 710 ndi 1800 mm, ndipo pokhudzana ndi makulidwe, parameter iyi iyenera kukhala ya 0,5 mpaka 2.5 mm.

Pambuyo powerenga zizindikiro, mukhoza kumvetsa kuti chitsulocho chigawikidwa m'magulu atatu. Ngati pakati pa zilembo zapadera mwaona kuti "P", izi zikusonyeza kuti makulidwe a chovalacho akhoza kukhala malire a micrioni 40 mpaka 60. Ngati pali "1" polemba, makulidwe a chovalacho ayenera kukhala osiyana kuyambira 18 mpaka 40. Ponena za chiwerengero cha "2", parameter iyi imasiyanasiyana kuchoka pa 10 mpaka 18 microns.

Ngati mungazindikire dzina lakuti "XH", musanayambe kusinthanitsa ndi kuzizira. Chitsulo chosungunuka chimagawidwa m'mapepala:

• Zachizolowezi;
• Mozama;
• Zojambula zozama kwambiri.

Pofuna kukwaniritsa mawotchi oyenera, pepalayo imayambitsidwa ndi njira yozizira, ndipo zitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pake. Pamapeto pake, pepalayo imadutsa mu kusamba kwa zinki zosungunuka. Njirayi ikuphatikizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinki ku chigawo chachitsulo. Chotsatira chake, n'zotheka kukwaniritsa kutaya kwa mpweya.

Chitsulo chosungunuka chimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinki za sukulu Ц0 ndi Ц1. Zina mwa zinthu, aluminium, kutsogolera ndi zipangizo zina zimaphatikizidwa ku kusamba. Pomwe pempholi likupempha, chisungidwe chikuchitidwa, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale chitetezo chapamwamba.

Zowonjezera mbali za ntchito

Chiwerengero cha chitsulo chosungunuka chiri chachikulu kwambiri kuposa momwe mungaganizire. Zidazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyumba, panthawi yopanga zitsulo, ndipo ndizofunika kwambiri pomanga nyumba. Chipepalacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osungirako, bunkers ndi nsanja za silo. Chitsulo chosungunuka, kutentha komwe sikuli koopsa ndi kugwiritsira ntchito bwino ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kwapeza kuti ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu bungwe la zomangamanga. Kuchokera pazitsulo, mazenera ndi machitidwe a zikhomo amapangidwa.

Zowonjezera zowonjezera zamakina a pepala losungunuka ozizira ozizira molingana ndi GOST 14918-80

Zida zoterezi zingapangidwe ndi pepala zosakanizidwa ndi ufa. Kumalo komwe ukonde umakonzedwa, ndipo makulidwe ake sali oposa 1 mm, sayenera kubvundilidwa ndi kuchotsa zomwe zingachotse chitsulocho. Kuphimba kumafunika kukhala pamtunda wa 180 °. M'malo opindika, zochitika zazing'ono zing'onozing'ono m'litali lonse zimaloledwa, koma miyeso ya chingwe chozungulira sayenera kupitirira kulekerera.

Kutalika kwa chiyanjano chokwanira kungakhale chachikulu kuposa chimodzi chokha. Chitsulo chosungunuka, chipepala chake chomwe chidzagwedezeka, chiyenera kusonyeza kukana kwa kanthawi. Chizindikiro ichi chimayambira 300 mpaka 490 MPa. Chilombo chokwanira chidzakhala 21%.

Mtengo wa chitsulo chosakanizidwa

Mtengo wa chitsulo chosakanizidwa udzakhala wosiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa pepala. Ngati muli ndi chingwe chokhala ndi miyeso ya 1000 x 2000 mm, ndiye kuti mudzalipira 266 ruble pa pepala, ndi makulidwe a 0,4 mm. Ngati miyeso ya pepalayo ikuwonjezeka kufika 1250 x 2500 mm, mtengowo udzakhala wofanana ndi rubulu 388.

Zithunzi zosankha

Ngati muli ndi funso la momwe mungapangire chitsulo chosungunuka, muyenera kusankha chimodzi mwa njira zomwe msika umasankha. Zogulitsa zimatha kukumana ndi "Цикроль", kuimira akrisitini matte composition, pakati pa zomwe zosakaniza zili yogwira mankhwala osakaniza ndi organic solvents.

Gwiritsani ntchito kusakaniza komweku kotheka kunja kwa malo, pogwiritsira ntchito ngati chitetezo cha madenga, mapepala, mapepala, kukhetsa mapaipi, mapepala otsetsereka. Pentiyi imadziwika ndi kuthamanga kwapamwamba komanso kusasunthika, zomwe zimakhala bwino kwambiri pa nyengo yolimbana ndi madzi. Zipangizozo ndizosavuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito, zimakhala zomangiriza bwino pamwamba, komanso ndizo njira zabwino kwambiri zothetsera zinthu zowonongeka. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa kufunika koyambirira. Ntchito iyenera kuchitidwa chimodzimodzi.

Ngati simukudziwa momwe mungapangire chitsulo chosungunuka, mukhoza kumvetsera pepala lopanda madzi "Silver", lomwe ndilozitsulo zodziphatikizapo zida zogulitsira ndi zitsulo zakuda. Kusakaniza kumakonzedwa potsatira maziko a aluminium ufa, perchlorovinyl resins, komanso zowonongeka zowonjezera ndi chisakanizo cha organic solvents.

Enamel thixotropic imatha kuthamanga kwa nyengo, kuvala kukana ndi mafuta ndi petrol kukana. Chitsulo chosungidwa pambuyo pa chitetezo choterechi chidzawonjezeka kwambiri.

Mothandizidwa ndi zojambulazi mutha kuteteza zinthu kuchokera ku mphepo, dzuwa ndi mchere. Penti sizimawotche, ndipo atagwiritsidwa ntchito, amauma mwamsanga ndipo amapanga moyo wopangidwa.