Sitima Museum ku Novosibirsk. Sitima Museum pamalopa Riga

Mzinda umenewu uli pamtunda wina yotchuka "repositories akale" maulendo sitima. Museum sitima ku Novosibirsk ali ndi kukula chidwi kwambiri (pafupifupi atatu makilomita zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wapadera sitima, magalimoto ndi zizindikiro zina za phunziro).

Iwo anasonkhana chopereka kwambiri (pa 100 zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho) sitima, sitima magetsi, sitima dizilo ndi ngolo, kuti makamaka ntchito ku West Siberia Railway. Komanso, Novosibirsk Museum zida sitima kwa iwo. Na Akulinina (boma dzina) ali mu deta zake zopangidwa Soviet magalimoto monga "Moskvich", GAZ, ZAZ (osiyana chitsanzo chaka) ndi zitsanzo zingapo mathirakitala, magalimoto ndi magalimoto onse mtunda.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Mu 1996, woyendetsa mphete za "VNIIZhT" anasonkhana ambiri a zida sitima. Pa nkhani imeneyi, waukulu sitima maofesi kasamalidwe atapereka mwatsatanetsatane ndi zonse za kukhazikitsidwa kwa munthu owonetsera zakale yoyenera. Kenako anayamba kusonkhanitsa mitundu yonse ya zinthu zakale sitima, ndipo mu August 2000 sitima owonetsera zakale anali mwalamulo anatsegula. Iye unatchedwa woyambitsa ndi wotsogolera woyamba wa - Nicholas Akulinina.

Woyamba oonetsera zinthu zamakedzana

Bwino polowera kukhazikitsa zinachitika sitima Cherepanovs abale. Yefim ndi Miron anamanga pa limodzi la Nizhny Tagil Iron ndi zomera (Vyisky chomera), woyamba wapansi bwato (dzina lakale la sitima za). Choncho 1834 zinali zodzaza ndi maonekedwe a sitima yoyamba mu Russian Ufumu. Kuwonjezera pa katundu wa matani 3.5, akhoza kunyamula okwera kwambiri ndipo 40.

Wapadera chitsanzo cha chopereka owonetsera zakale

Mmodzi mwa anthu amenewo zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wapadera ndi thanki injini kampani "Borsig". Linamangidwa mu XIX-XX zaka. mu Germany. chitsanzo uyu anali chotero palibe wachifundo amapereka mafuta ndi madzi kusungidwa mu nthunzi mu akasinja wapadera (akasinja) ili m'mbali mwa kukatentha kwambiri.

Komanso, chidwi cha alendo chitsanzo cha katundu sitima lv-0040. Iwo anali opangidwa pa Voroshilovgrad sitima Ntchito 50 ntchentche. Mu zaka zapitazo.

Sitima Museum ku Novosibirsk atsimikiza chitsanzo katundu sitima Er-789. E mndandanda anali wotchuka kwambiri, kotero kuti ikuchitika kuŵeta. Sitima anali mwa zitsanzo pafupipafupi kamene kubwezeretsa atangochimwa zombo sitima. Tikhoza kunena kuti sitima amenewa sanawonongeke kupanga siteji ya nkhondo atatu. Yonama anapita m'mayiko eyiti, kumene 32 chomera anali nawo. chitsanzo umenewu wakhala waukulu pakati sitima zoweta.

Childs, wakuda othimbirira katundu sitima ndi zonyamula - zobiriwira kapena buluu. Amaoneka kuti wokalamba kwambiri, koma iwo anali kokha pafupi 60-70 zaka.

zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zina ziti m'gulu zopereka?

Pamodzi ndi prototypes a sitima ndi magalimoto munthu, pali anasonkhana ambiri zida sitima. Mwachitsanzo, wodalirika kwambiri miyeso thanki cholinga kunyamula chitsulo chosungunula.

Komanso sitima owonetsera zakale ali ndi chionetsero wapadera, monga chosakanizira 16 chitsulo chogwira matayala, amene mphamvu ndi matani 150, unakhazikitsidwa mu 1974.

Mukhoza kuona chitsanzo cha makina trolley TD-5 (lotseguka asanu bedi kudziletsa injini zoyendera galimoto ntchito kupulumutsa / zoyendera mwa njanji chida njira, njira ya zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ndi ogwira ntchito).

Chidwi cha alendo ukufanizidwa nsanja kukonza ndi kusamalira catenary, ndi kotlovanokopatel ndi Chombo.

magalimoto Mpesa ngati zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho kusonkhanitsa owonetsera zakale

Pali jeeps asilikali, poludzhipy, ZIS-5. Komanso "Dodge WC51", umene 1942 anaperekedwa kwa USSR. Amadziwika kuti anali kutchedwa "Dodge kumpanda atatu" Red Army (chifukwa chakuti anali ndi mphamvu makilogalamu 750).

Pali m'chigawo ndi mini-thalakitala woyera chopangidwa pa Kharkov thalakitala Bzalani.

Novosibirsk sitima Museum limakupatsani kuona magalimoto GAZ:

1. GAZ 51 - Soviet galimoto kuti anali chopangidwa lalikulu zedi. Siriyo kupanga ake inayamba mu 1946, koma zitsanzo woyamba anasonkhana pamaso Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Total linanena bungwe inkakhala makope pafupifupi mamiliyoni 3.5 a zosintha zosiyanasiyana. Ndi ntchito izo zojambula Soviet ndi China, ndipo Korea, ndi Poland.

2. GAZ-63A - ndi Soviet kwambiri kuyendera galimoto. Iye (1948-1968 gg.) Anapangidwa kwa zaka 20.

3. Zil 157 - Car m'nthawi ya Soviet Union, angapo a nicknames: "Poltergeist," "Baba", "mpendadzuwa", "ng'ona", "Zakhar", "Bents" "Truman", "Cleaver", "stupa" "Mormon." Mu Bulgaria iye dzina "Joghana" mu Ukraine - "Kabanchik" mu Lithuania - "Shyashyakoyis krokodilas". M'dera Magadan, Yakutia, Kamchatka ndi Chukotka mwaganizapo galimoto amatchedwa "LDRS" kapena "Nkhanu". kanyumba ake akufanana chitsulo, kumpoto chakumadzulo umatchedwa - "Iron". , Imatchedwanso kuti pakati ku Central District Federal a alenje, ndicho Ryazanschine, galimoto uyu ali yunifolomu kukula ziro thupi (kung), amamuonera dzina lakuti "Zenzyubel".

Izi si zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho atsopano a nyumbayi.

Sitima Museum pamalopa Riga

Iwo chinamasulidwa mu 2004 ndipo ali odzipereka pa mbiri ya zida sitima mwachindunji ku Moscow sitima. Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kumva dzina lina - m'nyumbayi wa sitima nthunzi Kudera Riga.

Pa nsanja pabwalo wokwera sitima ndi injini nthunzi wa zaka zosiyana za kumasulidwa ndi nyengo zosiyana. Izi oimira wakale zida sitima, ndipo ana awo masiku ano.

Sitima Museum pamalopa Riga amalola alendo ake kuti zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho mkati zina ngakhalenso kupindika mu manja awo, ena zitsanzo makwerero anayika pa mayiko alendo.

M'nyumbayi pafupi, mukuona nthunzi sitima ndi chidwi kwambiri kukula, amene utoto wakuda. Iye n'kuliza utsi ndi ukali monga ntchito. Iwo akhoza kutenga ulendo. Mbali chigawo chimodzi - ndi nthunzi sitima, kutanthauza E mndandanda ndi chiphatso mbale 774-38, ndi galimoto ziwiri ano.

Pano mukhoza kuona ndi sitima ndi snowplows. Pali magalimoto wapadera Mwachitsanzo, ukhondo, amene unathandizira pa Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.

Monga bwino, amakuona ngati Museum sitima nthunzi mu Moscow, yeniyeni, m'dera la Riga.

Njanji Museum likulu Russia a kumpoto

Iye anayamba kuchita 1813. Iwo anali mwapadera anamanga mu 1902 yomangira nyumba ya izo.

Apa anasonkhanitsa gulu wolemera kwambiri za zonse zimene zimagwiritsa zoyendera njanji: sitima, pa sitima, magalimoto, makina ntchito yomanga ndi nkhani wothandiza kwa kayendedwe mosadodometsedwa a sitima. Dziwani kuti ankaona sitima Museum ku St. Petersburg ali zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wapadera. chitsanzo ake anasonyeza pa chionetsero cha zisudzo zikuluzikulu lonse mmizinda yaikulu, monga Mwachitsanzo, Paris (1900).

N'chifukwa chiyani Museum lotchedwa buku?

Chifukwa ambiri alendo - ophunzira. Amabwera m'nyumbayi wa sitima nthunzi mu St. Petersburg kuti apeze nzeru yeniyeni ndi ponena za njanji ndi sitima. Komanso, pamene zikupereka zimakupiza club kwa obwera onse.

Pomanga nyumbayi anasonyeza okha 3% zitsanzo zonse, koma antchito ake azilipira kuchoka kwa nthawi zoposa 10 chaka zochitika ndi zisudzo ku mayunivesite ndi sukulu.

Panopa sitima Museum ku St. Petersburg ali 50 chikwi. Zidutswa, amene anapereka wotonza akuluakulu ndi zitsanzo sitima ndi sitima ntchito.

Nanga m'chigawo Russian ya sitima?

Iye analipira msonkho pa mbiri ya zoyendera sitima ndi mzinda wa Pereslavl. Sitima Museum pali pafupi m'mudzi waung'ono. Lili zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho kuchokera Nthawi osiyana. Formulations magalimoto (zonyamula ndi katundu) ndi wokwera pa njanji, ndipo mwachindunji pansi pa thambo lotseguka.

Komanso, pali Tingaone snowplows chitsanzo. Pali ngakhale chionetsero, anapanga kwathunthu nkhuni.

Ku Moscow kuti Yaroslavl msewu 100 Km mzinda wa Pereslavl. Sitima Museum wotchuka kwambiri mu malo amenewo. Zikuonekanso yokutidwa hangars, amene culls ndi zipangizo zina sitima.

Mu nyumbayi mukhoza kuona kuchipinda komwe anasunga wakale siteshoni zipangizo, ndi mu chipinda china ndendende chinaonekeranso komorki mkati siteshoni ntchito kapitawo.

Chidwi cha alendo ndi anaperekanso asilikali ndi zipangizo zaulimi.

Museum wa n'zotsimikizira sitima moperewera Warsaw

Apa imasonyezedwa chopereka yaikulu yopapatiza magalimoto n'zotsimikizira sitima: kuposa 100 sitima, magetsi ndi dizilo sitima, ngolo ndi railcars.

Zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho chidwi kwambiri ndi:

• chaise Yuzefa Pilsudskogo;
• trolley "Warsaw";
• Asilikali komwera mowa galimoto;
• Wokwera ngolo g / D;
• nsanja zoyendera mofulumira zipolopolo;
• akale Polish yopapatiza n'zotsimikizira sitima (1882-1883 gg.).

Ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho izi wotchuka Warsaw. Sitima Museum payenera maholo chionetsero awiri, amene anaika akale photos, zitsanzo, matikiti, mawonekedwe sitima zikalata, ntchito yosindikiza komanso magetsi.

zothandiza kudziwa mbiri yakale ali malo enieni ntchito Mtsogoleri, amene zida ndi zipangizo zakale nyengo.

Ikukhala ngati Museum zida sitima ku Rostov-na-Donu?

Lili zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho monga sitima Pre-nkhondo, pambuyo nkhondo nkhani, sitima dizilo, sitima magetsi, cranes ndi magalimoto wapadera.

A udindo wofunika kwambiri kwa mzinda unachita njanji Museum sitima nthunzi. Rostov pa-Don ndi uyamiko kwa Iye anakhala wotchuka kwambiri pakati alendo yachilendo.

Mu deta yake pali ngakhale chidutswa amenewa, ngati analanda German sitima. Ndipo inu mukhoza kuwona dents kwa zipolopolo ena zitsanzo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuyang'ana magalimoto chisanadze nkhondo, monga firiji, akasinja mafuta, ngolo zoyendera antchito ndi katundu, ndi oyenda ndi magalimoto wapadera - likulu la North Caucasus usilikali District.

Railway Museum mu Nizhny Novgorod

Wina owonera zakale zotchuka sitima nthunzi. Nizhny Novgorod (Kanavinsky chigawo) anayambitsa mu 1996, chidwi cha anthu ndi alendo ichi "chuma cha zida mbiri sitima." Izi owonetsera zakale ochepa a sitima ndi zaka pafupi nyanja (m'mudzi kusanja).

Zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho anasonkhana chopereka kuchokera 1993. Mukhoza kuona khumi sitima akale, omwe ali chidwi chake mbiri. anasonyeza mwa zoweta, German ndipo Swedish zida nyumbayi: mafakitale, magalimoto ndipo, ndithudi, sitima zonyamula anthu.

Choncho, zosonkhanitsira akale zida njanji ali Saint Petersburg ndi Moscow, ndi Nizhny Novgorod ndi Pereslavl, ndi Warsaw. Sitima Museum - ndi malo kumene inu mukhoza kukawerenga mu masiku akale ndi kusangalala ndi tanthauzo la m'mbiri la lililonse chionetsero.