Cathedral St. Basil pa Red Square

The tchalitchi chachikulu pa Red Square - Saint Vasiliya Blazhennogo - dziko wotchuka chipilala cha Russian zomangamanga mpingo. Zina mu kaundula wa cholowa chikhalidwe mlingo dziko pansi pa mothandizidwa UNESCO. ena Dzinali - St. Basil a Cathedral.

Wina Cathedral ku Red Square, Kazan, ili pa ngodya ya Nicholas Street, pafupi ndi timbewu. kachisi uyu ali ndi mbiri yake. Moscow a Cathedral pa Red Square zinamangidwa panthawi zosiyanasiyana, ndipo aliyense chidwi chawo ndi otchuka.

Muscovites ambiri ndi alendo amakhulupirira kuti Red Square aang'ono awiri, ndi zina zambiri. maganizo ndi olakwika, monga katswiri wina wa Russian zomangamanga mpingo, ngakhale Tingaone Red Square, ali kunja makoma Kremlin, mu dera la Moscow Kremlin. Choncho yankho la funso Cathedral zingati mu Red Square, ndi mosapita m'mbali.

Moscow pakati yodziwika ndi zipilala zake zambiri.

Cathedral St. Basil pa Red Square, chithunzi cha zimene zili m'nkhani ino, ili zosiyana boma la Russia ndi Spassky Tower pa chiyambi cha Vasilyevsky Spusk. Nearby ndi mkuwa chikumbutso kwa Minin ndi Pozharsky, unakhazikitsidwa mu 1818.

Chitetezero Cathedral ku Red Square ndi yaikulu chosaiwalika cha Moscow. Magulu a alendo ndi alendo munthu maola kuyenda tambirimbiri lapansi. Ndipo ngati mudzapempha Japanese, French kapena Chidanishi a tchalitchi pa Red Square iwo ankakonda kwambiri, sanazengereze kuyitana Cathedral wa Kupemphera. Chimodzimodzi kunena ndi Muscovites.

Cathedral St. Basil pa Red Square - izo ndi mwaluso malire a zomangamanga kachisi m'ma 16, anamanga polemekeza chochitika chachikulu chimene chinachitika ku Russia mu October 1552 - ndi adani a Kazan ndi kugonjetsa Kazan Khanate. Tsar Ivan Grozny analamula kuti amange mpingo, "kumene kungakhale si ofanana." Izi "mpingo" ndi kuyamba Cathedral St. Basil pa Red Square, lomwe inamangidwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, mu nthawi kuchokera 1555 ndi 1561. Kenako yophunzitsa angapo khalidwe mwambo anapangidwa.

kapangidwe

Mapulani Barma ndi Mofulumira analenga tchalitchi ntchito, wopangidwa mwa mizati chapakati ndi matchalitchi eyiti, kumene zili mbali ya dziko, mogwirizana ndi malamulo a matchalitchi pa nthawi:

• Chipilala chapakati - Chitetezo cha Virigo Woyera.
• Kum'mawa - mbali yopemphereramo ya Utatu Woyera.
• West - yopemphereramo "polowa mu Yerusalemu".
• Mu kumpoto chakumadzulo - yopemphereramo "Gregory Chiameniya Catholicos".
• Mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa - yopemphereramo "Svirskogo Aleksandra."
• Mu kum'mwera kumadzulo - yopemphereramo "Varlaama Hutynskogo".
• Mu kumpoto, kum'mawa - yopemphereramo "Ioanna Milostivogo."
• South - yopemphereramo "Nikolaya Chudotvortsa".
• North - yopemphereramo "Cyprian ndi Ustinov."

Monga Cathedral palibe kosungira, chapansi m'munsi n'kofunika, zizindikiro zimene zochokera makulidwe atatu-mita njerwa khoma. Mpaka 1595 ndi Pokrovsky Cathedral chapansi anali ntchito kusunga chuma cha mfumukazi. Kuwonjezera golide, anaikidwa yosungiramo zithunzi kwambiri.

Phaka lachiwiri la kachisi - chimenechi matchalitchi onse ndi mzati chapakati cha Kupemphera mwa Namwali Mariya, atazunguliridwa ndi zomera kumene mukhoza kudutsa khomo arched kuti zipinda zonse, komanso yakubuluka mpingo wina ndi mzake.

Svirskogo Aleksandra Church

Chapel wa malangizo kum'mwera kum'mawa wodzipereka mu dzina Aleksandra Svirskogo, M'busa. Pa tsiku la yokumbukira, mu 1552, icho chinali chimodzi cha nkhondo zoopsa la ntchito Kazan - kugonjetsedwa kwa Khan ndi apakavalo Tsarevich Yapanchi.

Aleksandra Svirskogo Church - mmodzi wa matchalitchi ang'ono anayi, chomwe quadrangle m'munsi eyiti ndi ng'oma ndi mawindo. Chapel wa mzikiti ndi korona mtanda.

Mpingo Varlaama Hutynskogo

Mpingo Varlaama Hutynskogo, Chimonko, wopatulidwa ku dzina lake. Chetverik m'munsi amakhala octagon otsika ndi mu mzikiti backplate. Apse wa mpingo ankatembenukira kwa chipata cha mfumu. Chokongoletsera mkati zikuphatikizapo tyablovy iconostasis ndi zithunzi za m'ma 16, Pakati chionekera chizindikirochi wa Novgorod "Masomphenya Tarasy, sacristan."

Mpingo "polowa mu Yerusalemu"

Chapel wa westbound wodzipereka mu ulemu wa holide, "kulowa mu Yerusalemu". Big mpingo mu mawonekedwe a Anachotsa zipilala octagonal, kusintha kwa mlingo wacitatu ng'oma ya kudzera mwa lamba wapakatikati kokoshniks wosatha "vperebezhku".

Chokongoletsera mkati wolemera kukongoletsa khalidwe, osati popanda chofunika. iconostasis ndi anatengera kwa Aleksandra Nevskogo Cathedral, poyamba inali mu Moscow Kremlin. Chetyrehyarusnaya tyablovaya kapangidwe chokongoletsedwa ndi mbale gilded ndi kusema tsatanetsatane wa rosewood. Mzere pansi mafano Limanena za Chilengedwe.

Gregory Church, Chiameniya kotalikosa

Mbali tchalitchi, zinayang'ana kumpoto chakumadzulo, wopatulidwa ku dzina la mphunzitsi Chiameniya. Small mpingo muyeso ndi kusintha kwa octagon otsika ndi mizere itatu ya arches corbel "vperebezhku", anatengedwa kuchokera mtanda mzikiti kalembedwe mipingo kiyubiki ya theka lachiwiri la m'ma 15. Dome kakulidwe kake, protrusions diamondi woboola pakati overtightened "mauna" wa mdima wobiriwira magulu.

The iconostasis wakufayo, mu mzere pansi - veleveti chophimba ndipo akamachita mitanda wa Kalvare. Mkati tchalitchi ladzaza "chochepera" makandulo - matabwa nyali, amene anaikapo mu woonda makandulo mpingo. Pa makoma imakonzedwa anaonetsa zovala za ansembe, felony ndi surplices, nsalu ndi golide. Pakati pa Kandy, chokongoletsedwa ndi enamel.

Mpingo Cyprian ndi Ustinov

A mpingo waukulu, zinayang'ana kumpoto. Pa tsiku la chikumbukiro Cyprian ndi Ustinov asilikali achifumu anadzasokoneza Kazan. Octagonal mzati ndi gables umadutsa gawo kokoshniks mu faceted ng'oma. M'tchalitchi, anamanga ofukula chiwerengero cha buluu ndi zoyera, korona chipilala. Mkati mwa Mpingo chosema iconostasis ndi zojambula zambiri khoma ndi zithunzi za ku miyoyo ya oyera.

mpingo linakhalanso kangapo, pomwe otsiriza kunayamba 2007 chaka, ndisamalire analandira kuchokera JSC "njanji Russian".

Chapel wa Nikoly Velikoretskogo

Mbali tchalitchi, zinayang'ana kum'mwera, anali opatulidwira ku dzina Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, dzina lake polemekeza Velikoretskaya anagula mu Khlynova pa Mtsinje Wamkulu. Mpingo ndi ziwiri tiered octagonal mzati ndi gables, osatembenukira ku mndandanda wa arches corbel. Pamwamba mbali nzeru nsanja octagonal korona mutu wa mtanda Orthodox. Dome wa mpingo utoto lili ndi mikwingwirima wavy a mitundu ofiira ndi oyera.

Mpingo wa Utatu Woyera

yopemphereramo wina wamkulu wa Pokrovsky Cathedral, chinayang'ana kum'mawa, anali opatulidwira ku dzina la Great Utatu. Anachotsa chipilala octagonal kasinthidwe lathuli gables gabled pa gawo m'munsi, anazungulira kokoshniks mu gawo pakati ndi zisanu ndi zitatu aposa mzikiti, ndi zokongola kwambiri mu Vasiliya Blazhennogo Temple zikuchokera.

Chapel a "Makolo akale Atatu"

Kukumana yopemphereramo kum'mawa wodzipereka mu ulemu wa Makolo Akale atatu a Constantinople: John, Paulo ndi Alexander. NKHANI yaikulu zisanu tiered iconostasis wa Baroque mtundu, ndi zithunzi za gawo m'deralo, ndi Deesis, akukhala ndi zikusonyeza. Mkati inakonzedwanso mu 2007.

Vasiliy Blazhenny

Mu 1588 pa tchalitchi pa Red Square linamalizidwa mu kumpoto-kum'mawa. Ndi chipilala "Gregory Chiameniya" anawonjezera yopemphereramo polemekeza Vasiliya Blazhennogo yemwe anamwalira mu 1552, amene mitembo anakwiriridwa bwino pa malo yomanga tchalitchi.

Cathedral St. Basil pa Red Square, kuwonjezera phindu lake mapulani ndi mbiri yakale, nayenso zizindikiro wopatulika mwa mawu a maliro achipembedzo. Mu 1589, mu chapansi a tchalitchi anaikidwa Ioann Moskovsky. Mu 1672, mu Pokrovsky Cathedral anali m'manda a zotsalira za Ioanna Blazhennogo, Moscow chozizwitsa ntchito.

Kazan Cathedral pa Red Square

Mu 1625, pa Nikolskaya Street anali kumangira mpingo matabwa wa Kazan Amayi a Mulungu mu Moscow likuvutika Prince Pozharsky. Kazan mpingo yapsya ndi malo ake anaimika mwala Kazan Cathedral patapita zaka zisanu ndi zinayi. Panthawi imeneyi pomanga mpingo analipira mfumu Mikhail Fedorovich, ndi odzipereka nyumba yatsopanoyi inali mu 1636 kholo Joasaph choyamba.

Pa kukhazikitsanso Stalin Manege Square Cathedral anali anagwetsa, izo zinali mu 1936. Mpingo wa Kazan Amayi a Mulungu ankakhulupirira olengedwa nineties oyambirira, pa kuyamba wa Moscow Society kutetezela Cultural Luso. Panopa Kazan Cathedral ili Red Square, ndi wina wa katswiri chidwi kwambiri wa Moscow zomangamanga mpingo.