Boris Gorbatov: wolemba Soviet, wolembapo aliyense. Biography ya Boris Gorbatov

Munthu uyu wapindula kwambiri m'munda wamakalata. Mwatsoka, moyo wake unali waufupi, koma anasiya ntchito yochuluka kwambiri. Kodi Boris Gorbatov anakumbukira chiyani? Zithunzi za wolemba Soviet ndizo zomwe tikambirana.

Kudzipeza Wekha

Kubadwa kwa Boris Leontievich kumabwerera ku mbiri ya zaka zapitazi. Iye anabadwira m'chigawo cha Ekaterinoslav kumadera akutali chaka cha 1908. M'dera la Lugansk banja lake linakhazikika. Ayuda ndi amitundu, ankakhala mwamtendere, akugwira ntchito mu fakitale. Pa zomera za Kramatorsky ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, Boris Gorbatov adadzikhazika yekha. Anayamba ntchito yake monga wokonza mapulani. M'kati mwa makoma a malo ake, mnyamatayo anayamba kulakalaka kulemba, panthawi imodzimodziyo kukhala wolemba kalata. Pofotokoza moyo wa ogwira ntchito, adazindikira kuti ndi mbali iti yomwe akufuna kuti adziwe yekha m'tsogolo.

Kubadwa kwa nyenyezi yatsopano

Chiyambi cha wolemba chinachitika mu 1922. Kenako, nyuzipepala yakuti "All-Union stokehold" inafotokoza nkhani yaifupi "Ndalama ndi njala." Inde, powona ntchito za ogwira ntchito ntchito ndi maso awo, mlembiyo anawonekera mwamsanga kuntchito. Owerenga ankakonda. Kotero anabadwira Gorbatov Boris watsopano - wolemba yemwe adzadziwika ndi umunthu wosiyanasiyana kamodzi kanthawi.

Mamembala a Komsomol adzakhala mitu yayikulu ya nkhani zamtsogolo za Boris. Mu 1928, "Cell" imatulukamo - kufotokoza kwina kwa moyo pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1920. Kupambana kwa ntchito izi kunayamikiridwa mu zolemba zamalonda. Mu 1930, Boris Leontievich anaitanidwa kukagwira ntchito monga wolemba nkhani m'nyuzipepala ya Pravda. Monga wogwira ntchito yake, amapita ku Arctic, ndipo pobwerera kuchokera kuulendoyo amapereka zipangizo zingapo pa chitukuko cha kumpoto, kenaka anaphatikizidwa m'buku "Ordinary Arctic".

Wolemba, chiwerengero cha anthu, wowerengera

Zinkawoneka kuti ichi chinali sitepe yayikulu komanso opanda udindo. Chikondi cha anthu onse komanso kuvomereza anzawo panthawi yochepa adalandira ndi Boris Gorbatov. Zithunzi, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mfundo zochititsa chidwi zochokera m'moyo wa wolemba, zimamuyimira osati wolemba chabe, komanso ngati munthu. Alangizi ena ambiri amamvetsera maganizo ake ndi malingaliro okondweretsa pa zochitika zomwe zikuchitika m'dzikoli, ndipo zotsatira za ntchito zotsatila zinakhala zofunikira pa zokambirana.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 30, Gorbatov anatsegula Union of Proletarian Authors. Gululi linakhalapo kwa zaka zingapo, ndipo kenako linatchedwanso Association of Writers 'Association. Boris Gorbatov adagonjetsa utsogoleri, adakali wolimbikira maganizo komanso wolemba wamkulu. Udindo watsopano wokhudza kusamukira ku Moscow. Mpaka mapeto a zaka khumi, Boris Leontievich anasindikiza zolemba za "Masters", "Kuyenda Phiri", "Comintern." Lofalitsidwa mu 1933, nkhani "Chibadwidwe changa" analandiridwa bwino ndi olemba mabuku. Malingaliro awo, mlembiyo anatha kufotokoza chidwi ndi mzimu wa kusintha kwa nthawi ya dongosolo lazaka zisanu zoyambirira.

"Msilikali" msonkho

Mu nkhondo yapakhomo Gorbatov Boris Leontievich amagwira ntchito ngati wolemba nkhani. Kwa zaka zinayi, pamene akumenyana ndi zochitika, akuwululira momveka bwino mzimu wa asilikali a Soviet m'masamba a nkhani zake: "Alexey Kulikov", "Letters to Comrade", "Moyo wa Msilikali". Kukonda dziko lapansi ndi chifuniro chogonjetsa kumawonetsedwa mu "Osagonjetsedwa." Nkhaniyi imatchedwa "chiwerengero cha zolemba za usilikali." Kwa iye mu 1946, wolembayo analandira Mphoto ya Boma.

Mipingo ina

Ntchito yoyamba nkhondo itatha ntchito pang'ono pang'onopang'ono imachoka pa mitu ya zoopsa za 1941-1945. M'buku la "Donbass" Boris Gorbatov limaganizira kwambiri achinyamata a Soviet. Bukhuli liri ndi chikondi, chomwe sichipezeka m'machitidwe oyambirira a wolemba. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 40 iye anali ndi chidwi ndi mapangidwe a Japan ndi Philippines. Pa nthawiyi Gorbatov amabwereranso kuchitetezo chokhazikika - ali ndi mpando wa Mlembi wa Writers 'Union, wotsogolera wa Supreme Council ndi membala wa chipani cha Communist Party

Zosangalatsa zina

Talis yake yophunzitsa mabuku Boris Gorbatov adatha kusonyeza ku cinema ya Soviet. Mbali ina, izi zikugwirizana ndi kulowa kwake ku Bungwe la Utumiki wa Zithunzi. Mu 1950, iye adawoneka ngati mmodzi wa olemba masewero a "Dedza Donetsk", omwe adapatsidwa mphoto ya USSR. Zithunzi zina zowonetsedwa malinga ndi zochitika zake zikuphatikizapo "People's Court", "The Blockade", "Zinali ku Donbass". Pambuyo pa imfa ya wolembayo, pamaziko a mabuku ake, mafilimu akuti "Chimwemwe cha Nicephorus Bubnov", "My Generation", ndi "Ordinary Arctic", omwe tawatchula kale, adaikidwa pa filimu.

Kumbukirani cholowa

Pa nthawi yake ya moyo, Boris Gorbatov (chithunzi chojambulidwa) sanamalize nkhani yakuti "Alexei Gaidash." Pamodzi ndi izo, mu 1956, panali sewero "One Night". Wolembayo anamwalira mu 1954, akuikidwa m'manda ku Novodevichy Manda ku Moscow. Mu 2008, Lugansk, komwe adachokera, anaperekedwa chizindikiro cha chikumbutso cha chikumbutso, chomwe chinakonzedwa kuti chaka cha 100 cha Gorbatov chichitike. Pokumbukira iye, m'chaka cha imfa ya wolemba, Boris Gorbatov oyendetsa sitimayo anadza pamadzi kuchokera ku doko la Stalingrad.

Podzipereka yekha ntchito, Boris Leontievich sanaiwale za chimwemwe cha munthu. Ake okwatirana anali actresses Tatyana Okunevskaya ndi Nina Arkhipova. Kuchokera m'banja lachiwiri, mwana Michael (cardioreanimatologist) ndi mwana Elena (mphunzitsi) anabadwa.

Pokhala nawo nawo nkhondo, analandira ndondomeko "Chifukwa cha kulandidwa kwa Berlin", "Kuteteza Odessa", "Chifukwa cha kumasulidwa kwa Warsaw." Kuwonjezera apo, mu arsenal ya Gorbatov muli mndandanda wonse wa mphoto zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zolembazo - Mphoto ya Stalin ndi Leninist Komsomol.

Kwa zaka makumi angapo, David Medrish, wolemba mabuku wa Chiyukireniya, wa ku Russian, anafufuza ntchito ya Boris Gorbatov. Mosakayikira, omalizawo adathandizira kwambiri kupititsa patsogolo mabuku a Soviet ndi pambuyo pa nkhondo. Otsutsa ankanena mwambo wapadera wa wolemba - kukhala wolimba maganizo, wotentha kwambiri wa zochitika zomwe zimapanga maziko a ntchitoyo. Ntchito zambiri ndi zachikondi. Monga lamulo, mabuku ambiri adaperekedwa kwa anthu wamba, ogwira ntchito mwakhama, omwe moyo wawo ndi ntchito yawo Gorbatov sankadziwa mwakumva. Gawo loyambirira la Donbass, lopangidwa ngati polojekiti yambiri yamagulu, linali lokha la mndandandawu. Mwatsoka, wolembayo sanathe kubwerera ku mutu wa gulu la Stakhanovite cha m'ma 1930 pamene anali ndi moyo.