Black mbalame ndi wakuda mulomo. Wakuda mbalame ndi mlomo lalikulu

Ndikuganiza mwambi: Kodi mtundu wa mbalame wakuda ndi wakuda mulomo? Ena amaganiza kuti ndi Rook, koma palibe! Izi basi ake "amapasa" - wakuda khwangwala. Ndipotu, onse a mitundu mbalame ofanana ndi mnzake ngati madontho awiri a madzi. Komabe, awo moyo njira azitsogolera mu mbali zosiyana. Black khwangwala ambiri mbalame imodzi yoyamba imene nthawi imene yatchedwa ndi Carl Linnaeus. Ndi kulankhula.

maonekedwe

Izi mbalame yakuda ndi mlomo wakuda ndi miyendo chomwecho. Komabe, onse wakuda kuzitcha izo zosatheka. Ngati inu kuyang'anitsitsa, mukhoza kuona kuti nthenga zake ndi zobiriwira kapena wofiirira gleam. Ena ornithologists kuti nthenga zake chitsanzo akubwereza nthenga Makwangwala Olimbana dongosolo, ngakhale kudziwa pa iwo nthawi amakhala chimodzimodzi. Komabe, iwo mitundu chosiyana wa mbalame.

Osati kusokonezedwa ndi Makwangwala Olimbana ndi!

Dziwani kuti mbalame zimenezi kwathunthu chosiyana kwa khwangwala wamba ndi achibale ake apamtima - hooded akhwangwala. Choncho mpaka ofanana ndi Rook kuti onse a mitundu zambiri kusokonezedwa ndi mzake. Kumbukirani, mulomo wakuda khwangwala ndi yokulirapo kuposa Rook a. Komanso, wamkulu Makwangwala Olimbana mphuno ali chabe, pamene m'goli Tambala wakuda iwo tsitsi lanu liimirire yokutidwa ndi nthenga.

Makwangwala Olimbana kwa akhwangwala kusiyana ndi yowala Sheen violet buluu nthenga. milomoyo awo sali wamkulu monga wa wakuda awo "mapasa", ndi za miyendo kukula otchedwa "mathalauza" - nthenga okhudza iwo. Koma chofunika kwambiri kusiyanitsa Tambala wakuda wa Makwangwala Olimbana ndi kukhalapo nthenga yotakata ndipo anamaliza kumbuyo kwa mutu wotsiriza.

Makwangwala Olimbana zambiri amakhala mapaketi ndi akhwangwala - awiriawiri. Nthawi zambiri onse imayambira mwa m'dera lomwelo. Monga mukudziwa, akhwangwala - mbalame mochenjera ndi odzikuza. Iwo amapulumutsa iwo ndi m'nyengo yozizira amasonkhana mu magulu a anthu 15-20, kenako zatenga zisa zawo "mapasa" - Makwangwala Olimbana. Choncho, kusiyana pakati pa anthu ndi ena, ife ndinakugwirani, tsopano tiyeni tikambirane gulu la akhwangwala wakuda.

Gawo

Monga tanena kale pamwambapa, wakuda mbalame ndi mlomo lalikulu - ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ingapo ya mbalame anafotokoza wasayansi Carl Linnaeus mu malo oyamba. Izo zinachitika m'mbuyo m'zaka za m'ma XVIII. Ndi imvi, ndi wakuda akhwangwala anawagawa subspecies yeniyeni ndi osiyana. Nthawi zambiri mbalame awiriwa ankaona ngati subspecies mwa mitundu. Mfundo imeneyi si kulakwitsa. Ndi kani inaccuracy ofunda.

N'zimenenso zambiri kutali kum'mawa wakuda khwangwala imatengedwa mwa mitundu, kuti si zoona ndithu. Kusonyeza kusiyana perekani gulu lolondola la superfamily la akhwangwala:

• wamba imvi;
• Kum'mawa imvi;
• Wamba wakuda;
• Kum'mawa wakuda.

Nthawi misonkhano anthu amafotokozedwa Mfundo sayansi ndi akhwangwala omwe ali pa milomoyo zawo zina zachirendo mdima mawanga. Ena ornithologists woyamba ngakhale mukufuna kufotokoza iwo monga osiyana mitundu, koma patapita kanthawi zinaonekeratu kuti mawanga akuda pa mlomo wa mbalame - ndi chizindikiro cha matenda, osati chizindikiro cha mtundu watsopano.

Kodi akhwangwala wakuda anthu?

Black khwangwala kapena wakuda mbalame ndi mlomo lalikulu (monga limatchedwa), ndi ambiri Ulaya: Elbe, ku mbali ya Vienna, kudzera wotchuka Alps kumpoto kwa Italy. Mu East ndi kum'mawa Siberia kufalitsa mtundu wina - chovala. Iye ndi msuweni wake, ali mulomo wakuda ndipo nthawi yaitali, koma zikuuluka ake si koyera wakuda, ndi zauve imvi mtundu.

malo kukaikira mazira

Monga malo wakuda awo kukaikira mazira mbalame ndi mlomo wautali amasankha m'mphepete mwa nkhalango ndi nkhalango kuti ali pakati pa meadows ndi minda. Mbalame kuthetsa lalikulu zedi ndipo mu malo a m'mizinda ikuluikulu. Anthu ena amaopa iwo, zochokera ena tsankho kugwirizana ndi akhwangwala wakuda, mfiti ndi zongoganiza.

Izi zolengedwa konse chisa madera (monga Makwangwala Olimbana kuchita), koma awiriawiri osiyana mkazi wamwamuna. nthawi limayamba ndi kubwera kwa masiku woyamba ofunda wa March. Ornithologists kupereka mbalame ayenera, chifukwa mabanja kukhala okhulupirika kwa wina ndi mnzake mpaka kalekale. Choncho mbalame (wakuda ndi mlomo wakuda ndi miyendo) angathe kutumikira monga chizindikiro cha kukhulupirika ndi chikondi.

zisa zawo kumanga pamwamba pansi mlingo - mu akorona wakuda ndi zapiringizana a mitengo. "Maziko" ndi mangled youma nthambi, Moss ndi dongo. Makoma a akhwangwala awo zisa wakuda munzere udzu ndi ubweya. Childs, kagawo chimodzi chikuonekera pakati pa 3 ndi 6 mazira. Ndipo apa, nawonso, ayenera kukhala malo: khwangwala mazira kwambiri amafanana ndi mazira a Rook a. Iwo amawaumbatira iwo wamkazi yekha. Yaimuna pa nthawi imeneyi chakudya.

Patangotha masabata 2 mazira zimaswa fledglings. Patapita nthawi kubadwa kwa mwana wamkazi akadali ofunda, kenako, pamodzi ndi mwamuna akuyamba kufunafuna ndi kubweretsa chakudya. Apa ndi mbalame! Black ndi wakuda mulomo ndi zikhadabu khwangwala ikukula mofulumira kwambiri: mkati mwa mwezi anapiye kuuluka mu mlengalenga, amasamukira ndi makolo awo, chifukwa pamalo chilichonse mpaka isanayambike yozizira.

chakudya

Mbalame ndi chimwene kuti kudya zovunda za mitundu yonse. Musataye ndipo ali ndi tizilombo, nyongolotsi, akangaude, nyama zing'onozing'ono ndi chakudya zinyalala. Ornithologists amakhulupirira kuti akhwangwala onse wakuda - miimba m'chilengedwe wamumtima. Ndicho chifukwa iwo kawirikawiri anachezeredwa ndi zokhalamo anthu, chifukwa pali zambiri zinyalala. O, ndi wosamvera ngati mbalame yakuda ndi mlomo chachikulu!

osusuka izi chikondi kusakaza nambala yaikulu zisa za mbalame aliyense wosalakwa, chifukwa tanena kuti chakudya chokoma awo ankakonda - mazira. Komanso, wakuda khwangwala mofunitsitsa kudya mbewu, zipatso ndi zipatso, mbali wobiriwira wa zomera. Iwo kuchita mbalame zolusa, agalu ndi nkhandwe kupanga awo. Kumene, n'zovuta kuona mmene iwo akupita kuti akaphe husky galu, koma chidwi zamasewera sichinayambe zimafika.

Ulemu - chimwemwe wachiwiri!

Mbalame Alonda, amene anachita kafukufukuyu ndi kusunga khalidwe la mbalame amati ndi - ndi ochenjera kwambiri, aluso ndi wochenjera mbalame. Black ndi wakuda mulomo, nthenga ndi zikhadabu asanalire, maganizo awo - ndi weniweni lingaliro jenereta kuti mwamsanga pamene aliyense kuyambitsa zolengedwa izi zapamoyo. Chinyengo ndi chinyengo mu magazi awo. Black akhwangwala, okhala Europe, zambiri intrusive kuti impudence!

Mwa njira, izi anzeru ndi kuganiza pasadakhale chilengedwe cha khalidwe lawo pa nyengo kukaikira mazira. Osati zokhazo, "nyumba" zawo zili pa okwera mkulu (mu mitengo), iwowo zinthu m'njira kuti n'zovuta kuwerengera: anapiye mu chisa ndi bata ndi chete pamene makolo awo - ngakhale koposa choncho. Ngati gulu la akhwangwala m'nyengo yozizira m'mavuto aliyense mu chakudya, adzakhala wopanda compunction aliyense agwirizane nkhosa la akhwangwala ndi Makwangwala Olimbana, ngakhale iwo samakufunsa.

phindu

kufunika Economic la akhwangwala wakuda mu moyo wa munthu sitingalephere kukambapo. Izi kulenga ndi kuwononga zosiyanasiyana mukhale chopondapo zinyalala ndi kukufafanizani tizilombo zoipa ndi makoswe. Iwo akukonda kuwononga zisa za mbalame, koma ichi si chifukwa amawaona kuti ndi tizirombo.